Association of low fasting C-peptide levels with cardiovascular risk, visit-to-visit glucose variation and severe hypoglycemia in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT).

Aims: Low C-peptide levels, indicating beta-cell dysfunction, are associated with increased within-day glucose variation and hypoglycemia. In advanced type 2 diabetes, severe hypoglycemia and increased glucose variation predict cardiovascular (CVD) risk. The present study examined the association between C-peptide levels and CVD risk and whether it can be explained by visit-to-visit glucose variation and severe hypoglycemia.

Refining determinants of associations of visit-to-visit blood pressure variability with cardiovascular risk: results from the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Trial.

Objectives: As there is uncertainty about the extent to which baseline blood pressure level or cardiovascular risk modifies the relationship between blood pressure variability (BPv) and cardiovascular disease, we comprehensively examined the role of BPv in cardiovascular disease risk in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) Trial.

Methods: Using data from ACCORD, we examined the relationship of BPv with development of the primary CVD outcome, major coronary heart disease (CHD), and total stroke using time-dependent Cox proportional hazards models.

Results: BPv was associated with the primary CVD outcome and major CHD but not stroke.

New Insights into the Role of Visit-to-Visit Glycemic Variability and Blood Pressure Variability in Cardiovascular Disease Risk.

Purpose Of Review: There is evidence from epidemiologic studies that variability in cardiovascular risk factors influences risk of cardiovascular disease. We review new studies and novel findings in the relationship between visit-to-visit glycemic variability and blood pressure variability and risk of adverse outcomes.

Recent Findings: Visit-to-visit glycemic variability is consistently linked to macrovascular disease.

Associations of sleep duration with cardiometabolic outcomes in American Indians and Alaska Natives and other race/ethnicities: results from the BRFSS.

Objectives: This study assessed the associations between short and long sleep duration and prevalence of cardiometabolic outcomes in American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) and compared these associations to those evident among other race/ethnicities.

Methods: We analyzed data from the 2013-2014 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. In total, 14,536 AI/ANs, 729,962 non-Hispanic whites, 71,765 blacks, and 59,472 Hispanics were included.

Sleep Duration and Diabetes Risk in American Indian and Alaska Native Participants of a Lifestyle Intervention Project.

Study Objectives: We examine the association between self-reported sleep duration and diabetes incidence in a national sample of American Indians/ Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) with prediabetes.

Methods: Data were derived from the Special Diabetes Program for Indians Diabetes Prevention demonstration project. This longitudinal analysis included 1,899 participants with prediabetes recruited between January 1, 2006 and July 31, 2009 who reported sleep duration and completed all 16 classes of the lifestyle intervention consisting of diet, exercise, and behavior modification sessions to promote weight loss.

Medication use and multiple myeloma risk in Los Angeles County.

Background: The role of medication use in multiple myeloma (MM) risk remains unclear.

Methods: The Los Angeles County Multiple Myeloma Case-Control Study, comprising 278 MM cases and individually matched neighborhood controls, provided data to assess associations between medication use and MM risk. Odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression.