Sleep- and Wake-Promoting Drugs: Where Are They Being Sourced, and What Is Their Impact?

Recent decades have seen both an increased number of shift workers in order to deliver services 24/7, and increased potential for social interactions at all hours of the day. People have sought to engage in strategies, which either promote vigilance or facilitate sleep, with the use of sleep- and wake-promoting drugs representing one strategy. We investigated use of sleep- and wake-promoting drugs in participants ( = 377) who completed a survey investigating the type and source of sleep- and wake-promoting drugs, and their impact on sleep and performance outcomes.

Patterns in Reduction or Cessation of Drinking in Australia (2001-2013) and Motivation for Change.

Aims: This paper examines: (a) change over time (2001-2013) in recently reducing or ceasing drinking in the Australian population and (b) the reasons given for reducing or ceasing drinking in the most recent survey (2013); stratified by sex and age group.

Short Summary: Rates of reducing and ceasing drinking increased between 2001 and 2013 in Australia. Young people were more likely to modify drinking due to lifestyle and enjoyment reasons; older groups were more likely to report health reasons.

Investigating Differences Between Drugs Used in the Australian Night-Time Economy: Demographics, Substance Use, and Harm.

Background: Understanding the characteristics of drug users in the night-time economy (NTE), and whether particular drugs are associated with risky practices and experience of harm, is necessary to inform targeted policy responses in this context.

Objectives: To investigate the correlates of drugs used in the Australian NTE relating to demographics, alcohol use, and experience of harm.

Methods: Patrons were interviewed in the NTE of five Australian cities in 2012-2013 (n = 7,028; 61.

Major depression among methamphetamine users entering drug treatment programs.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of major depression among people entering treatment for methamphetamine use.

Design, Setting And Participants: The study was a cross-sectional survey involving 41 specialised drug and alcohol treatment agencies in Brisbane and Sydney. Services provided by these agencies included residential rehabilitation, detoxification and counselling.

Does the addition of integrated cognitive behaviour therapy and motivational interviewing improve the outcomes of standard care for young people with comorbid depression and substance misuse?

Objective: To determine whether the addition of cognitive behaviour therapy and motivational interviewing (CBT/MI) to standard alcohol and other drug (AOD) care improves outcomes for young people with comorbid depression and substance misuse.

Participants And Setting: Participants were young people with comorbid depression (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale score ≥ 17) and substance misuse (mainly alcohol and/or cannabis) seeking treatment at two youth AOD services in Melbourne, Australia. The study was conducted between September 2006 and September 2008.

The relationship between personality disorders and mental health, substance use severity and quality of life among injecting drug users.

Objective: To determine the relationship between personality disorders (PDs) and substance use severity, mental health symptoms and disorders and quality of life (QoL) among injecting drug users (IDUs).

Design, Setting And Participants: A cross-sectional study of 103 IDUs accessing a needle and syringe program and a primary health centre in Melbourne, Australia.

Main Outcome Measures: Presence of PDs was assessed using the International Personality Disorder Examination ICD-10 Screener.