Does the Intersectionality of Race/Ethnicity and Type 2 Diabetes Increase the Odds of a Cervical Cancer Diagnosis? A Nested Case-Control Study of a Florida Statewide Multisite EHR Database.

Cervical cancer and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) share common demographic risk factors. Despite this, scarce research has examined the relationship between race/ethnicity, having T2D, and cervical cancer incidence. We analyzed statewide electronic health records data between 2012 and 2019 from the OneFlorida+ Data Trust.

Metacarpal shaft fixation: a biomechanical comparison of dorsal plating, lag screws, and headless compression screws.

Background: Metacarpal shaft fractures are common and can be treated nonoperatively. Shortening, angulation, and rotational deformity are indications for surgical treatment. Various forms of treatment with advantages and disadvantages have been documented.

Contributions of US Medical Schools to Primary Care (2003-2014): Determining and Predicting Who Really Goes Into Primary Care.

Background And Objectives: Schools of medicine in the United States may overstate the placement of their graduates in primary care. The purpose of this project was to determine the magnitude by which primary care output is overestimated by commonly used metrics and identify a more accurate method for predicting actual primary care output.

Methods: We used a retrospective cohort study with a convenience sample of graduates from US medical schools granting the MD degree.

Prematurity and race account for much of the interstate variation in infant mortality rates in the United States.

Objective: To assess the correlation between infant mortality and extreme prematurity by state.

Study Design: This ecological study included data on 28,526,534 infants from 2007 to 2013 in all 50 US states and DC using CDC WONDER linked birth and infant death records. Regression analyses determined the correlation between infant and neonatal mortality rates and the proportion of extremely preterm, extremely low birth weight, and black births by state.

High Clinical Failure Rate After Latissimus Dorsi Transfer for Revision Massive Rotator Cuff Tears.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical success rate, along with risk factors for failure, in patients undergoing latissimus dorsi transfer for the treatment of massive, irreparable, previously failed rotator cuff tears.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of prospectively collected data from an institutional shoulder outcome registry. All patients who underwent latissimus dorsi transfer for previously failed rotator cuff repair between 2006 and 2013 with a minimum follow-up period of 1 year were included in the study.

Headless Compression Screw Versus Kirschner Wire Fixation for Metacarpal Neck Fractures: A Biomechanical Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the biomechanical stability of headless compression screws in the fixation of metacarpal neck fractures and to compare them with another common, less invasive form of fixation, K-wires. The hypothesis was that headless compression screws would show higher stiffness and peak load to failure than K-wire fixation.

Methods: Eight matched-paired hands (n = 31), using the ring and little finger metacarpals, had metacarpal fractures simulated at the physeal scar.

Thumb collateral ligament injuries in the athlete.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to identify current principles in the diagnosis and treatment of collateral ligament injuries of the thumb in the athlete.

Recent Findings: Cadaver studies have clearly identified the ulnar and radial collateral ligaments origin and insertion footprints for repair or reconstruction. Ulnar and radial collateral ligament injuries are common in athletics.

Sports-related wrist and hand injuries: a review.

Background: Hand and wrist injuries are common during athletics and can have a significant impact especially if initially disregarded. Due to their high level of physical demand, athletes represent a unique subset of the population.

Main Body: The following is an overview of hand and wrist injuries commonly seen in athletics.

Smoking in Rural and Underserved Pregnant Women.

This article reviews the persistent problem of smoking, especially as it relates to the rural and underserved population. The negative effects of smoking and disparities in health that occur as a result are highlighted. The article reviews the general state of smoking in the United States and discusses health-related issues and concerns of individuals who continue to smoke.

The effect of anesthesia type on nonsurgical operating room time.

Purpose: To determine the effect of local-only anesthesia on nonsurgical time compared with monitored anesthesia care (MAC)/local and general anesthesia. Our hypothesis was that local-only anesthesia cases would have lower nonsurgical times compared with MAC/local and general anesthesia.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the surgical records of 1,179 patients undergoing elective hand surgery.

Ulnar collateral ligament injuries of the thumb: a comprehensive review.

Injuries to the thumb ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) are common. Failure to address the ensuing laxity of the metacarpophalangeal joint can lead to compromised grip and pinch, pain, and ultimately osteoarthritis. Instability to valgus stress with the lack of a firm end point is a strong indicator of complete rupture of the UCL.

Surgeon-rated visualization in shoulder arthroscopy: a randomized blinded controlled trial comparing irrigation fluid with and without epinephrine.

Purpose: The objective of the current study was to compare surgeon-rated visualization in shoulder arthroscopy using irrigation fluid with and without epinephrine.

Methods: Eighty-three patients were randomized to receive irrigation fluid with (44 patients) or without (39 patients) epinephrine during their arthroscopic shoulder procedures. After each procedure, the blinded senior author (G.

Pectoralis major rupture in a 49-year-old woman.

Pectoralis major ruptures have been increasing in incidence over the past decade, most likely attributable to physical activities, such as sports and weight training. Men account for the vast majority of cases with elderly women making up the remaining small percentage. In this case report, we describe a pectoralis major rupture in a middle-aged woman that has never been documented and provide a brief review of the literature.

The economic impact of rural family physicians practicing obstetrics.

Background: The economic impact of a family physician practicing family medicine in rural Alabama is $1,000,000 a year in economic benefit to the community. The economic benefit of those rural family physicians practicing obstetrics has not been studied. This study was designed to determine whether there was any added economic benefit of rural family physicians practicing obstetrics in rural, underserved Alabama.

Distal radial traction radiographs: interobserver and intraobserver reliability compared with computed tomography.

Background: Distal radial fracture characterization with standard radiographs has been consistently poor, leading to a widespread use of computed tomography (CT) with this injury. Traction radiographs have recently been shown to improve interobserver reliability for fracture characterization and treatment. Our goal was to compare five traction radiographs and CT images to evaluate the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of individual fracture fragment identification, the correct identification of fracture fragments on CT imaging compared with traction images, and the consistency of treatment recommendations.

The efficiency of a dedicated staff on operating room turnover time in hand surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of orthopedic and nonorthopedic operating room (OR) staff on the efficiency of turnover time in a hand surgery practice.

Methods: A total of 621 sequential hand surgery cases were retrospectively reviewed. Turnover times for sequential cases were calculated and analyzed with regard to the characteristics of the OR staff being primarily orthopedic or nonorthopedic.

Traumatic obturator hip dislocation in a 9-year-old boy.

Traumatic hip dislocation is a rare but potentially devastating injury in a child. Although most hip dislocations are posterior, other variants have been described. An anterior dislocation in the pediatric population is uncommon and, to our knowledge, this is the first case of anterior-inferior (obturator) dislocation (ie, the femoral head lies in the obturator foramen), to be reported in the English-language literature.

Admission factors predicting family medicine specialty choice: a literature review and exploratory study among students in the Rural Medical Scholars Program.

Purpose: The Rural Medical Scholars Program (RMSP) was created to increase production of rural family physicians in Alabama. Literature review reveals reasons medical students choose careers in family medicine, and these reasons can be categorized into domains that medical schools can address through admission, curriculum, and structural interventions. We examine whether admission factors can predict family medicine specialty choice among students recruited from rural Alabama.