Association of Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy With Postoperative Major Morbidity After Oncologic Surgery.

Background: Despite increasing use of immunotherapy in the treatment of various cancer types, understanding of its impact on postoperative complications still is limited. This study aimed to characterize the association between neoadjuvant immunotherapy and surgical outcomes for rectal, colon, anal, esophageal, lung (non-small cell), and oral cavity cancers.

Methods: Using the National Cancer Database (NCDB), the study selected patients ages 18-90 years who underwent non-palliative oncologic surgery between 2010 and 2020.

Applying Social Network Theory to Vaping in High School: Implications for Person-Centered Intervention.

Background: Peer influence on risky behavior is particularly potent in adolescence and varies by gender. Smoking prevention programs focused on peer-group leaders have shown great promise, and a social influence model has proven effective in understanding adult smoking networks but has not been applied to adolescent vaping until 2023. This work aims to apply a social influence model to analyze vaping by gender in a high school network.

Impact of neoadjuvant immunotherapy on postoperative complications after surgery for rectal cancer.

Introduction: Despite the increasing use of immunotherapy in treating various cancer types, there is still limited understanding of its impact on surgical complications. We used a national database to examine the difference in surgical outcomes for rectal cancer patients who received standard neoadjuvant chemoradiation plus neoadjuvant immunotherapy and patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation only.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used the National Cancer Database (NCDB).

Overlapping Surgery Verbiage in Informed Consent Documents.

Objective: To assess informed consent documents from United States (US) institutions for verbiage regarding overlapping surgery.

Summary Background Data: Overlapping surgery remains a controversial practice. Recent guidance from the Senate Finance Committee and American College of Surgeons emphasizes transparency with patients regarding this practice through the informed consent process, but it remains unclear how many institutions adopted their recommendations.

The association between motor and non-motor symptoms in essential tremor patients being evaluated for deep brain stimulation surgery.

Background: Non-motor symptoms, including depression and cognitive impairment, are common in essential tremor (ET), but associations between these symptoms and tremor are poorly understood.

Methods: A retrospective, single-institution, cohort study evaluated 140 patients with ET undergoing evaluation for deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery. The Fahn-Tolosa-Marin (FTM) or Washington Heights-Inwood Genetic Study of ET (WHIGET) scale was used to grade tremor.

A linguistic analysis of dehumanization toward substance use across three decades of news articles.

Introduction: Substances and the people who use them have been dehumanized for decades. As a result, lawmakers and healthcare providers have implemented policies that subjected millions to criminalization, incarceration, and inadequate resources to support health and wellbeing. While there have been recent shifts in public opinion on issues such as legalization, in the case of marijuana in the U.

The Role of Primary Care in Advancing Civic Engagement and Health Equity: A Conceptual Framework.

Unlabelled: Policy Points Health and civic engagement are reciprocally and longitudinally linked: Poor health is associated with less civic engagement. Well-established social drivers of health and health inequality such as inadequate access to health care, poverty, racism, housing instability, and food insecurity are also drivers of lower civic engagement. A robust primary care system can play a key role in advancing civic engagement (e.

Role of the media in promoting the dehumanization of people who use drugs.

Dehumanization, the perception or treatment of people as subhuman, has been recognized as "endemic" in medicine and contributes to the stigmatization of people who use illegal drugs, in particular. As a result of dehumanization, people who use drugs are subject to systematically biased policies, long-lasting stigma, and suboptimal healthcare. One major contributor to the public opinion of drugs and people who use them is the media, whose coverage of these topics consistently uses negative imagery and language.