SAIL study of stroke, systemic embolism and bleeding outcomes with warfarin anticoagulation in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (S-BOW-AF).

Aims: In patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) prescribed warfarin, the association between guideline defined international normalised ratio (INR) control and adverse outcomes in unknown. We aimed to (i) determine stroke and systemic embolism (SSE) and bleeding events in NVAF patients prescribed warfarin; and (ii) estimate the increased risk of these adverse events associated with poor INR control in this population.

Methods And Results: Individual-level population-scale linked patient data were used to investigate the association between INR control and both SSE and bleeding events using (i) the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) criteria of poor INR control [time in therapeutic range (TTR) <65%, two INRs <1.

Force-deflection comparison of superelastic nickel-titanium archwires.

This in vitro study compared the force-deflection behavior of 6 superelastic nickel-titanium orthodontic archwires (0.016 x 0.022 in) under controlled moment and temperature.