An Educational Intervention to Enhance Palliative Care Training at HBCUs.

Context: Primary palliative care training is important for clinicians at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) given the decreased access to specialty palliative care among Black patients and patients' preferences for race concordant care.

Objectives: To describe the impact of a palliative care educational intervention at two HBCUs.

Methods: We administered a palliative care educational intervention in family and internal medicine residency programs at Morehouse School of Medicine and Howard University College of Medicine.

Intravenous Fluid Administration and the Risk of Adverse Outcomes in Sickle Cell Disease Patients Hospitalized for Vaso-Occlusive Crisis.

Vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) is the leading cause of hospitalization in sickle cell disease (SCD). Intravenous fluid (IVF) administration is the usual practice during VOC episodes to slow the sickling process. In the absence of an evidence-based, clear-cut consensus on the optimal choice, route, and rate of fluid administration, there has been a wide variability in the practice of IVF administration in the treatment of VOC.

Palliative Care Attitudes and Experiences among Resident Physicians at Historically Black Colleges and Universities.

Context: Seriously ill Black patients receive lower quality palliative care than White patients. Equitable access requires palliative care skills training for all physicians. Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) play a key role in educating Black physicians and have less access to palliative care resources.

A Comparative Analysis of Reactive Müller Glia Gene Expression After Light Damage and microRNA-Depleted Müller Glia-Focus on microRNAs.

Müller glia (MG) are the predominant glia in the neural retina and become reactive after injury or in disease. microRNAs (miRNAs) are translational repressors that regulate a variety of processes during development and are required for MG function. However, no data is available about the MG miRNAs in reactive gliosis.

Exercise Training Induced Changes In Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Measured Lipid Particles In Mild Cognitively Impaired Elderly African American Volunteers: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: Poor cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is linked to cognitive deterioration, but its effects on lipid heterogeneity and functional properties in older African American (AA) subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) need elucidation. This study determined whether exercise training-induced changes in blood lipid particle sizes (LPS) were associated with CRF determined by VOMax in elderly AAs with MCI. Given the pivotal role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on glucose metabolism, and therefore, "diabetic dyslipidemia", we also determined whether changes in LPS were associated with the levels of serum BDNF.

In-hospital Outcomes and Characteristics of Heart Failure in Sickle Cell Disease.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) predominantly affects African-Americans (AAs) in the United States (US). Due to increasing life expectancy in developed countries, SCD-associated cardiomyopathy is typically seen in adults. The aim of this study was to distinguish hospitalization for this phenotype from traditional heart failure (HF) in AAs.

Corrigendum to "Microbial Food Safety Risk to Humans Associated with Poultry Feed: The Role of Irradiation".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2019/6915736.].

Microbial Food Safety Risk to Humans Associated with Poultry Feed: The Role of Irradiation.

Animal feed has been linked to human illness through the food chain as a result of food borne bacteria and more recently the risk of foodborne antibiotic resistance. This study investigated the extent to which radiation can be used as an intervention to improve the safety and quality of poultry feed in terms of food borne pathogens and antibiotic resistant microbes. Mean counts of control feed samples were Log 5.

Acute Pericarditis: Descriptive Study and Etiology Determination in a Predominantly African American Population.

INTRODUCTION ---Acute pericarditis is the most commonly encountered manifestation of pericardial disease (incidence: 0.2 percent to 0.5 percent in hospitalized patients).

Etiology and Age Distribution of Syncope in a Predominantly African-American Population.

Background: Syncope, the sudden transient loss of consciousness due to multiple etiologies, usually has worse outcomes in African Americans compared with other races because of other comorbidities. This study aims to identify a correlation between the etiologies of syncope and age in a predominantly African-American sample population to facilitate future investigations with potentially improved specificity to address this condition.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 155 patients who presented with syncope concerns to the emergency department at our university hospital.

Correlation of Ventilation-Perfusion (V/Q) Scan Results as Compared with Clinical Probability of Pulmonary Embolism in African American Population.

Introduction Current guidelines suggest the use of the more specific Wells' score could safely reduce the number of unnecessary scans. There is a lack of research to support whether these guidelines apply to the African American population. This study aims to evaluate the correlation of clinical pretest probability of pulmonary embolism (PE) with ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan results in a predominantly African American population and to test whether current guidelines based on studies conducted in other populations hold true in this group.

The Evaluation of Syncope in a Predominantly Black Population: Focus on Neuroimaging.

Background: Current guidelines do not support the routine use of computed tomography (CT) scan of the head in the diagnostic workup of syncope. There is a lack of research to support whether these guidelines apply to the Black population.

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the yield of neuroimaging in the evaluation of Syncope in a predominantly Black patient population and to test whether current guidelines based on studies conducted in other populations hold true in this group.

Place of birth, cancer beliefs and being current with colon cancer screening among US adults.

Background: Historically, studies suggested that immigrants acquire the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) as US-born persons within the same generation. CRC risk of immigrants is largely unknown in this era of cancer screening and widespread immigration. We investigated the association of place of birth and cancer beliefs with uptake of CRC screening.

Obesity and Weight Loss Attempts among Subjects with a Personal History of Cancer.

Objectives: Obesity is a risk factor for many cancers and obese cancer patients have a poorer prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of obesity and attempts to lose weight among cancer survivors. The effects of cancer treatment and time since cancer treatment were also evaluated.

Apoptosis induced by aspirin and 5-fluorouracil in human colonic adenocarcinoma cells.

Various biochemical, clinical and epidemiological studies have shown that aspirin (ASA) and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) demonstrate antineoplastic properties, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract, inhibiting the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. The mechanism of action may be prostaglandin mediated through inhibition of the COX enzymatic system. This includes two iso-enzymes, COX-I and COX-II, working in concert with the activation of apoptosis, activation of immune surveillance, inhibition of proliferation, and inhibition of carcinogen activation.