A reliable, colloidal synthesis method of the orthorhombic chalcogenide perovskite, BaZrS, and related ABS nanomaterials (A = Sr, Ba; B = Ti, Zr, Hf): a step forward for earth-abundant, functional materials.

Recently, chalcogenide perovskites, of the form ABX, where typically A = alkaline earth metals Ca, Sr, or Ba; B = group IV transition metals Zr or Hf; and X = chalcogens S or Se, have become of interest for their potential optoelectronic properties. In this work, we build upon recent studies and show a general synthesis protocol, involving the use of carbon disulfide insertion chemistry, to generate highly reactive precursors that can be used towards the colloidal synthesis of numerous ABS nanomaterials, including BaTiS, BaZrS, BaHfS, α-SrZrS and α-SrHfS. We overcome the shortcomings in the current literature where BaZrS nanoparticles are synthesized in separate phases colloidal methods and lack a reproducible protocol for orthorhombic perovskite nanoparticles.

Early Rates of Revision Surgery in Endoscopic and Open Carpal Tunnel Release.

Purpose: To compare rates of revision surgery between primary endoscopic carpal tunnel release (ECTR) and open carpal tunnel release (OCTR). In addition, we aimed to assess the influence of fellowship training on revision rates. We hypothesized that ECTR would not be associated with higher rates of revision surgery.

Applications of Diels-Alder Chemistry in Biomaterials and Drug Delivery.

Recent studies, leveraging click chemistry reactions, have significantly advanced the fields of biomaterials and drug delivery. Of these click reactions, the Diels-Alder cycloaddition is exceptionally valuable for synthetic organic chemistry and biomaterial design, as it occurs under mild reaction conditions and can undergo a retrograde reaction, under physiologically relevant conditions, to yield the initial reactants. In this review, potential applications of the Diels-Alder reaction are explored within the nexus of biomaterials and drug delivery.

Superior Laser Peripheral Iridotomy Confers Greater Risk of Negative Dysphotopsias than Temporal Laser Peripheral Iridotomy.

Purpose: Laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) is largely used as the first course of action to treat primary angle-closure (PAC). Previous literature has long been divided on the relationship between iridotomy position and dysphotopsia onset. The current study investigates whether there is a correlation between iridotomy position, temporal versus superior, and new onset post-operative dysphotopsia rates.

Comparison of Artificial Intelligence to Resident Performance on Upper-Extremity Orthopaedic In-Training Examination Questions.

Purpose: Currently, there is a paucity of prior investigations and studies examining applications for artificial intelligence (AI) in upper-extremity (UE) surgical education. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the performance of a novel AI tool (ChatGPT) on UE questions on the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination (OITE). We aimed to compare the performance of ChatGPT to the examination performance of hand surgery residents.

Posttranscriptional Modification to Modulate Progenitor Differentiation on Heterotypic Spheroids.

Cell aggregates are widely used to study heterotypic cellular interactions during the development of vascularization . In this study, we examined heterotypic cellular spheroids made of adipose-derived stem cells and CD34/CD31 endothelial progenitor cells induced by the transfection of miR-148b mimic for induction of osteogenic differentiation and miR-210 mimic for induction of endotheliogenesis, respectively. The effect of the microRNA (miRs) mimic treatment group and induction time on codifferentiation was assessed in spheroids formed of transfected cells over the course of a 4-week culture.

Investigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on recovery colleges: multi-site qualitative study.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, mental health problems increased as access to mental health services reduced. Recovery colleges are recovery-focused adult education initiatives delivered by people with professional and lived mental health expertise. Designed to be collaborative and inclusive, they were uniquely positioned to support people experiencing mental health problems during the pandemic.

Orthopaedic Research Consortiums: A Review of Scope, Sex and Racial Representation.

Introduction The creation of research groups and consortiums has become more common in all medical and surgical specialities. The purpose of this investigation was to assess and describe collaborative research groups and consortiums within orthopaedic surgery. In addition, we aimed to define the demographics of the research consortium members with particular attention to female and minority members.

Surgeon Factors and Trends Associated With the Use of Subacromial Decompression at the Time of Rotator Cuff Repair.

Purpose: Subacromial decompression (SAD) has historically been described as an essential part of the surgical treatment of rotator cuff disorders. However, investigations throughout the 21st century have increasingly questioned the need for routine SAD during rotator cuff repair (RCR). Our purpose was to assess for changes in the incidence of SAD performed during RCR over a 12-year period.

Fates of Terrigenous Dissolved Organic Carbon in the Gulf of Maine.

A significant amount of organic carbon is transported in dissolved form from soils to coastal oceans via inland water systems, bridging land and ocean carbon reservoirs. However, it has been discovered that the presence of terrigenous dissolved organic carbon (tDOC) in oceans is relatively limited. Therefore, understanding the fates of tDOC in coastal oceans is essential to account for carbon sequestration through land ecosystems and ensure accurate regional carbon budgeting.

Near-Infrared Induced miR-34a Delivery from Nanoparticles in Esophageal Cancer Treatment.

Current nucleic acid delivery methods have not achieved efficient, non-toxic delivery of miRNAs with tumor-specific selectivity. In this study, a new delivery system based on light-inducible gold-silver-gold, core-shell-shell (CSS) nanoparticles is presented. This system delivers small nucleic acid therapeutics with precise spatiotemporal control, demonstrating the potential for achieving tumor-specific selectivity and efficient delivery of miRNA mimics.

Polypharmacy, over-the-counter medications, and aromatase inhibitor adherence in early-stage breast cancer.

Purpose: Polypharmacy is associated with negative health outcomes and decreased medication adherence. Polypharmacy is common in cancer populations, but few studies have evaluated the relationship between polypharmacy and aromatase inhibitor (AI) adherence. No studies have evaluated the relationship between over-the-counter (OTC) supplements and AI adherence.

Breast Cancer Circulating Tumor Cells: Current Clinical Applications and Future Prospects.

Background: Identification and characterization of circulating tumor markers, designated as "liquid biopsies," have greatly impacted the care of cancer patients. Although more recently referring to circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), the term liquid biopsy initially was coined to refer to any blood-borne biomarker related to malignancy, including circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood. In this manuscript, we review the specific state of the art of CTCs in breast cancer.