Anton August Heinrich Lichtensteins (1794) Catalogus Rerum Naturalium Rarissimarum, pars secunda. Facsimile edition and annotated translation.

The new species of Lichtensteins catalog (1794: part 2) were discussed by Geiger (2003). Here a facsimile edition and full translation of the work is given. Additional insights into select Lichtenstein species are provided.

Species delineation and systematics of a hemiclonal hybrid complex in Australian freshwaters (Gobiiformes: Gobioidei: Eleotridae: ).

The rivers of southeastern Australia host a species complex within the carp gudgeon genus that includes parental species and hemiclonal hybrid lineages. These hemiclones can be difficult to distinguish from their parent taxa, making delineation of species unusually difficult. We approach this historical taxonomic problem by using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping to distinguish individuals of each species and hemiclones, enabling us to quantify the variation among evolutionary lineages and assign names to the species.

Scissurella nesbittae, new species, from the Gries Ranch Formation, Lewis County, Washington State (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda: Scissurellidae).

Recent and fossil global scissurellids were monographed by Geiger (2012) and additional species were recently described from Brazil (Pimenta Geiger 2015). Here, we describe an additional fossil species from shallow water strata of the late Eocene Gries Ranch Formation in Lewis County, Washington State, USA.

Severnsia strombeulima n. gen. & sp. from Hawaii (Mollusca, Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Eulimidae).

The malacofauna of Hawaii is rather well-known, owing to Kay (1979) and Severns (2011). Both works stand out because they include a large number of the generally under-represented micromollusks (<5 mm). Here a striking new genus and species of a microsnail is reported from that region.

Stretch coding and block coding: two new strategies to represent questionably aligned DNA sequences.

Most coding strategies that address the problem of questionable alignment (elision, case sensitive, missing, polymorphic, gaps as presence/absence matrix) conflict with phylogenetic principles, particularly those relating to the concept of homology (shared similiarity explained by common ancestry). In some cases, the test of conjunction is failed. In other cases, characters that are coded ambiguously can lead to character-state optimization in the terminal taxa that conflicts with the original observations.