The associations between nutrition and circulating gut microbiota-derived uremic toxins in patients undergoing kidney replacement therapy: An observational, cross-sectional study.

Background: Gut microbiota generates a series of bioactive metabolites that can be converted into uremic toxins such as trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), p-cresyl sulfate (pCS), and indoxyl sulfate (IS). The aim of the study was to examine the association between diet and the concentrations of the mentioned gut microbiota-derived uremic toxins.

Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted involving 210 participants: 84 hemodialysis (HD) patients, 44 peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, 52 kidney transplant recipients (KTR), and 30 healthy controls.

Untargeted metabolomics in gastric and colorectal cancer patients - preliminary results.

Introduction: Recent years, microbiota-associated aspects have been analysed in multiple disorders regarding cancers. Existing evidence pints that gut microorganisms might take part in tumour origin and therapy efficacy. Nevertheless, to date, data on faecal metabolomics in cancer patients is still strongly limited.

Altered lipid metabolism in patients with acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) remains the sole curative option for many hematological malignancies and other diseases. Nevertheless, its application is limited due to the risk of life-threatening complications, mainly graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Currently, in clinical practice, the risk of developing GVHD is estimated for every patient based on factors related to the donor and the host.

Multispecies probiotic affects fecal short-chain fatty acids in postmenopausal women with obesity: A post hoc analysis of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Objectives: Probiotics are known to regulate host metabolism. The aim of this study was to assess whether interventions with a multi-strain probiotic formula affect fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).

Methods: The analysis was carried out in 56 obese, postmenopausal women randomized to three groups: probiotic dose 2.

Analysis of correlations between gut microbiota, stool short chain fatty acids, calprotectin and cardiometabolic risk factors in postmenopausal women with obesity: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Microbiota and its metabolites are known to regulate host metabolism. In cross-sectional study conducted in postmenopausal women we aimed to assess whether the microbiota, its metabolites and gut barrier integrity marker are correlated with cardiometabolic risk factors and if microbiota is different between obese and non-obese subjects.

Methods: We analysed the faecal microbiota of 56 obese, postmenopausal women by means of 16S rRNA analysis.

Rotating Magnetic Field Increases β-Lactam Antibiotic Susceptibility of Methicillin-Resistant Strains.

Methicillin-resistant strains of (MRSA) have developed resistance to most β-lactam antibiotics and have become a global health issue. In this work, we analyzed the impact of a rotating magnetic field (RMF) of well-defined and strictly controlled characteristics coupled with β-lactam antibiotics against a total of 28 methicillin-resistant and sensitive strains. The results indicate that the application of RMF combined with β-lactam antibiotics correlated with favorable changes in growth inhibition zones or in minimal inhibitory concentrations of the antibiotics compared to controls unexposed to RMF.

Potato Juice, a Starch Industry Waste, as a Cost-Effective Medium for the Biosynthesis of Bacterial Cellulose.

In this work, we verified the possibility of valorizing a major waste product of the potato starch industry, potato tuber juice (PJ). We obtained a cost-effective, ecological-friendly microbiological medium that yielded bacterial cellulose (BC) with properties equivalent to those from conventional commercial Hestrin-Schramm medium. The BC yield from the PJ medium (>4 g/L) was comparable, despite the lack of any pre-treatment.

The Effects of Immunosuppressive Treatment during Pregnancy on the Levels of Potassium, Iron, Chromium, Zinc, Aluminum, Sodium and Molybdenum in Hard Tissues of Female Rats and Their Offspring.

The ideal immunosuppressive regimen should provide for excellent immunosuppression with no side effects. Yet, current immunosuppressive therapy regimens commonly used in clinical applications fail to meet this criterion. One of the complications caused by immunosuppressive drugs is mineralization disorders in hard tissues.

Can the Gene Variant Have an Effect on the Body Weight of Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery?-Preliminary, Exploratory Study.

Background: The gene (Se gene) encoding the enzyme α-1,2-L-fucosyltransferase 2 seems to have a significant effect on the number and type of bacteria colonizing the intestines.

Methods: In a group of 19 patients after bariatric surgery, the polymorphism (rs601338) of gene was analyzed in combination with body mass reduction, intestinal microbiome (16S RNA sequencing), and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) measurements in stools.

Results: Among the secretors (Se/Se polymorphism of the gene rs601338, carriers of GG variant), correlations between waist-hip ratio (WHR) and propionate content and an increase in , , , and were observed.

Effect of fluoride on endocrine tissues and their secretory functions -- review.

The effects of fluoride on endocrine tissues has not been sufficiently explored to date. The current body of knowledge suggest significant effects of that mineral on reducing sex hormone levels, which may consequently impair fertility and disrupt puberty. The majority of studies confirm that sodium fluoride increases TSH levels and decreases the concentrations of T3 and T4 produced by the thyroid.

Bioelements in the treatment of burn injuries - The complex review of metabolism and supplementation (copper, selenium, zinc, iron, manganese, chromium and magnesium).

Appropriate nutrition is a key component of burn treatment and should be regarded as an integral part of the therapeutic process in burn patients. A nutritional intervention plan should not only allow for adequate quantities of energy and protein but also carefully consider the supply of macro- and micronutrients. As a result of the severe inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and hypermetabolic state, accompanied by often extensive exudation in burn patients, there is a considerable loss of macro- and micronutrients, including essential trace elements.

Chronic Exposure to Fluoride Affects GSH Level and NOX4 Expression in Rat Model of This Element of Neurotoxicity.

Exposure of neural cells to harmful and toxic factors promotes oxidative stress, resulting in disorders of metabolism, cell differentiation, and maturation. The study examined the brains of rats pre- and postnatally exposed to sodium fluoride (NaF 50 mg/L) and activity of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), concentration of glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the cerebellum, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum were measured. Additionally, NOX4 expression was determined by qRT-PCR.

Diet-Induced Rat Model of Gradual Development of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) with Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) Secretion.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver disorders in industrialized Western countries. The prevalence of the disease is estimated to range from 4% to 46% worldwide. The aim of study was to develop an animal model with gradual NAFLD development.

Can Functional Beverages Serve as a Substantial Source of Macroelements and Microelements in Human Nutrition?-Analysis of Selected Minerals in Energy and Isotonic Drinks.

Studies on the ingredients of energy drinks and isotonic drinks focus mainly on the evaluation of their content in terms of substances modulating the body's metabolism or those regarded as food additives. Having regard to the widespread availability of these beverages, their diversity and the limited number of studies in this area, the aim of this study was to analyse the contents of F, Al, Cd, Cr, Mn, V, Co, Ni, Zn, Bi and Na in the energy drinks and isotonic drinks available in the Polish market. Fluorine concentration was analysed using an ion-selective electrode.

The influence of polyphenols on metabolic disorders caused by compounds released from plastics - Review.

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) released from plastics into water, soil and air are significant environmental and health problem. Continuous exposure of humans to these substances results not only from the slow biodegradation of plastics but also from their ubiquitous use as industrial materials and everyday products. Exposure to POPs may lead to neurodegenerative disorders, induce inflammation, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, insulin resistance, allergies, metabolic diseases, and carcinogenesis.