Discriminant Validity of Interval Response Formats: Investigating the Dimensional Structure of Interval Widths.

In psychological research, respondents are usually asked to answer questions with a single response value. A useful alternative are interval response formats like the dual-range slider (DRS) where respondents provide an interval with a lower and an upper bound for each item. Interval responses may be used to measure psychological constructs such as variability in the domain of personality (e.

Simulation studies for methodological research in psychology: A standardized template for planning, preregistration, and reporting.

Simulation studies are widely used for evaluating the performance of statistical methods in psychology. However, the quality of simulation studies can vary widely in terms of their design, execution, and reporting. In order to assess the quality of typical simulation studies in psychology, we reviewed 321 articles published in in 2021 and 2022, among which 100/321 = 31.

Bayesian estimation and comparison of idiographic network models.

Idiographic network models are estimated on time series data of a single individual and allow researchers to investigate person-specific associations between multiple variables over time. The most common approach for fitting graphical vector autoregressive (GVAR) models uses least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regularization to estimate a contemporaneous and a temporal network. However, estimation of idiographic networks can be unstable in relatively small data sets typical for psychological research.

Evaluating the robustness of parameter estimates in cognitive models: A meta-analytic review of multinomial processing tree models across the multiverse of estimation methods.

Researchers have become increasingly aware that data-analysis decisions affect results. Here, we examine this issue systematically for multinomial processing tree (MPT) models, a popular class of cognitive models for categorical data. Specifically, we examine the robustness of MPT model parameter estimates that arise from two important decisions: the level of data aggregation (complete-pooling, no-pooling, or partial-pooling) and the statistical framework (frequentist or Bayesian).

Measuring the variability of personality traits with interval responses: Psychometric properties of the dual-range slider response format : Measuring variability with interval responses.

Measuring the variability in persons' behaviors and experiences using ecological momentary assessment is time-consuming and costly. We investigate whether interval responses provided through a dual-range slider (DRS) response format can be used as a simple and efficient alternative: Respondents indicate variability in their behavior in a retrospective rating by choosing a lower and an upper bound on a continuous, bounded scale. We investigate the psychometric properties of this response format as a prerequisite for further validation.

The relevance of syntactic complexity for truth judgments: A registered report.

Fluency theories predict higher truth judgments for easily processed statements. We investigated two factors relevant for processing fluency: repetition and syntactic complexity. In three online experiments, we manipulated syntactic complexity by creating simple and complex versions of trivia statements.

How to develop, test, and extend multinomial processing tree models: A tutorial.

Many psychological theories assume that observable responses are determined by multiple latent processes. Multinomial processing tree (MPT) models are a class of cognitive models for discrete responses that allow researchers to disentangle and measure such processes. Before applying MPT models to specific psychological theories, it is necessary to tailor a model to specific experimental designs.

The Dirichlet Dual Response Model: An Item Response Model for Continuous Bounded Interval Responses.

Standard response formats such as rating or visual analogue scales require respondents to condense distributions of latent states or behaviors into a single value. Whereas this is suitable to measure central tendency, it neglects the variance of distributions. As a remedy, variability may be measured using interval-response formats, more specifically the dual-range slider (RS2).

Enabling Population Biology Studies of from Onion with Microsatellites.

Stemphylium leaf blight (SLB), caused by the fungus , is dominant within the foliar disease complex affecting onion production in New York (NY). The disease causes premature defoliation and significant reductions in bulb weight and quality. Foliar diseases of onion are usually managed by an intensive fungicide program, but SLB management is complicated by resistance to multiple single-site modes of action.

A tutorial on Bayesian model-averaged meta-analysis in JASP.

Researchers conduct meta-analyses in order to synthesize information across different studies. Compared to standard meta-analytic methods, Bayesian model-averaged meta-analysis offers several practical advantages including the ability to quantify evidence in favor of the absence of an effect, the ability to monitor evidence as individual studies accumulate indefinitely, and the ability to draw inferences based on multiple models simultaneously. This tutorial introduces the concepts and logic underlying Bayesian model-averaged meta-analysis and illustrates its application using the open-source software JASP.

Cheating to benefit others? On the relation between Honesty-Humility and prosocial lies.

Objective: Among basic personality traits, Honesty-Humility yields the most consistent, negative link with dishonest behavior. The theoretical conceptualization of Honesty-Humility, however, suggests a potential boundary condition of this relation, namely, when lying is prosocial. We therefore tested the hypothesis that the association between Honesty-Humility and dishonesty weakens once lying benefits someone else, particularly so if this other is needy.

, a New iOS Application for Assessment of Damage by Diseases and Insect Pests Using Sequential Sampling Plans.

Regular scouting for plant diseases and insect pests by growers, crop consultants, extension educators, and researchers (herein defined as stakeholders) is the cornerstone of integrated pest management practices. Sequential sampling plans have the potential to save time and labor in field scouting and reduce the frequency of errors surrounding decision-making. The incorporation of the algorithms behind sequential sampling plans into mobile devices can make scouting for diseases and insect pests more straightforward, practical, and enjoyable.

The Population of f. sp. in Brazil Is Not Structured by Vegetative Compatibility Group or by Geographic Origin.

Fusarium wilt, caused by the soilborne fungus f. sp. (), is considered one of the most destructive diseases of bananas in Brazil.

Waldian t tests: Sequential Bayesian t tests with controlled error probabilities.

Bayesian tests have become increasingly popular alternatives to null-hypothesis significance testing (NHST) in psychological research. In contrast to NHST, they allow for the quantification of evidence in favor of the null hypothesis and for optional stopping. A major drawback of Bayesian tests, however, is that error probabilities of statistical decisions remain uncontrolled.

A review of applications of the Bayes factor in psychological research.

The last 25 years have shown a steady increase in attention for the Bayes factor as a tool for hypothesis evaluation and model selection. The present review highlights the potential of the Bayes factor in psychological research. We discuss six types of applications: Bayesian evaluation of point null, interval, and informative hypotheses, Bayesian evidence synthesis, Bayesian variable selection and model averaging, and Bayesian evaluation of cognitive models.

Sensitive attitudes and adherence to recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic: Comparing direct and indirect questioning techniques.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, various behavioral measures were imposed to curb the spread of the virus. In a preregistered study based on a quota-representative sample of adult Danish citizens ( = 1031), we compared the prevalence estimates of self-reported handwashing, physical distancing, and attitudes toward the behavioral measures between people surveyed with a direct and an indirect questioning approach (i.e.

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Stemphylium Leaf Blight and Potential Inoculum Sources in New York Onion Fields.

Stemphylium leaf blight (SLB) caused by is the dominant foliar disease affecting large-scale onion production in New York. The disease is managed by fungicides, but control failures are prevalent and are attributed to fungicide resistance. Little is known of the relative role of inoculum sources in initiation and spread of SLB epidemics.

Assessing the "paradox" of converging evidence by modeling the joint distribution of individual differences: Comment on Davis-Stober and Regenwetter (2019).

Davis-Stober and Regenwetter (2019; D&R) showed that even when all predictions of a theory hold in separate studies, not even a single individual may be described by all predictions jointly. To illustrate this "paradox" of converging evidence, D&R derived upper and lower bounds on the proportion of individuals for whom all predictions of a theory hold. These bounds reflect extreme positive and negative stochastic dependence of individual differences across predictions.

Stemphylium Leaf Blight: A Re-Emerging Threat to Onion Production in Eastern North America.

Stemphylium leaf blight (SLB), caused by , is a foliar disease of onion worldwide, and has recently become an important disease in the northeastern United States and Ontario, Canada. The symptoms begin as small, tan to brown lesions on the leaves that can progress to defoliate plants. Crop loss occurs through reduced photosynthetic area, resulting in smaller, lower-quality bulbs.

Incidence, Spatial Pattern and Temporal Progress of Fusarium Wilt of Bananas.

The effective management of Fusarium wilt of bananas (FWB) depends on the knowledge of the disease dynamics in time and space. The objectives of this work were: to estimate disease intensity and impact, and to investigate the spatial and temporal dynamics of FWB. Fields planted with Silk ( = 10), Pome ( = 17), or Cavendish ( = 3) banana subgroups were surveyed in Brazil, totaling 95 ha.

Weevil Borers Affect the Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Banana Fusarium Wilt.

Dispersal of propagules of a pathogen has remarkable effects on the development of epidemics. Previous studies suggested that insect pests play a role in the development of Fusarium wilt (FW) epidemics in banana fields. We provided complementary evidence for the involvement of two insect pests of banana, the weevil borer ( L.

Development of a Sequential Sampling Plan using Spatial Attributes of Cercospora Leaf Spot Epidemics of Table Beet in New York.

Sampling strategies that effectively assess disease intensity in the field are important to underpin management decisions. To develop a sequential sampling plan for the incidence of Cercospora leaf spot (CLS), caused by , 31 table beet fields were assessed in the state of New York. Assessments of CLS incidence were performed in six leaves arbitrarily selected in 51 sampling locations along each of three to six linear transects per field.

Measures of dependence in menthol and nonmenthol smokers - A comprehensive narrative review.

More than a decade ago, concerns were raised that menthol in cigarettes might enhance addiction to smoking. This article provides a comprehensive review of published studies examining cigarette dependence among menthol and nonmenthol smokers. The purpose of the review is to evaluate the scientific evidence to determine if menthol increases cigarette dependence.