Effects of a Regular Endurance Training Program on Running Economy and Biomechanics in Runners.

A regular endurance training program may elicit different adaptations compared to an isolated training method. In this study, we analyzed the effects of 8 weeks of a regular endurance training program on running economy (RE), particularly neuromuscular and biomechanical parameters, in runners of different athletic abilities. Twenty-four male runners were divided into two groups: well-trained (12) and recreational (=12).

Differences in seasonal best times between short and long course in freestyle events in Spanish age-group swimmers.

Swimmers perform better times in short course due to the greater numbers of turns; however, the differences between short (SC) and long course (LC) depending on the swimmers' age and sex are unclear. The main aim of this study was to analyse the differences in seasonal best times between SC and LC in freestyle events in relation to age and sex. Seasonal best times performed in SC and LC in each freestyle swimming event of 100 top national Spanish swimmers in two seasons were included in this analysis.

Acute effects of interval training on running kinematics in runners: A systematic review.

Background: Interval training (IT) is influenced by several variables and its design. However, there is no consensus about the acute effects of this type of training on running kinematics and gait patterns due to the variety of session designs.

Research Question: The aim of this systematic review was to determine the acute effects of IT on gait patterns and running kinematics in endurance runners depending on the characteristics of the training sessions.

SwimOne. New Device for Determining Instantaneous Power and Propulsive Forces in Swimming.

The propulsive forces and instantaneous power that are generated by a swimmer have a great influence on the swimming performance. This works presents a new device, called SwimOne, for measuring propulsive force and estimating the instantaneous power of the swimmer. In addition, the detailed prototype is able to exert a customizable opposition force to the swimmer for training purpose.

Strength Improvements of Different 10-Week Multicomponent Exercise Programs in Elderly Women.

The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the effects of various muscle strength sessions performed during 10 weeks physical conditioning programs and 4 weeks of detraining on the physical conditioning, body composition and hematology of elderly women. 48 women were randomly distributed in four groups: a physical conditioning group (PCG; = 12) with two sessions per week; a PCG with an extra-session focus on hypertrophy (PCGH; = 12), a PCG with an extra-session in a shallow pool (PCGP; = 12); and a control group (CG; = 12). PCGH achieved a significant increase in Abalakov.

Effects of High-intensity Warm-ups on Running Performance.

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of high-intensity warm-ups (WUs) on performance, physiological, neuromuscular and biomechanical parameters. Three randomized cross-over 105%vVOmax time limit trials (TLimT) were performed by 11 well-trained runners following three different WU protocols. These included two experimental high-intensity variants and one control WU variant: (i) 9x20-sec level strides (105%vVOmax; 1% gradient) with 60 s of recovery (level); (ii) 6x6-sec uphill strides (105%vVOmax; 5% gradient), with the same recovery (uphill) and (iii) 7 min at 60%vVOmax as control condition (control).

Interrelationships between different loads in resisted sprints, half-squat 1 RM and kinematic variables in trained athletes.

Resisted sprint running is a common training method for improving sprint-specific strength. It is well-known that an athlete's time to complete a sled-towing sprint increases linearly with increasing sled load. However, to our knowledge, the relationship between the maximum load in sled-towing sprint and the sprint time is unknown, The main purpose of this research was to analyze the relationship between the maximum load in sled-towing sprint, half-squat maximal dynamic strength and the velocity in the acceleration phase in 20-m sprint.

Efficacy of two different stretch training programs (passive vs. proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation) on shoulder and hip range of motion in older people.

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of 2 methods of stretch training (passive and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation [PNF]) on range of motion (ROM) in older people between the age of 60 and 70 years over a period of 13 weeks. Fifty-four participants (39 women and 15 men) were divided into 3 groups: passive (n = 17; 66.5 ± 6.