Differentiation of spindle associated hippocampal HFOs based on a correlation analysis.

High Frequency Oscillations (HFOs) have been described as biomarkers of epileptogenic tissue; however their pathological/physiological classification poses a challenge to their predictive power. For the population of ripples co-occurring with sleep spindles, those ripples improving the antiparallel correlation of ripple-peaks and sleep spindle-troughs were classified as coupled-ripples and the rest as uncoupled-ripples. For the same population of ripples two reference groups called in-SOZ and non-SOZ were formed according to the ripples' location inside or outside the seizure onset zone (SOZ).

Physiological Ripples Associated with Sleep Spindles Differ in Waveform Morphology from Epileptic Ripples.

High frequency oscillations (HFOs, 80-500[Formula: see text]Hz) serve as novel electroencephalography (EEG) markers of epileptic tissue. The differentiation of physiological and epileptic HFO is an important challenge and is complicated by the fact that both types are generated in mesiotemporal structures. This study aimed to identify oscillation features that serve to distinguish physiological ripples associated with sleep spindles and epileptic ripples.