Incorporating Diamondoids as Electrolyte Additive in the Sodium Metal Anode to Mitigate Dendrite Growth.

Owing to the high abundance and gravimetric capacity (1165.78 mAh g ) of pure sodium, it is considered as a promising candidate for the anode of next-generation batteries. However, one major challenge needs to be solved before commercializing the sodium metal anode: The growth of dendrites during metal plating.

Design Strategies to Enable the Efficient Use of Sodium Metal Anodes in High-Energy Batteries.

Sodium-based batteries have attracted considerable attention and are recognized as ideal candidates for large-scale and low-cost energy storage. Sodium (Na) metal anodes are considered as one of the most promising anodes for next-generation, high-energy, Na-based batteries owing to their high theoretical specific capacity (1166 mA h g ) and low standard electrode potential. Herein, an overview of the recent developments in Na metal anodes for high-energy batteries is provided.

Oxygen-Driven Porous Film Formation of Single-Crystalline Ru Deposited on Au(111).

We examined the interaction of oxygen with ultrathin Ru layers deposited on a Au(111) substrate using scanning tunneling microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and low-energy electron diffraction. The deposition of pure Ru below one monolayer (ML) at room temperature leads to the formation of clusters on the Au(111) surface, preferentially located at the elbow sites of the herringbone reconstruction. Subsequent exposure of molecular oxygen to such a Ru-covered Au(111) surface at 680 K results in the growth of two-layer-thick Ru islands that are embedded in the top Au(111) layer.