A Systematic Review of Dynamic Forces and Kinematic Indicators of Front and Roundhouse Kicks across Varied Conditions and Participant Experience.

Impact force and maximum velocity are important indicators of kick efficiency. Therefore, this systematic review compared the front kick (FK) and roundhouse kick (RK), including their impact force, maximum velocity, angular velocity, and execution time, considering various target types and experience levels. Following PRISMA guidelines, the Web of Science, SportDiscus, and PubMed were systematically searched for articles published from January 1982 to May 2022.

Impact of Training Protocols on Lifting Velocity Recovery in Resistance Trained Males and Females.

It has been suggested that sex differences exist in recovery following strength training. This study aimed to investigate the differences in recovery kinetics between resistance trained males and females following two different back squat (BSq) protocols. The first protocol (eight females and eight males) consisted of five sets of five repetitions at 80% of their one-repetition maximum (1RM) in the BSq (SMRT), while the second (seven females and eight males) consisted of five sets to muscular failure (MF) with a 4-6RM load (RMRT).

The patella: A mechanical determinant of coordination during vertical jumping.

The patella is traditionally understood to be a "joint spacer" that increases the moment arm of the patellar tendon. This characterisation is unsatisfactory as it fails to explain the more interesting characteristics of the patella: 1) that the changing pivot point of the patella causes the ratio of quadriceps to patellar tendon force to almost double as the knee flexes; 2) that the patellar tendon exerts an anteriorly directed force on the tibia when the knee is extended but this switches to a posterior draw as the knee flexes; and 3) that the presence of the patella allows the quadriceps to exert different moments on the femur and tibia. Here, I use a simple, model of the geometry of the knee to calculate the changes in the effective moment arms of the quadriceps on the femur and tibia as the knee extends during vertical jumping.

Adjusting powerlifting performances for differences in body mass.

It has been established that, in the sports of Olympic weightlifting (OL) and powerlifting (PL), the relationship between lifting performance and body mass is not linear. This relationship has been frequently studied in OL, but the literature on PL is less extensive. In this study, PL performance and body mass, for both men and women, was examined by using data from the International Powerlifting Federation World Championships during 1995-2004.