Upper Limb Function but Not Proprioception is Impaired in Essential Tremor: A Between-Groups Study and Causal Mediation Analysis.

Background: Essential tremor (ET) is characterized by abnormal oscillatory muscle activity and cerebellar involvement, factors that can lead to proprioceptive deficits, especially in active tasks. The present study aimed to quantify the severity of proprioceptive deficits in people with ET and estimate how these contribute to functional impairments.

Methods: Upper limb sensory, proprioceptive and motor function was assessed inindividuals with ET (n = 20) and healthy individuals (n = 22).

Clinical outcomes following reperfusion therapy in acute ischemic stroke patients with infective endocarditis: a systematic review.

Background: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a common and fatal complication of infective endocarditis (IE); however, there is a lack of understanding regarding treatment efficacy. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in IE patients experiencing AIS.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review investigating the outcomes of AIS in IE patients receiving IVT and/or EVT as a treatment method and to evaluate the safety and efficacy of these methods of reperfusion therapy.

In-hospital acute stroke workflow in acute stroke - Systems-based approaches.

Clinical outcomes of acute ischaemic stroke patients have significantly improved with the advent of reperfusion therapy. However, time continues to be a critical factor. Reducing treatment delays by improving workflows can improve the efficacy of acute reperfusion therapy.

Cerebral, subcortical, and cerebellar activation evoked by selective stimulation of muscle and cutaneous afferents: an fMRI study.

Abstract We compared the brain areas that showed significant flow changes induced by selective stimulation of muscle and cutaneous afferents using fMRI BOLD imaging. Afferents arising from the right hand were studied in eight volunteers with electrical stimulation of the digital nerve of the index finger and over the motor point of the FDI muscle. Both methods evoked areas of significant activation cortically, subcortically, and in the cerebellum.

Absence of short-term vestibular modulation of muscle sympathetic outflow, assessed by brief galvanic vestibular stimulation in awake human subjects.

There is evidence in experimental animals for a potent vestibulosympathetic reflex, but its existence in humans is controversial. Static head-down neck flexion and off-vertical axis rotation have been shown to increase muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), but not skin sympathetic nerve activity (SSNA), whereas horizontal linear acceleration decreases MSNA in humans. However, both forms of stimuli also activate other receptors.

Effects of galvanic vestibular stimulation on human posture and perception while standing.

This study examines three hypotheses that have been proposed to explain the effects of galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) in standing human subjects. The first assumes realignment to an altered representation of vertical. GVS-evoked body tilt produced under conditions of different stability was compared with perceptions of the vertical which subjects indicated by two means, a visual line and a manipulandum.

Position and velocity responses to galvanic vestibular stimulation in human subjects during standing.

Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) in animals modulates the firing of otolith and semicircular canal afferents alike. Here, we look for postural responses evoked by GVS from the otolith organs and semicircular canals. To minimise the modifying effects of somatosensory input on the response, low-intensity (0.

What does galvanic vestibular stimulation stimulate?

The technique of galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) has been used for a long time. The stimulus produces stereotyped automatic postural and ocular responses. The mechanisms underlying these responses are not understood although they are commonly attributed to altered otolith output.