Guiding Evidence-Based Classification in Para Sporting Populations: A Systematic Review of Impairment Measures and Activity Limitations.

Background: As the focus of classification shifts towards an evidence-based approach, it is crucial to establish a robust system that relies on valid and reliable measures of impairment to ensure legitimate and competitive opportunities for all Para athletes. However, the lack of methods that possess the necessary measurement properties for assessing impairments in Para sporting populations presents significant challenges to developing an evidence-based classification system.

Objective: This review aimed to identify and evaluate measures of impairment and activity limitation measures that have been used to assess eligible impairments in Para sport athletes for potential use in evidence-based classification.

Gravitational Form Factors of the Proton from Lattice QCD.

The gravitational form factors (GFFs) of a hadron encode fundamental aspects of its structure, including its shape and size as defined from, e.g., its energy density.

Efficacy of Morning Shorter Wavelength Lighting in the Visible (Blue) Range and Broad-Spectrum or Blue-Enriched Bright White Light in Regulating Sleep, Mood, and Fatigue in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) profoundly affects sleep, mood, and fatigue, impeding daily functioning and recovery. This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of morning shorter wavelength lighting in the visible (blue) range and broad-spectrum or blue-enriched bright white light exposure in mitigating these challenges among TBI patients. Through electronic database searches up to May 2023, studies assessing sleep, circadian rhythm, sleepiness, mood, and fatigue outcomes in TBI patients exposed to morning shorter wavelength lighting in the visible (blue) range and broad-spectrum or blue-enriched bright white light were identified.

Effects of age and playing position on field-based physical fitness measures in adolescent female soccer players.

Background: While numerous studies have explored age and playing position effects on fitness levels in male adolescent soccer players, research on female players in this context is lacking. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of age and playing position on field-based physical fitness measures in adolescent female soccer players, with consideration for maturity.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 284 females aged 12.

Effect of high-dose supplementation on hospitalized adults with COVID-19: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: () is a cyanobacterium proven to have anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antioxidant effects. However, the effect of high-dose supplementation on hospitalized adults with COVID-19 is currently unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of high-dose for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Functional electrical stimulation combined with voluntary cycling accentuates VO response in people with severe multiple sclerosis: A pilot study.

Background: Lower limb muscle weakness and reduced balance due to disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS) may make robust aerobic exercise difficult. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) cycling combined with voluntary cycling may allow people with severe MS to enhance the intensity of aerobic exercise. The aim of this study was to investigate the cardiorespiratory, power, and participant-reported perceptions during acute bouts of FES cycling, voluntary cycling, and FES cycling combined with voluntary cycling (FES assist cycling).

Healthy behaviors and gestational diabetes mellitus in an Iranian setting: A cross-sectional study.

The objective of this study is to determine the healthy behaviors of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Ardabil in 2020. An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted on 360 mothers with GDM in Ardabil in 2020. Self-reported data was collected using a sociodemographic and a lifestyle questionnaire (LSQ) with assistance from health staff.

The effects of hybrid functional electrical stimulation interval training on aerobic fitness and fatigue in people with advanced multiple sclerosis: An exploratory pilot training study.

Background: Improving aerobic fitness in people with advanced multiple sclerosis (MS) may reduce fatigue, and lower the risk of cardiovascular disease, as has been found for people with mild to moderate MS. Training targeting aerobic fitness can be challenging due to paresis, access to suitable equipment and fatigue. The aim of this study was to investigate whether people with advanced multiple sclerosis could perform functional electrical stimulation (FES) cycling combined with arm crank interval exercise (hybrid FES interval training) training, and its effects on aerobic fitness and fatigue.

Effects of Age and Playing Position on Field-Based Physical Fitness Measures in Adolescent Female Netball Players.

This cross-sectional study investigated the impact of age and playing position, controlling for maturity, on physical fitness indicators in 303 adolescent female netball players aged 12.0 to 15.9 years.

Effect of Blood Flow Restriction during the Rest Periods of Squats on Accuracy of Estimated Repetitions to Failure.

This study investigated the impact of resistance training with blood flow restriction during rest (BFR) on the accuracy of estimated repetitions to failure (ERF). It also explored associations between error in ERF and mean concentric velocity (MCV) along with physiological responses. In a randomised cross-over study, 18 male trainers (23.

Acute Effects of Resistance Exercise on Intraocular Pressure in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review.

Hackett, DA, Li, J, Wang, B, Way, KL, Cross, T, and Tran, DL. Acute effects of resistance exercise on intraocular pressure in healthy adults: A systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 38(2): 394-404, 2024-Intraocular pressure (IOP) tends to fluctuate during a resistance exercise (RE).

Social stigma during COVID-19: A systematic review.

Objectives: Stigmatization was reported throughout the COVID pandemic for COVID-19 patients and close contacts. The aim of this systematic review was to comprehensively examine the prevalence and impact of stigmatization during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: English articles were searched using online databases that included PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science up to 24 August 2022.

Estimating the Size of the Hidden Population of COVID-19.

Introduction: An asymptomatic population has the same infection as symptomatic individuals, so these individuals can unknowingly spread the virus. It is not possible to predict the rate of epidemic growth by considering only the identified isolated or hospitalized population. In this study, we want to estimate the size of the COVID-19 population, based on information derived from patients visiting medical centers.

Cluster Sets to Prescribe Interval Resistance Training: A Potential Method to Optimise Resistance Training Safety, Feasibility and Efficacy in Cardiac Patients.

The integration of resistance training for cardiac patients leads to important health outcomes that are not optimally obtained with aerobic exercise; these include an increase in muscle mass, maintenance of bone mineral density, and improvements in muscular fitness parameters. Despite the proliferation of evidence supporting resistance exercise in recent decades, the implementation of resistance training is underutilised, and prescription is often sub-optimal in cardiac patients. This is frequently associated with safety concerns and inadequate methods of practical exercise prescription.

Potential of macronutrients and probiotics to boost immunity in patients with SARS-COV-2: a narrative review.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2) may cause inflammation and increased cytokine secretion. Dietary factors may play an important role in enhancing the immune responses against infectious diseases such as SARS-COV-2. This narrative review aims to determine the effectiveness of macronutrients and probiotics to improve immunity in SARS-COV-2 patients.

Reactions and perspectives of medical students on workplace violence during clinical training in Ardabil, Iran, 2020.

Background: Workplace violence continues among medical students in training. This study aimed to determine the reactions and perspectives of medical students against workplace violence during clinical training in Ardabil University of Medical Sciences in Iran, 2020.

Materials: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 medical students from April to March 2020, in the Ardabil university hospitals.

Effects of Smoking on COVID-19 Management and Mortality: An Umbrella Review.

Introduction: Smoking status appears to lead to a poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients. However, findings from the studies conducted on this topic have not been consistent, and further exploration is required.

Methods: The objective of this umbrella review was to examine the effects of smoking on COVID-19 management and mortality.

Sexual and reproductive history of female prisoners in Iran: a health care needs analysis.

Purpose: According to estimates, there are approximately 714,000 female prisoners in the world. A considerable proportion are pregnant, of childbearing age at the time of incarceration and may experience numerous reproductive health concerns. The purpose of this study is to examine the demographics and sexual and reproductive history of female prisoners in Iran.

Effect of Exercise on Liver Function and Insulin Resistance Markers in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Structured exercise as part of lifestyle modification plays an important role in the improvement of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, its effectiveness has been shown to vary. This systematic review with meta-analysis investigated the effects of exercise on liver function and insulin resistance markers in patients with NAFLD.

Methods: Six electronic databases were searched using terms related to exercise and NAFLD up to March 2022.

Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling Combined With Arm Cranking Exercise on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in People With Central Nervous System Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To examine the evidence regarding the potential of hybrid functional electrical stimulation (FES) cycling for improving cardiorespiratory fitness for people with a mobility disability related to a central nervous system (CNS) disorder.

Data Sources: Nine electronic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycInfo, SPORTDiscus, Pedro, Cochrane, and Scopus, were searched from inception until October 2022.

Study Selection: Search terms included multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury (SCI), stroke, Parkinson's disease, cerebral palsy, synonyms of FES cycling, arm crank ergometry (ACE) or hybrid exercise, and V̇o.

Hearing loss and COVID-19: an umbrella review.

Introduction: COVID-19 can result in an extensive range of extrapulmonary, and neurological signs and symptoms such as olfactory and/or taste dysfunction, and otologic symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the hearing loss manifestation from COVID-19.

Methods: The goal of this umbrella review was to examine hearing loss associated with COVID-19 disease.