Shifting from education to learning: Leadership learning framework.

This article provides an overview of the leadership learning framework (LLF) and insight into how this framework was developed. The shift from focusing on teaching to the learning of leadership to developing programs in both curricular and co-curricular spaces is amplified in this model. The six aspects of the LLF are discussed using a steering wheel as a metaphor.

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for specific and rapid detection of Dickeya fangzhongdai targeting a unique genomic region.

Dickeya fangzhongdai, a bacterial pathogen of taro (Colocasia esculenta), onion (Allium sp.), and several species in the orchid family (Orchidaceae) causes soft rot and bleeding canker diseases. No field-deployable diagnostic tool is available for specific detection of this pathogen in different plant tissues.

Getting your leadership game on in virtual environments.

This chapter explores strategies for using virtual games in leadership education. Pedagogical practices, examples, and connections to leadership learning frameworks, learning goals, and competencies are also included. Implications for practice such as intentional design, pairing with other instructional strategies, and debriefing are also discussed with an emphasis on purposeful utilization.

Real-time optical analysis of a colorimetric LAMP assay for SARS-CoV-2 in saliva with a handheld instrument improves accuracy compared with endpoint assessment.

Controlling the course of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic will require widespread deployment of consistent and accurate diagnostic testing of the novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Ideally, tests should detect a minimum viral load, be minimally invasive, and provide a rapid and simple readout. Current Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved RT-qPCR-based standard diagnostic approaches require invasive nasopharyngeal swabs and involve laboratory-based analyses that can delay results.

Chemical stabilization of dispersed Escherichia coli for enhanced recovery with a handheld electroflotation system and detection by Loop-mediated Isothermal AMPlification.

Constraints related to sample preparation are some of the primary obstacles to widespread deployment of molecular diagnostics for rapid detection of trace quantities (≤103 CFU/mL) of food-borne pathogens. In this research, we report a sample preparation method using a novel handheld electroflotation system to concentrate and recover dilute quantities (102-103 CFU/mL) of Escherichia coli (E. coli) 25922 in artificially contaminated samples for reliable, rapid detection by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP).

What Do We Know About Formal Leadership Courses and Their Effects?

In this chapter, the authors review and critique the existing evidence supporting current leadership education pedagogical practices and their effects on student leadership development. They conclude with a series of suggestions for increasing deliberate practices in formal courses designed to improve leadership education.

Followership Education for Postsecondary Students.

Many universities offer one or more courses on leadership that include followership as a topic. A few have offered a complete course on followership. However, there is little information on postsecondary followership training.

SNAPS: Sensor Analytics Point Solutions for Detection and Decision Support Systems.

In this review, we discuss the role of sensor analytics point solutions (SNAPS), a reduced complexity machine-assisted decision support tool. We summarize the approaches used for mobile phone-based chemical/biological sensors, including general hardware and software requirements for signal transduction and acquisition. We introduce SNAPS, part of a platform approach to converge sensor data and analytics.

ABE-VIEW: Android Interface for Wireless Data Acquisition and Control.

Advances in scientific knowledge are increasingly supported by a growing community of developers freely sharing new hardware and software tools. In this spirit we have developed a free Android app, ABE-VIEW, that provides a flexible graphical user interface (GUI) populated entirely from a remote instrument by ascii-coded instructions communicated wirelessly over Bluetooth. Options include an interactive chart for plotting data in real time, up to 16 data fields, and virtual controls including buttons, numerical controls with user-defined range and resolution, and radio buttons which the user can use to send coded instructions back to the instrument.

Aligning Instructional Strategies with Learning Outcomes and Leadership Competencies.

This chapter provides recommendations for aligning instructional strategies with learning outcomes and leadership competencies to foster intentional student leadership development.

Real-time duplex applications of loop-mediated AMPlification (LAMP) by assimilating probes.

Isothermal nucleic-acid amplification methods such as Loop-Mediated isothermal AMPlification (LAMP) are increasingly appealing alternatives to PCR for use in portable diagnostic system due to the low cost, weight, and power requirements of the instrumentation. As such, interest in developing new probes and other functionality based on the LAMP reaction has been intense. Here, we report on the development of duplexed LAMP assays for pathogen detection using spectrally unique Assimilating Probes.

Phylogeny and classification of Dickeya based on multilocus sequence analysis.

Bacterial heart rot of pineapple reported in Hawaii in 2003 and reoccurring in 2006 was caused by an undetermined species of Dickeya. Classification of the bacterial strains isolated from infected pineapple to one of the recognized Dickeya species and their phylogenetic relationships with Dickeya were determined by a multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA), based on the partial gene sequences of dnaA, dnaJ, dnaX, gyrB and recN. Individual and concatenated gene phylogenies revealed that the strains form a clade with reference Dickeya sp.

Loop-mediated amplification of the Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis micA gene is highly specific.

Loop-mediated amplification (LAMP) was used to specifically identify Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, causal agent of bacterial canker of tomato. LAMP primers were developed to detect micA, a chromosomally stable gene that encodes a type II lantibiotic, michiganin A, which inhibits growth of other C.

Molecular diagnostics in a teacup: Non-Instrumented Nucleic Acid Amplification (NINA) for rapid, low cost detection of .

We report on the use of a novel non-instrumented platform to enable a Loop Mediated isothermal Amplification (LAMP) based assay for . Heat energy is provided by addition of a small amount (<150 g) of boiling water, and the reaction temperature is regulated by storing latent energy at the melting temperature of a lipid-based engineered phase change material. Endpoint classification of the reaction is achieved without opening the reaction tube by observing the fluorescence of sequence-specific FRET-based assimilating probes with a simple handheld fluorometer.

Handheld device for real-time, quantitative, LAMP-based detection of Salmonella enterica using assimilating probes.

A simple handheld instrument was designed to enable real-time detection of the LAMP reaction in a standard PCR tube using newly described assimilating probes as sequence-specific reporter molecules. The system was validated using DNA isolated from Salmonella enterica, demonstrating accurate temperature control with little power and little overshoot of setpoint temperatures, with rapid and accurate detection often in less than 30 min and within 20 min for reactions with high (>10(5)) genome copy numbers. The system could be used for quantitative determination of pathogen DNA, with a limit of detection of about 15 genome copies in purified DNA or 25 cells in DNA extracts from chicken rinsate--comparable to values obtained when running the same reaction on a commercial benchtop real-time PCR instrument.

Rapid concentration of bacteria using submicron magnetic anion exchangers for improving PCR-based multiplex pathogen detection.

Rapid concentration of bacterial targets from dilute solutions to improve subsequent PCR detection is investigated in this study. Submicron (average size 500nm) superparamagnetic anion-exchangers (SiMAG-DEAE) were used successfully to concentrate target bacteria from very dilute solutions. A mass-balance model predicted that for Escherichia coli, the extent of cell concentrating increases almost linearly with increasing sample/SiMAG volume ratio up to about 2000, accompanied by only a slight decrease in the capture efficiency (<10%).

Non-Instrumented Nucleic Acid Amplification (NINA) for Rapid Detection of Race 3 Biovar 2.

We report on the use of a non-instrumented device for the implementation of a loop-mediated amplification (LAMP) based assay for the select-agent bacterial-wilt pathogen race 3 biovar 2. Heat energy is generated within the device by the exothermic hydration of calcium oxide, and the reaction temperature is regulated by storing latent energy at the melting temperature of a renewable lipid-based engineered phase-change material. Endpoint detection of the LAMP reaction is achieved without opening the reaction tube by observing the fluorescence of an innovative FRET-based hybridization probe with a simple custom fluorometer.

Detection of Ralstonia solanacearum in natural substrates using phage amplification integrated with real-time PCR assay.

A sensitive, selective, and rapid protocol for detecting Ralstonia solanacearum from soil and plant tissues was developed based on the integration of the rapid self-replicating ability of bacteriophages with quantitative PCR (q-PCR). Six bacteriophages were isolated and selected for their ability to specifically infect and lyse R. solanacearum.

Simultaneous determination of hydrolysis and mutarotation rates during the enzymatic hydrolysis of lactose.

An experiment is described in which a custom-made glucose electrode is used to directly monitor the enzymatic hydrolysis of lactose to glucose. The transient profile of beta- d-glucose can be used to simultaneously determine the rate constants for mutarotation and for enzymatic hydrolysis by applying a dynamic nonlinear regression routine. Due to differences in the mutarotation rate constants between lactose and glucose, the beta- d-glucose concentration "overshoots" equilibrium under certain conditions, which can be modeled mathematically.

Hybridization probe for femtomolar quantification of selected nucleic acid sequences on a disposable electrode.

Mixed monolayers of electroactive hybridization probes on gold surfaces of a disposable electrode were investigated as a technology for simple, sensitive, selective, and rapid gene identification. Hybridization to the ferrocene-labeled hairpin probes reproducibly diminished cyclic redox currents, presumably due to a displacement of the label from the electrode. Observed peak current densities were roughly 1000x greater than those observed in previous studies, such that results could easily be interpreted without the use of algorithms to correct for background polarization currents.

An immersible manometric sensor for measurement of humidity and enzyme mediated changes in dissolved gas.

An immersible manometric sensor was made by covering the gaseous cavity of a pressure transducer with a 1 microm controlled pore membrane. Transfer of gas across the membrane allowed the pressure transducer to record changes in humidity or dissolved gas when immersed in solution. By immersing the sensor in distilled water, atmospheric humidity could be estimated by the deficit of atmospheric vapor pressure from saturation.

Adaptation of a manometric biosensor to measure glucose and lactose.

A manometric sensor previously developed to measure urea was modified to measure glucose and lactose through enzymatic oxidation. Change in pressure in an enclosed cavity was correlated to the depletion of oxygen resulting from the enzymatic oxidation of glucose or lactose. The response of the sensor was linear and could be made adjustable over a large range by adjusting the amount of sample loaded into the fixed volume reactor.

Manometric biosensor for on-line measurement of milk urea.

Performance of a prototype sensor for on-line measurement of urea in milk during milking was evaluated. The sensor was based on a manometric assay of the carbon dioxide generated by the enzymatic hydrolysis of urea. Temperature compensation of the sensor was described briefly, and was shown to be effective.