Publications by authors named "Daniel Kidder"

Article Synopsis
  • The report updates the 1999 CDC Framework for Program Evaluation in Public Health to include new advancements and lessons learned in evaluation and public health.
  • The 2024 framework introduces a nonprescriptive tool with six steps for effective evaluation planning and implementation, while emphasizing engagement, equity, and learning from insights.
  • It serves as a guide for designing evaluations applicable to various programs, enhancing evidence-based decision-making, and improving program outcomes across different areas.
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Objective: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) Evaluation Fellowship Program is a 2-year fellowship that includes training, placement with a CDC program, and professional development funds. We evaluated whether the program contributed to CDC's evaluation capacity, prepared fellows for evaluation work, and contributed to their career advancement during its first 10 years.

Methods: We used a mixed-methods approach, including conducting an online survey and telephone interviews.

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Context: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) developed a workforce training on sexual and gender minorities (SGMs).

Objective: This article describes the evaluation of the training.

Design: Participants completed pre- and posttest surveys.

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Engaging communities is a key strategy to increase COVID-19 vaccination. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was developed for community partners to obtain insights about barriers to COVID-19 vaccine uptake and to engage community partners in designing interventions to build vaccine confidence. In spring 2021, 3 CDC teams were deployed to Alabama and Georgia to conduct a rapid community assessment in selected jurisdictions.

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In 2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) established the Achieving Public Health Impact through Research (APHIR) contract mechanism. APHIR provides CDC's Centers, Institute, and Offices (CIOs) a mechanism that supports multiyear, high impact public health research. Awarded projects supported research on a wide range of topics (e.

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Article Synopsis
  • * During May 2020, surveys in NYC, Los Angeles, and the U.S. showed strong public support for stay-at-home orders, with various percentages endorsing measures like business closures and face coverings.
  • * Understanding public attitudes and behaviors is essential for informing effective public health strategies and adapting messaging as the COVID-19 situation changes.
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Community mitigation activities (also referred to as nonpharmaceutical interventions) are actions that persons and communities can take to slow the spread of infectious diseases. Mitigation strategies include personal protective measures (e.g.

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We conducted a group randomized trial to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of a multi-component, clinic-based HIV prevention intervention for HIV-positive patients attending clinical care in Namibia, Kenya, and Tanzania. Eighteen HIV care and treatment clinics (six per country) were randomly assigned to intervention or control arms. Approximately 200 sexually active clients from each clinic were enrolled and interviewed at baseline and 6- and 12-months post-intervention.

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In sub-Saharan Africa, the prevalence of depressive symptoms among people living with HIV (PLHIV) is considerably greater than that among members of the general population. It is particularly important to treat depressive symptoms among PLHIV because they have been associated with poorer HIV care-related outcomes. This study describes overall psychosocial functioning and factors associated with depressive symptoms among PLHIV attending HIV care and treatment clinics in Kenya, Namibia, and Tanzania.

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We describe the frequency of and factors associated with disclosure, knowledge of partner's HIV status, and consistent condom use among 3538 HIV-positive patients attending eighteen HIV care and treatment clinics in Kenya, Namibia, and Tanzania. Overall, 42% of patients were male, and 64% were on antiretroviral treatment. The majority (80%) had disclosed their HIV status to their partners, 64% knew their partner's HIV status, and 77% reported consistent condom use.

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Unlabelled: HIV care and treatment settings provide an opportunity to reach people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) with prevention messages and services. Population-based surveys in sub-Saharan Africa have identified HIV risk behaviors among PLHIV, yet data are limited regarding HIV risk behaviors of PLHIV in clinical care. This paper describes the baseline sociodemographic, HIV transmission risk behaviors, and clinical data of a study evaluating an HIV prevention intervention package for HIV care and treatment clinics in Africa.

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We present a cost-utility analysis based on data from the Housing and Health (H&H) Study of rental assistance for homeless and unstably housed persons living with HIV in Baltimore, Chicago and Los Angeles. As-treated analyses found favorable associations of housing with HIV viral load, emergency room use, and perceived stress (an outcome that can be quantitatively linked to quality of life). We combined these outcome data with information on intervention costs to estimate the cost-per-quality-adjusted-life-year (QALY) saved.

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Article Synopsis
  • A study examined how rental assistance affects the housing and health of 630 homeless or unstably housed individuals living with HIV/AIDS, comparing those who received immediate HOPWA support to those who received customary care.
  • Results indicated that both groups saw improvements in housing, but those receiving HOPWA assistance experienced greater benefits, with 51% achieving stable housing after 18 months.
  • The study also found significant improvements in medical care utilization and self-reported mental and physical health for the treatment group, highlighting HOPWA rental assistance as a key factor in enhancing the wellbeing of homeless individuals living with HIV/AIDS.
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Prior research suggests that the interconnections between substance use, HIV risk and lack of adherence to HIV medications are especially strong among homeless individuals. Thus, study of these interconnections warrants public health attention. The objectives of this paper are to describe patterns of alcohol and drug use, associations between substance use and participation in high-risk sex, and associations between substance use and adherence to HIV treatment regimens among a sample of 602 homeless or unstably housed HIV-seropositive individuals who are part of a housing-based intervention--the Housing and Health Study.

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The aim of this study is to investigate adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) who are homeless or unstably housed. We evaluated homeless or unstably housed PLWHA (n=644) in three US cities were enrolled in the Housing and Health Study. Using baseline data and controlling for gender, race, age, and education, we examined associations between self-reported two- and Seven-day adherence and access to healthcare, mental health, substance use, and attitudes toward HIV medical therapy.

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Objectives: To compare drug, alcohol, and sexual HIV transmission risk behaviors of homeless and housed people living with HIV/AIDS.

Methods: Data were from 8075 respondents in a cross-sectional, multisite behavioral survey of adults recently reported to have HIV infection.

Results: At interview, 310 respondents (4%) were homeless.

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HIV-related stigma negatively affects the lives of persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Homeless/unstably housed PLWHA experience myriad challenges and may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of HIV-related stigma. Homeless/unstably housed PLWHA from 3 U.

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Among persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) experiencing homelessness or imminent risk of homelessness, a history of incarceration may serve as a marker for ongoing risk behavior or health disparities. We examined factors associated with a history of incarceration among HIV-positive clients of housing agencies in Baltimore, Chicago, and Los Angeles (N = 581). We used logistic regression to conduct analyses.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to compare the health status and healthcare access between homeless and housed individuals with HIV/AIDS.
  • Results showed that homeless individuals had poorer health, were less likely to be insured, and had worse medication adherence compared to housed individuals.
  • Housing status significantly influenced health outcomes, indicating that stable housing could improve the health of people living with HIV/AIDS who are homeless.
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Homelessness and housing instability are significant public health issues that increase the risks of HIV acquisition and transmission and adversely affect the health of people living with HIV. This article highlights the contributions of selected papers in this special issue of AIDS and Behavior and considers them within the broader context of prior research on the associations between housing status and HIV risk, use of HIV medical care, adherence to HIV treatment, and the physical health of HIV-seropositive persons. Special recognition is given to the roles of interrelated health problems, such as substance abuse, poor mental health, and physical and sexual abuse, that often co-occur and exacerbate the challenges faced by those who are homeless or unstably housed.

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The Housing and Health study examines the effects of permanent supportive housing for homeless and unstably housed persons living with HIV. While promising as an HIV prevention intervention, providing housing may be more expensive to deliver than some other HIV prevention services. Economic evaluation is needed to determine if investment in permanent supportive housing would be cost-saving or cost-effective.

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Article Synopsis
  • A study analyzed the rates and dangers of interpersonal abuse (both physical and sexual) among HIV-positive homeless or unstably housed adults in cities like Baltimore, Chicago, and Los Angeles, involving 644 participants.* -
  • Results showed that 77% of men and 86% of women reported experiencing some form of abuse, with women facing higher risks for various types of intimate partner and childhood abuse compared to men.* -
  • The study found that abuse is correlated with higher instances of unprotected sex, sex exchange, alcohol abuse, and depressive symptoms, indicating the need for targeted interventions to support at-risk individuals.*
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Homelessness and unstable housing have been associated with HIV risk behavior and poorer health among persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), yet prior research has not tested causal associations. This paper describes the challenges, methods, and baseline sample of the Housing and Health Study, a longitudinal, multi-site, randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of providing immediate rental housing assistance to PLWHA who were homeless or at severe risk of homelessness. Primary outcomes included HIV disease progression, medical care access and utilization, treatment adherence, mental and physical health, and risks of transmitting HIV.

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A community-based HIV intervention for African-American women who are active injection drug users (IDUs) was evaluated. Seventy-one women (aged 20-54 years) were randomly assigned to one of two enhanced gender- and culturally specific intervention conditions or to the NIDA standard condition. Substantial decreases (p<.

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