Eating Decisions Based on Alertness Levels After a Single Night of Sleep Manipulation: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Study Objectives: To determine the relationship between an ecologically-relevant change in sleep behavior and its subsequent effects on daytime alertness and feeding behavior.

Methods: Fifty healthy, young participants (10 male, 40 female) completed two 3-hour study sessions that were at least five days apart. The first session was a baseline evaluation.

Plasma total ghrelin and leptin levels in human narcolepsy and matched healthy controls: basal concentrations and response to sodium oxybate.

Study Objectives: Narcolepsy is caused by a selective loss of hypocretin neurons and is associated with obesity. Ghrelin and leptin interact with hypocretin neurons to influence energy homeostasis. Here, we evaluated whether human hypocretin deficiency, or the narcolepsy therapeutic agent sodium oxybate, alter the levels of these hormones.

The nightly use of sodium oxybate is associated with a reduction in nocturnal sleep disruption: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study in patients with narcolepsy.

Objective: To further explore the effects of sodium oxybate (SXB) administration on nocturnal sleep in narcolepsy patients during a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study conducted with 228 adult patients with narcolepsy/cataplexy in the United States, Canada, and Europe.

Method: Patients were withdrawn from antidepressants and sedative/hypnotics, and then randomized to receive 4.5, 6, or 9 g SXB or placebo nightly for 8 weeks.

The nightly administration of sodium oxybate results in significant reduction in the nocturnal sleep disruption of patients with narcolepsy.

Background: Previous studies indicate that nightly sodium oxybate administration reduces nocturnal sleep disruption in narcolepsy. The present study provided an opportunity to further characterize these sleep-related effects in patients with narcolepsy during treatment with sodium oxybate as monotherapy or in combination with modafinil.

Methods: This double-blind, placebo-controlled study enrolled 278 patients with narcolepsy taking modafinil 200-600 mg daily for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS).

Illicit gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and pharmaceutical sodium oxybate (Xyrem): differences in characteristics and misuse.

There are distinct differences in the accessibility, purity, dosing, and misuse associated with illicit gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) compared to pharmaceutical sodium oxybate. Gamma-hydroxybutyrate sodium and sodium oxybate are the chemical and drug names, respectively, for the pharmaceutical product Xyrem (sodium oxybate) oral solution. However, the acronym GHB is also used to refer to illicit formulations that are used for non-medical purposes.

Sodium oxybate for excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson disease: an open-label polysomnographic study.

Background: Many patients with Parkinson disease (PD) have excessive daytime sleepiness and numerous nocturnal sleep abnormalities.

Objective: To determine the safety and efficacy of the controlled drug sodium oxybate in a multicenter, open-label, polysomnographic study in subjects with PD and sleep disorders. Design, Setting, and Patients Inclusion required an Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score greater than 10 and any subjective nocturnal sleep concern, usually insomnia.

gamma-Hydroxybutyrate/sodium oxybate: neurobiology, and impact on sleep and wakefulness.

gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is an endogenous short chain fatty acid and a, mostly oral, pharmacological compound that has been utilised in a variety of ways. Endogenously, GHB is synthesised locally within the CNS, mostly from its parent compound GABA. Sodium oxybate is the sodium salt of GHB and is used for the exogenous oral administration of GHB.