In this longitudinal study, we examined the trajectories of sport and school burnout symptoms (exhaustion, cynicism, inadequacy) during the transition to lower secondary sport school among Norwegian student-athletes aged 13-14 years (n = 265; 58,5% males, 41,5% females). We also investigated how student-athletes' gender and individual success expectations, and their parents' reported levels of affection and success expectations, were associated with different burnout trajectories. Student-athletes completed associated questionnaires at the beginning and end of the first school year, while parents completed questionnaires at the end of the school year.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: While enrollment in swimming lessons is associated with lower drowning risk in children, many parents do not enroll their children in formal lessons. To understand these decisions, the current research investigated the social cognition factors that drive parents' intentions to enroll their children for the first time.
Methods: Using a mixed methods design, beliefs about enrolling one's child in swimming lessons were elicited in a sample of 22 Australian parents.
Background: Health behaviors and motives within family units are likely to be associated with the motives and behaviors of other family members. A potential mechanism for these relations is that parents citing autonomous motives toward physical activity are more likely to support their child's autonomous motivation to be active. The current study tested a model specifying relations between parent autonomous motivation and parent, child, and parent-and-child joint physical activity behavior with parent autonomy-supportive parenting, child-perceived autonomy support, and child autonomous motivation specified as mediators of the autonomous motivation-child physical activity relationship.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCompliance with COVID-19 preventive behaviours together with the urgency to contain the virus underscored the need for rapid yet effective public health massaging. While messages aimed to inform and protect the public, the evolving situation often precluded the use of theoretically-based and empirically-informed approaches. This study aimed to analyse the presence and prevalence of belief-based constructs and strategies known to foster behaviour change embedded within Australian Government communications regarding compliance with QR code check-in behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic using the Theory of Planned Behaviour as a guiding framework.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhysical activity levels among early adolescents and their parents are insufficient for health benefits. Identifying modifiable determinants in parent-child dyads can inform future research and interventions. We tested a partial least squares path model based on the integrated behavior change model in insufficiently active Finnish parent-child dyads (n = 88), including measures of autonomous and controlled motivation, social cognition constructs (attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control), intention, planning, and habits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdherence to dialysis, medication regimens and dietary and fluid intake recommendations can improve quality of life and survival in chronic kidney disease, but non-adherence is prevalent. This review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of behavioral interventions on treatment adherence in chronic kidney disease and examined intervention characteristics (Behavior Change Techniques and delivery methods) associated with direct and indirect measures of adherence. Literature searches in five databases identified 149 eligible studies (255 study arms; 15878 patients).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSchool sport programs for lower secondary school in Finland (i.e., Grades 7-9) show great promise in helping student athletes prepare for careers in both sport and academic pursuits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Psychol Health Well Being
February 2025
Theoretically, self-control can be considered as both a facilitator of habit development and a moderator of whether behavior occurs habitually. However, debate remains on the contexts in which such relationships are likely to occur. The current study tested whether self-control, conceptualized into inhibitory and initiatory facets, would predict healthy behavior via habits or moderate the habit-behavior relationship, and whether these effects differed across complex (bootcamp attendance N = 69, physical activity in pregnant women N = 115) and simple (flossing N = 254) behaviors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Burnout and engagement are pivotal for adolescents' well-being and have received extensive attention in the educational literature. However, less is known about how these factors develop and interact within and between school and sport when adolescent athletes follow dual (school and sport) careers. The aim of this study was to examine the reciprocal relationship between engagement and burnout in school and sport through a cross-lagged analysis of longitudinal associations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrinking alcohol in excess is associated with deleterious health outcomes, highlighting the need for research to identify potentially modifiable correlates of excessive alcohol consumption to target in behavioral interventions. The present two-wave prospective correlational study applied an integrated theoretical model that included theory of planned behavior constructs alongside habit, cue consistency, affective attitudes, and past behavior as predictors of two alcohol-related behaviors, drinking within safe limits and regular alcohol drinking, in separate samples of Australian undergraduate students (total N = 474). Structural equation models identified direct effects of habit, affective attitude, and subjective norms on intention for both behaviors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Psychol Health Well Being
November 2024
The use of e-cigarette or vape devices is a growing concern on an international scale, given the devices' addictive nature and questions regarding their short- and long-term health impacts. Their use is especially an issue in young people, many of whom have little or no previous nicotine use experience. This study tested an integrated dual process model in 363 young Australian undergraduates where prospectively measured e-cigarette use was predicted by the psychological constructs of the theory of planned behavior, supplemented with risk perception, e-cigarette dependence, habit, and implicit attitude.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBehavior performed in the presence of consistent cues is a core element for successful habit development, with the repeated presence of consistent cues facilitating the activation of automatic responses in future. Yet, little is known about the effects of different cue types on habit. Using a two-wave prospective PLS-SEM model with a sample of 68 undergraduate students, we assessed the mediating effects of habit on the past-behavior-to-physical-activity relationship, and how the mediating effects of habit were moderated by the consistent presence of different forms of cues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open Sport Exerc Med
May 2024
Objectives: The Norwegian sport school system offers a method for helping young dual-career athletes achieve their best both in academia and sports. However, there remains a concern that pursuing dual careers at a young age may leave some student-athletes vulnerable to poor mental health outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between gender, grade, and sport type and problematic scores on school burn-out, sport burn-out, self-esteem and psychological distress in student-athletes within a sample of Norwegian lower secondary schools.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIssue Addressed: The implementation of quick response (QR) code check-in compliance behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic featured in infection control strategies in several global jurisdictions, but was of particular interest in the Australian context, where it became mandated on a nationwide scale. We aimed to identify the salient beliefs people hold toward complying with the QR code check-in using a Theory of Planned Behaviour belief-based framework.
Methods: An elicitation study using open-ended questions (Queensland; N = 93, M = 4.
Background: Low levels of physical activity are associated with numerous adverse health outcomes, yet sedentary lifestyles are common among both children and adults. Physical activity levels tend to decline steeply among children aged between 8 and 12 years, even though children's behavioral patterns are largely governed by familial structures. Similarly, parents' activity levels have been generally reported as lower than those of nonparents of comparable age.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Container deposit schemes are often hailed as a useful avenue to increase consumer recycling rates. Yet, there is little research investigating within-person changes in people's beliefs and behavior following the implementation of these schemes, or tests of the mechanisms by which such change has occurred.
Methods: The current study fills this knowledge gap and assessed container recycling behavior and habits as well as the social cognition factors of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intentions in a sample of 90 Queenslanders before the implementation of the container deposit scheme and one and three months post-implementation.
Importance: Physical activity is associated with the risk for cognitive decline, but much of the evidence in this domain comes from studies with short follow-ups, which is prone to reverse causation bias.
Objective: To examine how length of follow-up, baseline age, physical activity amount, and study quality modify the longitudinal associations of physical activity with cognition.
Data Sources: Observational studies of adults with a prospective follow-up of at least 1 year, a valid baseline cognitive measure or midlife cohort, and an estimate of the association of baseline physical activity and follow-up cognition were sought from PsycInfo, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and PubMed, with the final search conducted on November 2, 2022.
In Australia, checking in while entering venues was a legal requirement during the COVID-19 pandemic to track potential infection sites. This two-wave correlational study used an integrated theory of planned behavior model including moral norms, anticipated regret, and habit to predict check-in compliance in a sample of 181 Victorians (Mean Age = 41.88, 56.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDual process theories postulate that behaviour is the product of two distinct cognitive systems, the automatic and reflective, and that congruence/divergence between the two types of cognitions can influence the predictive strength of either system on behaviour. However, the congruence/divergence hypothesis has yet to experience strong empirical support. The aim of this study was to test a novel dual process model to determine the moderating effect of affect divergence on the relationship between automatic affective evaluations-affective judgements, and physical activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: High levels of sugar intake are associated with multiple maladaptive health outcomes in adult and younger populations. Identifying the psychological determinants of sugar intake in adolescents, and the processes involved, may help identify potentially modifiable targets and inform intervention development. We tested the predictions of an extended theoretical model based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), which specified social cognition constructs, habit, and self-control as correlates of sugar intake in an adolescent sample.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of arbitrary stimulus selection is a persistent concern when employing implicit measures. The current study tests a data-driven multi-step procedure to create stimulus items using a combination of free-recall and survey data. Six sets of stimulus items were created, representing healthy food and high sugar items in children, adolescents, and adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe current study assessed cross-lagged relationships between binge drinking, implicit beliefs, and habit in undergraduate university students ( = 105). Students completed self-report survey and implicit measures in lab visits 3 months apart. A structural equation model revealed cross-lagged relations between habit and behavior, and some evidence for a reciprocal relationship between implicit beliefs and habit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Psychol Health Well Being
November 2023
Regular physical activity is an important health promoting behavior. Yet, many adults live sedentary lifestyles, especially during their workday. The current study applies an extended theory of planned behavior model, incorporating affective attitudes and instrumental attitudes, along with habit, to predict limiting sedentary behavior and physical activity within an office environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethods Mol Biol
February 2023
The ability to conduct spatially controlled RNA interference (RNAi) for gene knockdown using the UAS/Gal4 system is among the most appealing techniques available for analysis of gene function in the Drosophila ovary. While gene knockdown experiments in somatic cells in the developing organism (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough the relationship between autonomous motivation and impulsive processes has been acknowledged in the context of physical activity, the directionality of this relationship is not clearly understood. The COVID-19 pandemic provides a unique opportunity to investigate such relationships due to the fact that contextual changes brought about by government restrictions (e.g.
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