Publications by authors named "Daniel Roos"

Article Synopsis
  • The study followed patients with early-stage follicular lymphoma (ESFL) who were treated with involved field radiotherapy (IFRT) alone or combined with chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide/vincristine/prednisolone) and later added rituximab to the treatment, analyzing its effects over an 11.3-year period.* -
  • Results showed that those receiving IFRT plus rituximab (IFRT + R-CVP) had significantly better progression-free survival rates (62% vs. 43%) compared to IFRT alone, even though overall survival rates didn’t differ significantly.* -
  • Additionally, higher expression of the CD8A gene in biopsy samples was associated with improved outcomes, suggesting that immune
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  • The study aimed to assess the use of various palliative radiation therapy techniques across Australia and New Zealand, focusing on the preferences of radiation oncology practitioners.
  • An anonymous online survey was conducted with 146 radiation oncology fellows, revealing that many prefer advanced techniques like stereotactic body radiation therapy for specific cancer cases, though there is considerable variation in practice between Australia and New Zealand.
  • Results showed that New Zealand practitioners are more likely to use basic technologies due to limitations in the availability of advanced options and waiting lists, which impacts patient treatment choices.
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to describe the research productivity among RANZCR Radiation Oncology (RO) trainees.

Methods: Publicly available data on RO fellows, who were awarded the RANZCR fellowship between July 2014 and June 2023, was extracted from the RANZCR Annual Reports. Fellows who had qualified overseas and did not undertake full RANZCR training were excluded.

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  • Cardiac myxoma is a rare, benign tumor usually found in the left atrium, which can lead to serious complications like brain metastases; this report discusses treatment outcomes with radiotherapy for such cases.
  • A 49-year-old woman diagnosed with brain lesions and a cardiac mass underwent surgery, confirming metastatic cardiac myxoma, but experienced progression of her condition that led to whole-brain radiotherapy with a positive outcome.
  • The study concludes that whole-brain radiotherapy can effectively control brain metastases from cardiac myxoma long-term, but emphasizes the need for careful dosing to minimize side effects.
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Background: Isolated pulmonary oligometastases as the first site of dissemination after initial resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PC) is a rare event, and the treatment in this subgroup is challenging. Recurrence in the lung after initial primary tumour resection is associated with the most long-term survivors of patients with metastatic PC. Stereotactic ablative body radiation therapy (SABR) or metastectomy for pulmonary oligometastases from PC is becoming more common.

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Introduction: Fostering a research culture is a key goal of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists, yet there has never been an organization-wide enquiry into the extent to which this is being realized. The purpose of this work was to address that deficit for the Radiation Oncology (RO) Faculty to serve as a baseline for future comparison. The hypothesis was that such a culture is closer to fact than fantasy.

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Background: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is the preferred treatment for vestibular schwannoma (VS) in patients with preserved hearing and tumour diameter < 3 cm. Emerging evidence suggests restricting cochlear dose could preserve hearing. This retrospective replanning study aims to compare dynamic conformal arc therapy (DCAT), intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans for superiority of cochlear dose sparing without compromising tumour coverage.

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Purpose: Despite excellent tumor control after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for vestibular schwannoma (VS), the hearing preservation rate remains unsatisfactorily low. Although many factors have been associated with hearing loss, the dose to cochlea has gained more interest in recent years. However, studies investigating the relation between cochlear dose and hearing outcomes have produced inconsistent results.

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Medulloblastoma in adult patients is a rare condition with limited contemporary demographic and treatment outcome data available in an Australian population. We conducted a retrospective review of patterns of care and outcomes of adult patients diagnosed with medulloblastoma treated at major neuro-oncology centres across Australia between January 2010 and December 2019. A total of 80 patients were identified and the median follow-up after diagnosis was 59.

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Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) of the brain are congenital, high pressure vascular malformations, which are at risk of haemorrhage. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) can obliterate the nidus by delivering a precise high dose of ionising radiation in a single fraction. This paper updates long term AVM obliteration rates, time to obliteration and retreatment outcomes in LINAC delivered SRS treatment at the Royal Adelaide Hospital.

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Purpose: Radiation Oncology (RO) societies which provide research grants from membership dues or charitable donations owe it to their funders to assess value for money, yet very little has been published on the outcomes of such grants. A previous Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists (RANZCR) survey confirmed significant academic impact from their RO grants. The purpose of this work was to update and broaden the survey using, to our knowledge for the first time in the RO literature, the "Payback Framework", a model employed extensively elsewhere in health research.

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Background: Metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) carries a poor prognosis and management is based on the likelihood of maintaining mobility and predicted survival.

Patients And Method: SCORAD is a randomised trial of 686 patients comparing a single dose of 8 Gy radiotherapy with 20 Gy in 5 fractions. Data was split into a training set (412, 60%) and a validation set (274, 40%).

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Introduction: A recent survey found that Rapid Access Palliative Radiation Therapy (RAPRT) clinics have not been widely embraced in Australia and New Zealand for many reasons. The purpose of this narrative is to describe the transition of a Brisbane, Queensland, RAPRT clinic to an Advanced Practice Radiation Therapist (APRT) model to further improve access and delivery of palliative radiation therapy at that centre.

Methods: The weekly RAPRT clinic commenced in 2005, run by one Radiation Oncologist (RO).

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Purpose: First developed in Canada in the 1990s, Rapid Access Palliative Radiation Therapy (RAPRT) clinics have subsequently spread internationally to expedite treatment for near end-of-life patients, sparing them the need for multiple visits to the department. A "classical" RAPRT clinic is herein defined as "a dedicated clinic specifically established to enable (ideally) same day consultation, planning for, and delivery of palliative radiation treatment." The aim of this work was to determine the current status of these clinics in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ).

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Background: This Phase 2 multicentre trial in localised non-gastric marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) evaluated the effectiveness and safety of radiotherapy and documented markers of autoimmunity and Helicobacter pylori infection.

Patients And Methods: Eligible patients had Stages I and II or paired-organ, non-gastric MZL. Bone marrow evaluation, autoantibody panel, and H.

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Uranium (U) mining is an aquatic environmental concern because most of these harmful compounds are discharged into freshwater, reaching the saline environment as the final destination of this contaminated water. Carbonates are present in ocean waters and are essential for benthic organisms, however they may influence the U-induced toxicity. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the toxicity of uranium nitrate (UN) and uranium acetate (UA) in Artemia salina (AS), which is one of the leading representatives of the marine biota.

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Introduction: We surveyed the Australian and New Zealand (ANZ) radiation oncology community to assess their perceptions, understanding and experience of the current role of proton beam therapy (PBT) and the existing referral process to access PBT overseas, ahead of the development of the first PBT centre in Australia.

Methods: The survey was conducted between September and October 2019 using a 17-question instrument, which was distributed by email to all 632 radiation oncology fellows and trainees listed in the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists database.

Results: One hundred and one respondents completed the survey, with an overall response rate of 16%.

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Organic selenium, tellurium and sulfur compounds have been studied due to their pharmacological properties. For instance, the β-aryl-chalcogenium azide compounds have demonstrated antitumoral action in vitro. However, yet no pharmacological actions of this class of compounds were determined in vivo.

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Background: Skin cancer is the most common malignancy that is managed in general practice, and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) comprises the vast majority of presentations. Radiation therapy (RT) plays an important part in the management of NMSC and may be used as definitive treatment for low-risk cancers, as an adjuvant treatment for high-risk disease or alone for inoperable cases.

Objective: The aims of this article are to discuss: 1) types of RT; 2) role of RT, including its advantages and disadvantages; 3) side effects (toxicity) of RT; 4) outcomes from RT; 5) low- versus high-risk NMSCs and 6) some guidelines for general practitioners on when to refer patients for consideration of RT.

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Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) represents the most common form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is characterized by an aggressive natural history. It often presents with rapid symptom development and disease progression. Most lymphomas are inherently radiosensitive, which allows for effective disease control from relatively low radiation doses.

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