Predictive biomarkers of radiotherapy- related dermatitis, xerostomia, mucositis and dysphagia in head and neck cancer: A systematic review.

Background: Radiotherapy is essential for treating head and neck cancer but often leads to severe toxicity. Traditional predictors include anatomical location, tumor extent, and dosimetric data. Recently, biomarkers have been explored to better predict and understand toxicity.

Effect of dose to parotid ducts on Sticky Saliva and Xerostomia in radiotherapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Radiotherapy (RT) in head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) often leads to sticky saliva and xerostomia (SSX). Dose sparing of salivary glands (SG) reduces occurrence of SSX but few studies investigated the relationship between RT dose to SG substructures and SSX. We therefore investigated this hypothesis, focusing on the parotid duct (PD).

Inhibition of CXCR4 Enhances the Efficacy of Radiotherapy in Metastatic Prostate Cancer Models.

Radiotherapy (RT) is a standard treatment for patients with advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Previous preclinical studies showed that SDF1α/CXCR4 axis could mediate PCa metastasis (most often to the bones) and cancer resistance to RT. We found high levels of expression for both SDF1α and its receptor CXCR4 in primary and metastatic PCa tissue samples.

Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated with Radiotherapy-A Systematic Review.

: Radiotherapy is a mainstay in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treatment but is mostly applied without stratification by molecular diagnostics. Development of reliable biomarkers may have the potential to improve radiotherapy (RT) efficacy and reduce toxicity. We conducted a systematic review to summarize the field of biomarkers in HNSCC treated by RT.

VoiceS: voice quality after transoral CO laser surgery versus single vocal cord irradiation for unilateral stage 0 and I glottic larynx cancer-a randomized phase III trial.

Background: Surgery and radiotherapy are well-established standards of care for unilateral stage 0 and I early-stage glottic cancer (ESGC). Based on comparative studies and meta-analyses, functional and oncological outcomes after both treatment modalities are similar. Historically, radiotherapy (RT) has been performed by irradiation of the whole larynx.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy for recurrent hemoptysis due to chronic pulmonary aspergillosis: a case report and systematic review of the literature.

Purpose: Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) can manifest as fungus balls in preexisting cavities of lung parenchyma and recurrent hemoptysis is among the most frequent complications. Radiotherapy can be considered for treatment-refractory aspergilloma and severe hemoptysis. To the best of our knowledge, we present the first application of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for a pulmonary aspergilloma in a patient with limited functional lung capacity.

The prognostic impact of daytime and seasonality of radiotherapy on head and neck cancer.

Background: The potential impact of daytime and season of radiotherapy application on prognosis is unclear. This was analyzed in a retrospective cohort of patients who were diagnosed with non-metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and treated with definitive radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: Patient and tumor characteristics, treatment parameters and outcome until last follow-up or death were obtained.

The impact of delivery daytime and seasonality of radiotherapy for head and neck cancer on toxicity burden.

Aim: The potential impact of the daytime and season of radiotherapy application on acute and late toxicity burden was analyzed on a cohort of curatively treated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients.

Methods: Through a retrospective chart review, patient and tumor characteristics, treatment parameters and outcome were obtained. Patients treated with definitive or adjuvant radiotherapy with and without chemotherapy receiving ≥60 Gy between 2002 and 2015 were included (n = 617).

Placental growth factor promotes tumour desmoplasia and treatment resistance in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC)-a rare liver malignancy with limited therapeutic options-is characterised by aggressive progression, desmoplasia and vascular abnormalities. The aim of this study was to determine the role of placental growth factor (PlGF) in ICC progression.

Design: We evaluated the expression of PlGF in specimens from ICC patients and assessed the therapeutic effect of genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of PlGF in orthotopically grafted ICC mouse models.

Characterisation and classification of oligometastatic disease: a European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology and European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer consensus recommendation.

Oligometastatic disease has been proposed as an intermediate state between localised and systemically metastasised disease. In the absence of randomised phase 3 trials, early clinical studies show improved survival when radical local therapy is added to standard systemic therapy for oligometastatic disease. However, since no biomarker for the identification of patients with true oligometastatic disease is clinically available, the diagnosis of oligometastatic disease is based solely on imaging findings.

Evolution of treatment strategies for oligometastatic NSCLC patients - A systematic review of the literature.

Background: The concept of oligometastatic disease (OMD) has expanded the scope of potentially curative therapy for metastatic NSCLC. However, large uncertainties remain regarding its definition and optimal management strategies. We therefore conducted a systematic review to investigate the value of various multimodality treatment concepts.

Epigenetic regulation of NFE2 overexpression in myeloproliferative neoplasms.

The transcription factor "nuclear factor erythroid 2" (NFE2) is overexpressed in the majority of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). In murine models, elevated NFE2 levels cause an MPN phenotype with spontaneous leukemic transformation. However, both the molecular mechanisms leading to NFE2 overexpression and its downstream targets remain incompletely understood.

Impact of 4D-(18)FDG-PET/CT imaging on target volume delineation in SBRT patients with central versus peripheral lung tumors. Multi-reader comparative study.

Purpose: Evaluation of the effect of co-registered 4D-(18)FDG-PET/CT for SBRT target delineation in patients with central versus peripheral lung tumors.

Methods: Analysis of internal target volume (ITV) delineation of central and peripheral lung lesions in 21 SBRT-patients. Manual delineation was performed by 4 observers in 2 contouring phases: on respiratory gated 4DCT with diagnostic 3DPET available aside (CT-ITV) and on co-registered 4DPET/CT (PET/CT-ITV).

Stereotactic body radiotherapy for centrally located stage I NSCLC: a multicenter analysis.

Purpose: The purpose of this work is to analyze patterns of care and outcome after stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for centrally located, early-stage, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to address the question of potential risk for increased toxicity in this entity.

Methods And Materials: A total of 90 patients with centrally located NSCLC were identified among 613 cases in a database of 13 German and Austrian academic radiotherapy centers. The outcome of centrally located NSCLC was compared to that of cases with peripheral tumor location from the same database.

The influence of retinoic Acid and thalidomide on the radiosensitivity of u343 glioblastoma cells.

Background/aim: 13-cis-retinoic acid (RA) and thalidomide have shown a synergistic anti-proliferative effect on U343 glioblastoma (GBM) cells. In the present study, we test if their combined treatment might enhance the radiosensitivity of these cells.

Materials And Methods: The radiosensitivity of U343 GBM cells was determined by the colony formation assay.

NF-E2 overexpression delays erythroid maturation and increases erythrocyte production.

The transcription factor Nuclear Factor-Erythroid 2 (NF-E2) is overexpressed in the vast majority of patients with polycythaemia vera (PV). In murine models, NF-E2 overexpression increases proliferation and promotes cellular viability in the absence of erythropoietin (EPO). EPO-independent growth is a hallmark of PV.