Graft choice in pancreatectomy with vascular resection: equivalent safety in selected patients.

Background: Pancreatic cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, with surgical resection being the only option for long-term survival. The ability to manage vascular involvement has expanded the pool of patients who are able to undergo resection with curative intent. However, not all vascular involvements can be detected preoperatively.

Estimating the Burden and Distribution of Post-COVID-19 Condition in Washington State, March 2020-October 2023.

Introduction: After SARS-CoV-2 infection, some people will experience long-term sequelae known as post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). Although PCC is recognized as a public health problem, estimates of the prevalence of PCC are sparse. We described a framework for estimating the incidence and prevalence of PCC by population subgroups and geography over time in Washington State.

Disruptions to sleep and circadian rhythms are associated with poorer athlete mental health in female, but not male, elite Australian Rules footballers.

Elite athletes are vulnerable to sleep and circadian disruption and associated mental health symptoms. This study aimed to investigate sex differences in sleep, circadian rhythms, and mental health, as well as the moderating role of sex in the prediction of mental health, among male professional and female semi-professional elite athletes. Participants were 87 elite Australian Rules football (ARF) athletes (43% female; mean [standard deviation] age 24.

Preconception Micronutrient Supplementation Affects Maternal BMI and Body Composition Postpartum: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Vietnam.

Background: Although there is growing evidence on the role of preconception nutrition for birth outcomes, limited evidence exists for its effects on maternal health.

Objectives: This study evaluates the impact of preconception micronutrient supplementation on maternal BMI (kg/m) and body composition at 6 to 7 y postpartum (PP).

Methods: We followed females who participated in a randomized controlled trial of preconception supplementation in Vietnam and delivered live offspring (n = 1599).

Sleep patterns before and after competition: A real-world examination of elite athletes.

Good sleep before and after competitions is crucial to cognitive, physiological performance and recovery. Yet, elite athletes face a unique set of challenges when acquiring good sleep before and after competitions, and indeed commonly report sleep problems when it matters most. This study examined the sleep of elite athletes before and after competition compared to before and after free days.

Inadequate Lymph Node Yield: An Inadequate Indication for Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Stage II Colon Cancer.

Background: Optimal therapy for stage II colon cancer remains unclear, and national guidelines recommend "consideration" of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) in the presence of high-risk features, including inadequate lymph node yield (LNY, <12 nodes). This study aims to determine whether the survival benefit of ACT in stage II disease varies based on the adequacy of LNY.

Methods: We used the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to identify adults who underwent resection for a single primary T3 or T4 colon cancer between 2006 and 2018.

Greater male variability in daily energy expenditure develops through puberty.

There is considerably greater variation in metabolic rates between men than between women, in terms of basal, activity and total (daily) energy expenditure (EE). One possible explanation is that EE is associated with male sexual characteristics (which are known to vary more than other traits) such as musculature and athletic capacity. Such traits might be predicted to be most prominent during periods of adolescence and young adulthood, when sexual behaviour develops and peaks.

A Machine Learning Approach to Predict Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula After Pancreaticoduodenectomy Using Only Preoperatively Known Data.

Background: Clinically-relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is a major postoperative complication and the primary determinant of surgical outcomes. However, the majority of current risk calculators utilize intraoperative and postoperative variables, limiting their utility in the preoperative setting. Therefore, we aimed to develop a user-friendly risk calculator to predict CR-POPF following PD using state-of-the-art machine learning (ML) algorithms and only preoperatively known variables.

Matters of Frequency, Immediacy and Regularity: Engagement in an Online Asynchronous Course.

Many models of online student engagement posit a "more is better" relationship between students' course-related actions and their engagement. However, recent research indicates that the of engagement is also an important consideration. In addition to the frequency (how often) of engagement, two other constructs of timing were explored in this study: immediacy (how early) and regularity (in what ordered pattern).

Tibial bone strength is negatively affected by volumetric muscle loss injury to the adjacent muscle in male mice.

This study's objective was to investigate how contractile strength loss associated with a volumetric muscle loss (VML) injury affects the adjacent tibial bone structural and functional properties in male C57BL/6J mice. Mice were randomized into one of two experimental groups: VML-injured mice that were injured at age 12 weeks and aged to 20 weeks (8 weeks postinjury, VML) and 20-week-old age-matched uninjured mice (Uninjured-20). Tibial bone strength, mid-diaphysis cortical geometry, intrinsic material properties, and metaphyseal trabecular bone structure were assessed by three-point bending and microcomputed tomography (µCT).

An evaluation of nutrition, culinary, and production interventions using African indigenous vegetables on nutrition security among smallholder farmers in Western Kenya.

Introduction: Nutrition security continues to worsen in sub-Saharan Africa. Current research is limited on how seasonality may influence the impact of nutrition, culinary, and production interventions on food security, diet quality, and consumption of African Indigenous Vegetables (AIV); a culturally accepted source of micro-and-macronutrients that are easily produced due to their adaptation to the local environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the programmatic impact of AIV interventions on nutrition security among smallholder farmers.

Resected Tumor Outcome and Recurrence (RESTORE) Index for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence after Resection.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide [...

Response of terminal Schwann cells following volumetric muscle loss injury.

An often-overlooked component of traumatic skeletal muscle injuries is the impact on the nervous system and resultant innervation of the affected muscles. Recent work in a rodent model of volumetric muscle loss (VML) injury demonstrated a progressive, secondary loss of neuromuscular junction (NMJ) innervation, supporting a role of NMJ dysregulation in chronic functional deficits. Terminal Schwann cells (tSCs) are known to be vital for the maintenance of NMJ structure and function, in addition to guiding repair and regeneration after injury.

Total daily energy expenditure has declined over the past three decades due to declining basal expenditure, not reduced activity expenditure.

Obesity is caused by a prolonged positive energy balance. Whether reduced energy expenditure stemming from reduced activity levels contributes is debated. Here we show that in both sexes, total energy expenditure (TEE) adjusted for body composition and age declined since the late 1980s, while adjusted activity energy expenditure increased over time.

Minimally Invasive Versus Open Liver Resections for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome.

Objective: To compare minimally invasive (MILR) and open liver resections (OLRs) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS).

Background: Liver resections for HCC on MS are associated with high perioperative morbidity and mortality. No data on the minimally invasive approach in this setting exist.

Medial Gastrocnemius Muscle Properties of Children With Cerebral Palsy After Different Tone Treatments: A Pilot Study.

Objective: Spasticity in children with cerebral palsy can be managed by a spectrum of approaches, from conservative therapy, to temporary botulinum toxin A injections, to permanent transection of sensory nerves with a selective dorsal rhizotomy. This pilot study investigated whether these three tone management approaches are associated with histological and biochemical properties of the medial gastrocnemius.

Design: A convenience sample of children with cerebral palsy undergoing gastrocnemius lengthening surgery was enrolled.