Ocean wanderers: A lab-based investigation into the effect of wind and morphology on the drift of Physalia spp.

Physalia spp., or Man-of-War, drifts in tropical and subtropical waters, transported by ocean surface conditions. Its unique drifting behavior, influenced by dimorphism (left or right-handedness), complicates stranding predictions.

Crabs ride the tide: incoming tides promote foraging of Giant Mud Crab (Scylla serrata).

Background: Effective fisheries management of mobile species relies on robust knowledge of animal behaviour and habitat-use. Indices of behaviour can be useful for interpreting catch-per-unit-effort data which acts as a proxy for relative abundance. Information about habitat-use can inform stocking release strategies or the design of marine protected areas.

Machine learning accelerated high-throughput screening of zeolites for the selective adsorption of xylene isomers.

The production of widely used polymers such as polyester currently relies upon the chemical separation of and transformation of xylene isomers. The least valuable but most prevalent isomer is -xylene which can be selectively transformed into the more useful and expensive -xylene isomer using a zeolite catalyst but at a high energy cost. In this work, high-throughput screening of existing and hypothetical zeolite databases containing more than two million structures was performed, using a combination of classical simulation and deep neural network methods to identify promising materials for selective adsorption of -xylene.

The Role of Biomarkers in the Management of Colorectal Liver Metastases.

Surgical management combined with improved systemic therapies have extended 5-year overall survival beyond 50% among patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Furthermore, a multitude of liver-directed therapies has improved local disease control for patients with unresectable CRLM. Unfortunately, a significant portion of patients treated with curative-intent hepatectomy develops disease recurrence.

Enzymatic basis of the Fc-selective intra-chain disulfide reduction and free thiol content variability in an antibody produced in Escherichia coli.

Background: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a promising host for production of recombinant proteins (including antibodies and antibody fragments) that don't require complex post-translational modifications such as glycosylation. During manufacturing-scale production of a one-armed antibody in E.

Diet-tissue discrimination and turnover of δ C and δ N in muscle tissue of a penaeid prawn.

Rationale: Stable isotopes are used to study trophic and movement ecology in aquatic systems, as they provide spatially distinct, time-integrated signatures of diet. Stable isotope ecology has been used to quantify species-habitat relationships in many important fisheries species (e.g.

High Throughput Methods in the Synthesis, Characterization, and Optimization of Porous Materials.

Porous materials are widely employed in a large range of applications, in particular, for storage, separation, and catalysis of fine chemicals. Synthesis, characterization, and pre- and post-synthetic computer simulations are mostly carried out in a piecemeal and ad hoc manner. Whilst high throughput approaches have been used for more than 30 years in the porous material fields, routine integration of experimental and computational processes is only now becoming more established.

National Evaluation of Patient Preferences in Selecting Hospitals and Health Care Providers.

Background: Patient utilization of public reporting has been suboptimal despite attempts to encourage use. Lack of utilization may be due to discordance between reported metrics and what patients want to know when making health care choices.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify measures of quality that individuals want to be presented in public reporting and explore factors associated with researching health care.

A National Survey of Motor Vehicle Crashes Among General Surgery Residents.

Objectives: Evaluate the frequency of self-reported, post-call hazardous driving events in a national cohort of general surgery residents and determine the associations between duty hour policy violations, psychiatric well-being, and hazardous driving events.

Summary Of Background Data: MVCs are a leading cause of resident mortality. Extended work shifts and poor psychiatric well-being are risk factors for MVCs, placing general surgery residents at risk.

Association of Surgical Resident Wellness With Medical Errors and Patient Outcomes.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to: (1) measure the prevalence of self-reported medical error among general surgery trainees, (2) assess the association between general surgery resident wellness (ie, burnout and poor psychiatric well-being) and self-reported medical error, and (3) examine the association between program-level wellness and objectively measured patient outcomes.

Summary Of Background Data: Poor wellness is prevalent among surgical trainees but the impact on medical error and objective patient outcomes (eg, morbidity or mortality) is unclear as existing studies are limited to physician and patient self-report of events and errors, small cohorts, or examine few outcomes.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was administered immediately following the January 2017 American Board of Surgery In-training Examination to clinically active general surgery residents to assess resident wellness and self-reported error.

Multi-institution Evaluation of Adherence to Comprehensive Postoperative VTE Chemoprophylaxis.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to: (1) measure the rate of failure to provide defect-free postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) chemoprophylaxis, (2) identify reasons for failure to provide defect-free VTE chemoprophylaxis, and (3) examine patient- and hospital-level factors associated with failure.

Summary Background Data: Current VTE quality measures are inadequate. VTE outcome measures are invalidated for interhospital comparison by surveillance bias.

Gender Differences in Utilization of Duty-hour Regulations, Aspects of Burnout, and Psychological Well-being Among General Surgery Residents in the United States.

Objective: The aim of the study was to (1) assess differences in how male and female general surgery residents utilize duty-hour regulations and experience aspects of burnout and psychological well-being, and (2) to explore reasons why these differing experiences exist.

Background: There may be differences in how women and men enter, experience, and leave residency programs.

Methods: A total of 7395 residents completed a survey (response rate = 99%).

Scar outcomes in dermatological surgery.

Background/objectives: Significant functional impairment and psychological burden may result from poor scar quality and its impact on patient's quality of life has been well-established. It is important to identify measures to reduce the risk of surgical complications.

Method: 212 patients undergoing dermatological surgery were recruited from March 2011 to February 2014.

Reducing colorectal surgical site infections: a novel, resident-driven, quality initiative.

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) cause significant patient morbidity and increase costs. This work prospectively examines our institutional effort to reduce SSIs through a resident-driven quality initiative.

Methods: A general surgery resident-championed, evidenced-based care bundle for patients undergoing colorectal surgery at a single academic institution was developed using attending mentorship.

Consensus recommendations on the use of daylight photodynamic therapy with methyl aminolevulinate cream for actinic keratoses in Australia.

Australia has the highest prevalence of actinic keratoses (AK) worldwide. Because of the risk of transformation of AK to invasive squamous cell carcinomas, consensus guidelines recommend that AK are removed using appropriate therapies to prevent progression to invasive disease. Daylight photodynamic therapy (PDT) is emerging as an efficacious treatment for AK, particularly for patients who require treatment of large areas of chronic actinic damage that can be exposed easily to daylight.

Treatment of face and scalp solar (actinic) keratosis with daylight-mediated photodynamic therapy is possible throughout the year in Australia: Evidence from a clinical and meteorological study.

Background/objectives: Solar (actinic) keratosis (AK) is an emergent concern worldwide and is associated with an increased risk of development of non-melanoma skin cancer, especially squamous cell carcinoma. Daylight-mediated photodynamic therapy (DL-PDT) using methyl aminolaevulinate cream has proved to be an effective, nearly painless, and more convenient alternative to conventional PDT for the treatment of AK. In a phase III, randomised, controlled trial performed in Australia, the mean irradiance (light intensity) received by patients during DL-PDT treatment, assessed via a spectroradiometer, was 305 W/m(2) (min.

Characterization and stability study of polysorbate 20 in therapeutic monoclonal antibody formulation by multidimensional ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-charged aerosol detection-mass spectrometry.

Polysorbate 20 is a nonionic surfactant commonly used in the formulation of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to prevent protein denaturation and aggregation. It is critical to understand the molecular heterogeneity and stability of polysorbate 20 in mAb formulations as polysorbate can gradually degrade in aqueous solution over time by multiple pathways losing surfactant functions and leading to protein aggregation. The molecular heterogeneity of polysorbate and the interference from proteins and the excipient in the formulation matrix make it a challenge to study polysorbate in protein formulations.

The effects of membrane filters used in biopharmaceutical processes on the concentration and composition of polysorbate 20.

Polysorbate 20 (PS-20) is often included in the formulation for therapeutic proteins to reduce protein aggregation and surface adsorption. During the production process of therapeutic proteins, various membrane filters are used to filter product pools containing PS-20. The purpose of this study is to quantify the effects of these membrane filtration processes on the concentration and composition of PS-20.

Identification of a single base-pair mutation of TAA (Stop codon) → GAA (Glu) that causes light chain extension in a CHO cell derived IgG1.

We describe here the identification of a stop codon TAA (Stop) → GAA (Glu) = Stop221E mutation on the light chain of a recombinant IgG1 antibody expressed in a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line. The extended light chain variants, which were caused by translation beyond the mutated stop codon to the next alternative in-frame stop codon, were observed by mass spectra analysis. The abnormal peptide peaks present in tryptic and chymotryptic LC-MS peptide mapping were confirmed by N-terminal sequencing as C-terminal light chain extension peptides.