Prevalence and profile of cognitive impairment in adult glioma: a sensitivity analysis.

Cognitive impairment has been reported in 27-83 % of adults with World Health Organization (WHO) grade I-III glioma. However, the few studies in this field used different methods for cognitive assessment. The objective of the present study was to establish the prevalence of cognitive impairment in patients with WHO grade I-III primary brain tumors and determine the effect sizes of a comprehensive battery of tests.

Microsurgical anatomy of the Adamkiewicz artery-anterior spinal artery junction.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to describe the anterior spinal artery-Adamkiewicz artery (ASA-AKA) junction and establish a classification allowing defining the neurological risk in either thoracoabdominal aorta aneurysm treatment and in anterior or transforaminal thoracolumbar spine surgery.

Methods: Fifteen spinal cords of fresh cadavers were dissected. Both lumbar arteries and ASA were injected with strongly diluted red-colored silicon.

Microsurgical Anatomy of the Labyrinthine Artery and Clinical Relevance.

Aim: To describe the origin, the course, and relationships of the labyrinthine artery (LA).

Material And Methods: Thanks to a colored silicone mix preparation, ten cranial bases were examined using x3 to x40 magnification under surgical microscope.

Results: The LA often arose from the meatal loop of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) (90%), or basilar artery (10%).

Frameless robotic stereotactic biopsies: a consecutive series of 100 cases.

Object: Stereotactic biopsy procedures are an everyday part of neurosurgery. The procedure provides an accurate histological diagnosis with the least possible morbidity. Robotic stereotactic biopsy needs to be an accurate, safe, frameless, and rapid technique.

The impact of the reference imaging modality, registration method and intraoperative flat-panel computed tomography on the accuracy of the ROSA® stereotactic robot.

Objective: To establish the impact of the imaging modality, registration method and use of intraoperative computed tomography (CT) scan on the accuracy of the ROSA® stereotactic robot.

Methods: Using a dedicated phantom device, we measured the accuracy of the stereotactic robot for 20 targets as a function of the registration method (frameless, FL, or frame-based, FB) and the reference imaging modality (3T magnetic resonance imaging, MRI, CT scanner or flat-panel CT, fpCT). We performed a retrospective study of the accuracy of the first 26 FB and 31 FL robotized stereotactic surgeries performed in our department.

High-resolution 3-dimensional T2*-weighted angiography (HR 3-D SWAN): an optimized 3-T magnetic resonance imaging sequence for targeting the subthalamic nucleus.

Background: Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is an established treatment for Parkinson's disease.

Objective: To characterize an optimized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence (high-resolution 3-dimensional T2*-weighted angiography [HR 3-D SWAN]) for direct STN targeting.

Methods: Sequence distortions were measured using the Leksell stereotactic phantom.

The inter-optic course of a unique precommunicating anterior cerebral artery with aberrant origin of an ophthalmic artery: an anatomic case report.

Background And Importance: Some variations of the cerebral arterial circle of Willis, such as an inter-optic course of the anterior cerebral artery are exceedingly rare. Imaging of very rare anatomical features may be of interest.

Clinical Presentation: In a 67-year-old male individual, the unique precommunicating part of the left anterior cerebral artery was found to course between both optic nerves.

Anatomy and surgical landmarks for the ansa pectoralis: application to pectoralis major nerve selective neurotomy.

Background: Ansa pectoralis neurotomy is a surgical approach in the treatment of the pectoralis major muscle spasticity causing an attitude in adduction and internal rotation of the shoulder.

Objective: To establish the anatomical landmarks allowing an easier localisation of the ansa pectoralis during neurotomy.

Material And Methods: Fifteen adult human cadavers (10 embalmed and 5 fresh) were dissected in order to determine anatomical landmarks allowing an easier localization of the ansa pectoralis during neurotomy.

An unusual intraventricular interthalamic vein: two anatomical case reports.

Neurosurgeons use ventricular veins during an endoscopic third ventriculocisternostomy as landmark to progress in ventricles. In the current literature, there is lack of detailed intraventricular venous anatomy. Majority of those papers treats Monro's foramen venous variations.

Functional consequences of a section of the anterior part of the body of the corpus callosum: evidence from an interhemispheric transcallosal approach.

The aim of this study was to determine the neuropsychological consequences of a middle interhemispheric approach for the removal of tumors of the third or lateral ventricles. A retrospective analysis of eight callosotomized patients for ventricular tumors (three males/five females; mean age: 48.7 ± 11.

Bilateral abducens paralysis revealing bipartite spheno-occipital synchondrosis fracture in a child: case based update.

Background: After reviewing the literature about sella turcica and spheno-occipital synchondrosis fracture, we present the case of a 6-year-old girl who suffered complex sphenoid bone fracture produced by an indirect mechanism.

Methods: The girl fell from her height after a blunt head injury due to a falling lamppost.

Results: Computer tomography (CT) scan showed occipital, sellar and clival fractures with pneumatocephalus.

Microsurgical anatomy of distal medial striate artery (recurrent artery of Heubner).

Introduction: In literature, many controversies exist about courses and terminology of the distal medial striate artery (DMSA) or recurrent artery first described by Heubner near 1872. The purpose of this study was to define the accurate anatomy of this artery, to help the practitioners during surgery of the anterior cerebral-anterior communicating arteries (ACA-ACoA) complex.

Materials And Methods: 20 cranial bases were examined using magnification of the surgical microscope.

Microsurgical anatomy of the anterior commissure: correlations with diffusion tensor imaging fiber tracking and clinical relevance.

Background: Detailed anatomy of the anterior commissure is unknown in the literature.

Objective: To describe the anterior commissure with the use of a fiber dissection technique by focusing on the morphology (length and breadth of the 2 portions), the course, and the relations with neighboring fasciculi, particularly in the temporal stem.

Methods: We dissected 8 previously frozen, formalin-fixed human brains under the operating microscope using the fiber dissection described by Klingler.

A phase-contrast MRI study of acute and chronic hydrodynamic alterations after hydrocephalus induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective: To determine acute intracranial hydrodynamic changes after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) via phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI) analysis of the CSF stroke volume in the aqueduct (SVaq) and the foramen magnum (SVfm).

Methods: A prospective PC-MRI study was performed on 34 SAH patients in the acute and late phase. Data on CSF flow and hemorrhage site were analyzed according to acute or chronic hydrocephalus (HC).

Microsurgical anatomy of the medial tentorial artery of Bernasconi-Cassinari.

Objective: In the current literature, there is a lack of detailed map of the origin, course and relationships of the medial tentorial artery (MTA) of Bernasconi-Cassinari often implicated in various diseases such as dural arteriovenous fistulas of the cranial base, stenotic lesions of the ICA, saccular infraclinoid intracavernous aneurysms and tentorial meningiomas.

Methods: Using a colored silicone mix preparation, ten cranial bases were examined using ×3 to ×40 magnification of the surgical microscope.

Results: The MTA arose as a single branch in 95% of cases from the MHT at the level of the C4 segment of the internal carotid artery.

Percutaneous vertebroplasty for pain management in malignant fractures of the spine with epidural involvement.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PV) in the treatment of pathologic fractures owing to malignancy with epidural involvement, with or without neurologic symptoms of spinal cord or cauda equina compression.

Materials And Methods: This study was approved by the local ethics committee; informed consent was obtained from all patients. This retrospective review was performed for 51 consecutive patients with metastatic disease or multiple myeloma treated by means of vertebroplasty, who presented with at least one vertebral lesion with epidural involvement, with or without clinical symptoms of spinal cord or cauda equina compression.

[Contribution of phase-contrast MRI to the management of patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus: Can it predict response to shunting?].

The diagnosis and management of patients with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) remain somewhat controversial and there is no clear guideline for assessing the post-shunt outcome. The objective of this study was to investigate whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow dynamics is linked to post-shunt improvement. Fourteen NPH patients (nine males and five females; mean age, 68 years) investigated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before surgical diversion of CSF were retrospectively reviewed.

Effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation on four types of pressure-programmable valves.

Background: Exposure to powerful magnetic fields may alter the settings of programmable ventriculoperitoneal shunt valves or even cause permanent damage to these devices. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and magnetic resonance imaging both generate a high-intensity, focal magnetic field. To the best of our knowledge, there is no literature data on the compatibility of TMS with neurosurgical implants.

Microsurgical anatomy of the temporal stem: clinical relevance and correlations with diffusion tensor imaging fiber tracking.

Object: The authors used a fiber dissection technique to describe the temporal stem and explain the tendency of malignant tumors to spread within both the frontal and temporal lobes. The authors focused on the morphological characteristics and course of various fasciculi of the temporal stem, including the uncinate fascicle, occipitofrontal fascicle, anterior commissure, loop of the optic radiations (Meyer loop), and the ansa peduncularis.

Methods: Eight previously frozen, formalin-fixed human brains were dissected under an operating microscope using the fiber dissection technique described by Klingler.

Microsurgical anatomy of the ventral callosal radiations: new destination, correlations with diffusion tensor imaging fiber-tracking, and clinical relevance.

Object: In the current literature, there is a lack of a detailed map of the origin, course, and connections of the ventral callosal radiations of the human brain.

Methods: The authors used an older dissection technique based on a freezing process as well as diffusion tensor imaging to investigate this area of the human brain.

Results: The authors demonstrated interconnections between areas 11, 12, and 25 for the callosal radiations of the trunk and rostrum of the corpus callosum; between areas 9, 10, and 32 for the genu; and between areas 6, 8, and 9 for the ventral third of the body.

Adrenal gland hypertrophy in a case of homolateral renal agenesis: case report with special emphasis on adrenal blood supply.

Hypertrophic suprarenal gland is an anomaly which can lead to serious complications during adrenalectomy under endoscopy because of abnormal veins of the retroperitoneum. The authors report a rare dissection of a male which presented with this anomaly in a case of homolateral renal agenesis, highlighting this left pseudorenal vein. No abnormality of the genital tract was found.

Epistaxis revealing the rupture of a carotid aneurysm of the cavernous sinus extending into the sphenoid: treatment using an uncovered stent and coils. Review of literature.

True carotid aneurysms with sphenoid extension and revealed by epistaxis are rare. A review of the literature shows the mortality risk of this pathology and the different therapeutic options. A 41-year-old female presented with a cavernous carotid aneurysm with sphenoid extension revealed by massive epistaxis.

Odontoid fracture complicating Jaffe-Lichtenstein disease. Case report.

The authors report the case of a 31-year-old man with polyostotic fibrous dysplasia who suffered a traumatic odontoid fracture in an area of a preexisting bone lesion. Conservative treatment was successfully performed. Jaffe-Lichtenstein disease is discussed along with differential diagnoses and alternative methods of treatment.

The duodenal fossae: anatomic study and clinical correlations.

The aim of this study was to present anatomic macroscopic aspects and the relationship between the duodenum and the posterior abdominal wall. The authors describe anatomic types of peritoneal duodenal fossae and stress some points of surgical importance. Twenty-four cadavers, fixed in formalin, were dissected.