Motivations of Israeli physicians to return, or not, to Israel after their fellowship abroad.

Background: Emigration of healthcare professionals, particularly physicians, is an unresolved "pandemic", influenced by various factors. In high-income countries, the training phase (fellowship) abroad is critical for career development, yet it poses challenges for the retention of these professionals upon their completion of training. This study aimed to identify the determinants influencing Israeli physicians' decisions to return to their home country after completing fellowship training abroad.

Closing-wedge Osteotomies: Can We Do and Teach Better?

Background: Wedge osteotomies are ubiquitous in pediatric orthopaedics and limb deformity surgery; however, there is no universally preferred methodology for these procedures. This study aims to determine the relative accuracy and effectiveness of several measuring and marking methods to guide best practices for wedge-shaped osteotomies in long bones.

Methods: An observational cohort study was completed.

Nonmetallic Anterior Hemiepiphysiodesis of the Distal Femur with a Low-Profile, Pretensioned Implant: A Case Report.

Case: A 14-year-old adolescent boy with left-sided spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy presented with a 14° left knee flexion contracture and resultant gait disturbance in the setting of an open distal femoral physis. He underwent subsequent anterior distal femur hemiepiphysiodesis with a suture anchor-based, nonmetallic implant. He achieved full correction at the 1-year follow-up and underwent uncomplicated implant removal.

Pediatric Diving-Related Injuries in Swimming Pools Presenting to US Emergency Departments: 2008-2020.

Objectives: Recreational swimming/diving is among the most common physical activities in US children and a significant cause of morbidity across the United States. This study updates the national epidemiology of diving-related injuries.

Methods: The Consumer Product Safety Commission's National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database was queried for patients aged 0 to 19 from 2008 to 2020 who presented to any of the 100 National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-participating emergency departments for a diving-related injury.

Treatment of Septic Arthritis of the Hip Joint Using Repeated Aspirations: When Should We Operate?

Background: The well-accepted treatment of septic arthritis of the hip joint (SAHJ) is surgical drainage of the joint, but repeated aspirations of the hip joint under sonography, have been used for over twenty years with significant success in some centers, including ours. In recent years, we identified some children who did not respond to aspirations and had to undergo arthrotomies. We were concerned that some children may have reached the operating room after a longer than ideal time.

Reduction in Diameter of Hamstring Autograft With Additional Circumferential Preconditioning During ACL Reconstruction in a Pediatric Population.

Background: Over 130,000 anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions (ACLRs) are performed annually in the United States. Previous studies have shown that circumferential preconditioning reduces the diameter of fresh-frozen allografts, but no studies have described the effect in ACL autografts used during ACLR.

Purpose: To characterize the changes in the hamstring autograft diameter as a result of preparatory circumferential preconditioning.

Management of Salter-Harris II distal femur fractures - what is the state of practice? A survey of Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America membership.

Level V Expert Opinion.

Open Reduction of Medial Epicondyle Fractures in the Pediatric Population: Supine Versus Prone Position.

Background: Operative treatment of medial epicondyle fractures can be performed in either a supine or prone position. In the supine position, fracture visualization is sometimes difficult due to the posterior position of the medial epicondyle. However, the prone position requires extensive patient repositioning but may improve visualization.

Predicting Risk of Recurrent Patellofemoral Instability With Measurements of Extensor Mechanism Containment.

Background: Identifying risk factors for recurrent patellar dislocation after a primary dislocation may help guide initial treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements relating the alignment of the extensor mechanism to trochlear morphology have been shown to distinguish patients with dislocations from controls, but their usefulness in predicting the risk of a second dislocation is not known.

Purpose: To identify the association of novel MRI measures of patellar containment with recurrent instability in pediatric patients presenting with a first-time patellar dislocation.

Open Reduction of Closed Pediatric Tibial Shaft Fractures Treated With Intramedullary Stabilization Does Not Increase Risk of Postoperative Complications.

Objective: To compare union and complication rates in pediatric patients presenting with tibial shaft fractures treated with closed or open reduction before intramedullary stabilization.

Design: Retrospective review.

Setting: Multiple pediatric trauma centers.

Outcome Measure Utilization Demonstrates No Relation to Journal Rank or Level of Evidence for Superior Labral Tears of the Shoulder.

Introduction Superior labrum anterior to posterior (SLAP) tears are injuries of the shoulder's glenoid labrum involving biceps tendon insertion. We describe the scope of outcome measures used in the SLAP tear literature over the last decade and evaluate whether objective study metrics relate to level of evidence (LOE) and journal rank. Methods A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to identify all articles on the outcomes of the treatment of patients with SLAP tears published over the period of a decade (2007-2016).

Expert Consensus for a Principle-based Classification for Treatment of Diaphyseal Pediatric Femur Fractures.

Introduction: Recent studies demonstrate considerable deviation from the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) evidence-based guidelines for the treatment of pediatric diaphyseal femur fractures (PDFFs). This study aimed to determine if expert-consensus can be reached on a principle-based classification to be applied broadly to a wide variety of PDFF scenarios and if outcomes correspond to adherence to the classification.

Methods: A 2-stage study was performed.

Septic Arthritis of the Knee in Children: A Critical Analysis Review.

» Septic arthritis of the knee is the most common type of septic arthritis in children, and it may result in irreversible joint damage. » Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogen associated with septic arthritis, but other causative pathogens are possible in children with certain risk factors. » The diagnosis of septic arthritis of the knee is based on history and physical examination, blood tests, and arthrocentesis.

Rigid locked nail fixation for pediatric tibia fractures - Where are the data?

Tibial shaft fractures are common injuries among the pediatric and adolescent population. Conservative treatment remains the preferred treatment. However, over the last two decades, there has been an increasing trend of operative fixation in pediatric tibia fractures, commonly with intramedullary nail fixation (IMN).

Kickball and Its Underappreciated Pediatric Injury Burden: An 18-Year Retrospective Epidemiological Study.

Background: Kickball is a popular childhood game most frequently played during gym class or recess at schools throughout the United States (US). Despite this, the national health burden of injuries associated with kickball has never been explored in the US pediatric population.

Purpose: To report national estimates and demographic characteristics of pediatric patients presenting to US emergency departments between 2000 and 2017 with kickball-associated injuries.

Reconsidering the "Classic" Clinical History Associated with Subluxations of the Radial Head.

Introduction: The national burden of radial head subluxations in the United States (U.S.) population is poorly defined, and non-classical injury mechanisms have been increasingly reported in recent years.

Orthopaedic injuries among electric bicycle users.

Introduction: The use of electric bicycles (E-bike) has dramatically increased. E-bikes offer convenient, environmental-friendly, and less expensive alternative to other forms of transport. However, E-bikes provide a new public health challenge in terms of safety and injury prevention.