In Vivo Investigation of the Biostimulatory and Rejuvenating Effects of Small-Particle Cross-linked Hyaluronic Acid Injections in Photoaged Human Skin.

Background: Injection of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (CLHA) has been traditionally utilized to treat wrinkles and provide volume. Recent studies have also shown that intradermal placement of CLHA provides lasting secondary effects and may be a useful method for improving skin appearance and physiology.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the biostimulatory effects and potential underlying mechanisms induced by repeated intradermal microinjections of small-particle cross-linked hyaluronic acid (SPCLHA) for skin rejuvenation.

Chin Microgenia: An Anthropometric Analysis on the Prevalence and Severity in a Chinese Population.

Background: The chin is an important component of facial harmony, and deficient chins are associated with unattractiveness. Previous studies have reported microgenia as the most common subtype of chin deformities.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and severity of microgenia in a Chinese population through facial anthropometric analysis.

A Retrospective Study of Chinese-Specific Glabellar Contraction Patterns.

Background: Botulinum toxin has been widely accepted as safe and effective for the treatment of glabellar lines, and previous studies have classified glabellar contraction patterns into 5 categories.

Objective: To classify the glabellar contraction patterns among a large-scale Chinese population and provide a reference for injections in Chinese patients.

Methods: Four hundred eighty-nine Chinese subjects who received botulinum toxin for the treatment of glabellar lines were selected for a retrospective photographic analysis of their glabellar contraction patterns.