The Relationship of Baseline Prostate Specific Antigen and Risk of Future Prostate Cancer and Its Variance by Race.

Purpose: Several studies suggest that a baseline prostate specific antigen (PSA) measured in young men predicts future risk of prostate cancer. Considering recent recommendations against PSA screening, high-risk populations (e.g.

Endoscopic Treatment of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma.

Purpose Of Review: This study aims to make the reader be aware of recent trends regarding the endoscopic management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) via review of the urologic literature over the past 5 years. Given the rare incidence of this disease, and the lack of level 1 evidence, systematic reviews and meta-analyses were also evaluated. Studies of importance are also considered and outlined in the annotated reference section.

Low testosterone has a similar prevalence among men with sexual dysfunction due to either Peyronie's disease or erectile dysfunction and does not correlate with Peyronie's disease severity.

Introduction: Low testosterone (T) has been suggested as a risk factor for Peyronie's disease (PD) that may correlate with disease severity. Low T is common in men with sexual dysfunction but its role in the pathogenesis of PD remains unclear.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of low T (<300 ng/dL) in patients presenting with PD or erectile dysfunction (ED), as well as disease severity between men with PD and either low T or normal T (≥300 ng/dL).

Secondary pelvic congestion syndrome: description and radiographic diagnosis.

Introduction: Pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) is a complex condition of the pelvic venous system leading to nonspecific pelvic pain that was initially described in females alone. The underlying abnormalities, though diverse, all result in increased pressure in the left gonadal vein which is transmitted retrograde into the pelvic venous system. Our primary aim was to describe our findings of secondary PCS as a distinct entity from primary PCS in that it has an identifiable vascular etiology and is gender nonspecific.