Response of hybrid III and Mil-Lx ATD legs to explosively driven vehicle floor loading.

Results are reported of small-scale explosive experiments with Hybrid III and Mil-Lx anthropomorphic test device (ATD) legs. The legs were subject to loadings from deforming metallic plates, driven by explosive loadings to replicate the movement of the floor of a protected vehicle subject to a land-mine strike. The forces measured by the legs are reported and compared between the two different leg types.

Alcohol Clustering Mechanisms in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Using Pulsed-Field Gradient, Diffusion NMR and Network Analysis: Feedback on Stepwise Self-Association Models.

Co-solvent clustering in complex fluids is fundamental to solution phase processes, influencing speciation, reactivity, and transport. Herein, methanol (MeOH) clustering in supercritical carbon dioxide is explored with pulsed-field gradient, diffusion-ordered nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (DOSY-NMR), and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Refinements on the application of self-association models to DOSY-NMR experiments on clustering species are presented.

The development of a quick-running prediction tool for the assessment of human injury owing to terrorist attack within crowded metropolitan environments.

In the aftermath of the London '7/7' attacks in 2005, UK government agencies required the development of a quick-running tool to predict the weapon and injury effects caused by the initiation of a person borne improvised explosive device (PBIED) within crowded metropolitan environments. This prediction tool, termed the HIP (human injury predictor) code, was intended to:--assist the security services to encourage favourable crowd distributions and densities within scenarios of 'sensitivity'; --provide guidance to security engineers concerning the most effective location for protection systems; --inform rescue services as to where, in the case of such an event, individuals with particular injuries will be located; --assist in training medical personnel concerning the scope and types of injuries that would be sustained as a consequence of a particular attack; --assist response planners in determining the types of medical specialists (burns, traumatic amputations, lungs, etc.) required and thus identify the appropriate hospitals to receive the various casualty types.