The association of multi-system conditions on mental health trajectories during naval deployment.

This study seeks to enhance understanding of mental health trajectories across Navy deployments and the predictors of those trajectories by exploring a range of job design and individual-level factors. Personnel from the Royal Australian Navy were surveyed on pre-deployment, mid-deployment, and post-deployment. At pre-deployment, there were 559 ( = 30.

A qualitative investigation of demands, resources and self-regulation during Navy deployment.

Creating a sustainable workplace for Navy personnel is vital for their wellbeing and retention. This qualitative study explores the interplay between job and personal demands, resources, and stress self-regulation strategies affecting psychological strain among Navy personnel during deployment. We conducted semi-structured key informant interviews with 25 Navy personnel (68% male) to determine the demands and resources at sea that affect psychological strain.

Road to referral success in COPD: Enhancing patient engagement through dedicated conversations about pulmonary rehabilitation programs.

Research Question: From the perspectives of healthcare professionals (HCPs) and people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) known to tertiary care, what influences successful referrals to a pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP)?

Methods: This cross-sectional qualitative study was informed by a critical realist perspective. We purposively sampled people with COPD and HCPs who deliver COPD care and used semi-structured interviews and focus groups to explore determinants of a successful referral to a PRP. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Psychosocial predictors of doping intentions and use in sport and exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To conduct a meta-analytic review of psychosocial predictors of doping intention, doping use and inadvertent doping in sport and exercise settings.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Scopus, Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, CINAHL Plus, ProQuest Dissertations/Theses and Open Grey.

Interventions with a clear focus on achieving behaviour change are important for maintaining training-related gains in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review.

Questions: In people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who complete an exercise training program (ETP) offered at a sufficient dose to result in training-related gains, to what extent are these gains maintained 12 months after program completion? Do variables such as the application of behaviour change techniques moderate the maintenance of these training-related gains?

Design: Systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomised controlled trials.

Participants: People with stable COPD.

Intervention: Trials were included if they applied ≥ 4 weeks of a whole-body ETP and reported outcome data immediately following program completion and 12 months after initial program completion.

Stepping back or stepping in: A qualitative investigation of self-distanced versus self-immersed stressor reflections with competitive swimmers.

High performance sport consists of stressor events which can disrupt an athletes' functioning and negatively influence performance. The way in which one reflects upon stressor events and develops insights regarding how they coped is essential to overcoming similar experiences in the future. We conducted a pilot randomised controlled trial with a qualitative analysis to explore the coping insights among 48 highly trained/national level swimmers in the lead up to major swimming competitions, who reflected on stressor events from self-distanced or self-immersed perspectives over a 3-week period.

Quantifying uptake and completion of pulmonary rehabilitation programs in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease known to tertiary care.

Background: People with symptomatic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) benefit from pulmonary rehabilitation programs (PRPs), but program attrition is common.

Methods: For people with COPD who presented to tertiary care and appeared appropriate for a PRP, we prospectively mapped their PRP journey, explored factors influencing attendance to pre-program assessment and captured program attrition.

Results: Of the 391 participants, 31% (95% CI 27 to 36) were referred to a PRP ( = 123; age 68 ± 10years, 62 males [50%], FEV 45 ± 19%predicted).

Health behaviour profiles in young Australian adults in relation to physical and mental health: The Raine Study.

Issues Addressed: We aimed to identify latent health behaviour profiles of young adults and examine their associations with physical and mental health outcomes. We also characterised the profiles by socio-demographic characteristics.

Methods: Data were collected between 2012 and 2014.

Examining the roles of experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion on the effects from mindfulness to athlete burnout: A longitudinal study.

Objectives: Athlete burnout is a maladaptive outcome that is potentially detrimental for performance and wellbeing. Cross-sectional evidence suggests that mindfulness might be associated with athlete burnout via experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion. In the current study, we extend knowledge of these hypothesized mediational pathways using a longitudinal design.

Intraindividual variability in sleep among athletes: A systematic review of definitions, operationalizations, and key correlates.

Via systematic review with narrative synthesis of findings, we aimed to document the ways by which researchers have defined, operationalized, and examined sleep variability among athletes. We identified studies in which scholars examined intraperson variability in sleep among athletes via a search of six databases (Web of Science, Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, CINHAL Plus, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global) using a protocol that included keywords for the target outcome (sleep*), population (athlet* OR sport*), and outcome operationalization (variability OR variation OR "standard deviation" OR fluctuate OR fluctuation OR stability OR instability OR reactivity OR IIV OR intraindividual). We complemented this primary search with citation searching of eligible articles.

Applying the behavioural change wheel to guide the implementation of a biopsychosocial approach to musculoskeletal pain care.

Achieving high value, biopsychosocial pain care can be complex, involving multiple stakeholders working synergistically to support the implementation of quality care. In order to empower healthcare professionals to assess, identify and analyse biopsychosocial factors contributing to musculoskeletal pain, and describe what changes are needed in the whole-of-system to navigate this complexity, we aimed to: (1) map established barriers and enablers influencing healthcare professionals' adoption of a biopsychosocial approach to musculoskeletal pain against behaviour change frameworks; and (2) identify behaviour change techniques to facilitate and support the adoption and improve pain education. A five-step process informed by the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) was undertaken: (i) from a recently published qualitative evidence synthesis, barriers and enablers were mapped onto the Capability Opportunity Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model and Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) using "best fit" framework synthesis; (ii) relevant stakeholder groups involved in the whole-of-health were identified as audiences for potential interventions; (iii) possible intervention functions were considered based on the Affordability, Practicability, Effectiveness and Cost-effectiveness, Acceptability, Side-effects/safety, Equity criteria; (iv) a conceptual model was synthesised to understand the behavioural determinants underpinning biopsychosocial pain care; (v) behaviour change techniques (BCTs) to improve adoption were identified.

Predictors of intentions of adults over 35 years to participate in walking sport programs: A social-ecological mixed-methods approach.

There is a growing need to identify acceptable and feasible opportunities to engage adults over 35 years in physical activity. Walking sports may be a potential means to engage adults in sport; however, there is limited evidence regarding appeal and feasibility to support its implementation and delivery. Using a two-step mixed-methods approach, we aimed (1) to quantitively identify significant predictors of intentions of adults over 35 years to participate in walking sports and (2) to understand why and how these identified predictors may be contextually relevant to the target group.

"More than just a walk in the park": A multi-stakeholder qualitative exploration of community-based walking sport programmes for middle-aged and older adults.

In spite of the large-scale growth of walking sport (WS) programmes globally, limited research has explored the experiences of the key stakeholders involved in such programmes (i.e. decision-makers, facilitators, and players).

Autonomous motivation promotes goal attainment through the conscious investment of effort, but mental contrasting with implementation intentions makes goal striving easier.

People with autonomous motives (e.g., personal importance) may use automated strategies to effortlessly sustain goal-directed behavior and overcome obstacles.

Enhancing functional recovery for young people recovering from first episode psychosis via sport-based life skills training: outcomes of a feasibility and pilot study.

Early intervention within First Episode Psychosis (FEP) recovery efforts support functional recovery in several ways, including increasing levels of (1) physical activity (2) life skills, and (3) social connectivity. Sport has been proposed as an ideal platform to target these three goals simultaneously. The primary aims were to assess the feasibility of utilising sport-based life skills within FEP recovery efforts and test intervention components.

Stressor reflections, sleep, and psychological well-being: A pre-registered experimental test of self-distanced versus self-immersed reflections.

Evidence supports the effectiveness of cuing people to analyse negative autobiographical experiences from self-distanced rather than self-immersed perspectives. However, the evidence on which this expectation resides is limited largely to static snapshots of mean levels of cognitive and emotional factors. Via a pre-registered, randomised controlled trial (N = 257), we examined the differential effectiveness of self-distanced relative to self-immersed reflections on mean levels and within-person variability of sleep duration and quality as well as psychological well-being over a 5-day working week.

The effectiveness of self-distanced versus self-immersed reflections among adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental studies.

Stressor events can be highly emotional and disruptive to our functioning, yet they also present opportunities for learning and growth via self-reflections. Self-distanced reflections in which one reasons about target events in ways that maximise their removal of the current self from the experiential reality are said to facilitate this reflective process. We tested the expectation that self-distanced reflections offer an advantage over self-immersed vistas via a pre-registered systematic review of seven electronic databases (Scopus, Medline, Web of Science, PsycInfo, CINAHL Plus, Embase, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global) to identify experimental tests with adults aged 18-65 years where the focus of the reflection was a stressor or adverse event that participants had already experienced.

Intervention Mapping of a Gamified Therapy Prescription App for Children With Disabilities: User-Centered Design Approach.

Background: Mobile health (mHealth) apps for children are increasing in availability and scope. Therapy (physiotherapy, speech pathology, and occupational therapy) prescription apps to improve home or school program adherence work best when developed to be highly engaging for children and when they incorporate behavior change techniques (BCTs) within their design.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the development of a user-centered therapy prescription app for children (aged 6-12 years) with neurodevelopmental disabilities (eg, cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorder, and intellectual disability) incorporating intervention mapping (IM) and gamified design.

Quantifying the Effect of Monitor Wear Time and Monitor Type on the Estimate of Sedentary Time in People with COPD: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

In studies that have reported device-based measures of sedentary time (ST) in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), we explored if the monitor type and monitor wear time moderated the estimate of this measure. Five electronic databases were searched in January 2021. Studies were included if >70% of participants had stable COPD, and measures of ST (min/day) were collected using wearable technology.

An Evaluation of Factors That Influence Referral to Pulmonary Rehabilitation Programs Among People With COPD.

Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation programs (PRP) are important for people with symptomatic COPD.

Research Questions: What proportion of people with COPD who are suitable for a PRP go on to be referred? Do clinical or sociodemographic characteristics influence the odds of whether those who are suitable for a PRP go on to be referred? What factors influence people's interest in participating in a pulmonary rehabilitation program?

Study Design And Methods: People with COPD who appeared appropriate for a PRP were sequentially recruited from three tertiary hospitals in Australia. Variables such as age, sex, lung function, smoking status, and interest in participating in a PRP were collected through interviews and reviewing the medical records.

Methods Used to Evaluate the Immediate Effects of Airway Clearance Techniques in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This review reports on methods used to evaluate airway clearance techniques (ACT) in adults with CF and examined data for evidence of any effect. Sixty-eight studies described ACT in adequate detail and were included in this review. Frequently reported outcomes were sputum expectoration (72%) and spirometric lung function (60%).

Validation of a Patient Questionnaire Assessing Patient Satisfaction With Orthopedic Outpatient Clinic Consultation.

Previous qualitative research has identified a number of factors which influence patient satisfaction with orthopedic outpatient clinic visits. To further evaluate these factors, the authors initially generated a number of items or statements representing these factors. This cohort of items was then subjected to analysis by an expert group to assess which 3 items best represented each factor.

Stress, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and resilience-The effects of naturalistic periods of elevated stress: A measurement-burst study.

Stress is an important consideration for understanding why individuals take part in limited or no physical activity. The negative effects of stress on physical activity do not hold for everyone, so examinations of possible resilience resources that might protect individuals from the harmful effects of stress are required. Accordingly, we conducted a measurement-burst study with 53 university students over a 6-month period to examine the dynamics among stress, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and resilience resources.

Postnatal Exercise Partners Study (PEEPS): a pilot randomized trial of a dyadic physical activity intervention for postpartum mothers and a significant other.

Research suggests dyadic interventions can increase physical activity; such interventions are untested within postpartum parent couples. A three-armed pilot randomized trial addressed this gap and tested which type of dyadic intervention is most effective. Inactive postpartum mothers and a significant other were recruited in Australia (= 143 assessed for eligibility) and randomised in a single-blinded fashion (i.