Negative frequency-dependent selection maintains shell banding polymorphisms in two marine snails ( and ).

The presence of shell bands is common in gastropods. Both the marine snails and are polymorphic for this trait. Such polymorphism would be expected to be lost by the action of genetic drift or directional selection, but it appears to be widespread at relatively constant frequencies.

Design and flight results of the VHF/UHF communication system of Longjiang lunar microsatellites.

As a part of China's Chang'e-4 lunar far side mission, two lunar microsatellites for low frequency radio astronomy, amateur radio and education, Longjiang-1 and Longjiang-2, were launched as secondary payloads on 20 May 2018 together with the Queqiao L2 relay satellite. On 25 May 2018, Longjiang-2 successfully inserted itself into a lunar elliptical orbit of 357 km × 13,704 km, and became the smallest spacecraft which entered lunar orbit with its own propulsion system. The satellite carried the first amateur radio communication system operating in lunar orbit, which is a VHF/UHF software defined radio (SDR) designed for operation with small ground stations.

A novel method for estimating the strength of positive mating preference by similarity in the wild.

Mating preference can be a driver of sexual selection and assortative mating and is, therefore, a key element in evolutionary dynamics. Positive mating preference by similarity is the tendency for the choosy individual to select a mate which possesses a similar variant of a trait. Such preference can be modelled using Gaussian-like mathematical functions that describe the strength of preference, but such functions cannot be applied to empirical data collected from the field.

The scale-of-choice effect and how estimates of assortative mating in the wild can be biased due to heterogeneous samples.

The mode in which sexual organisms choose mates is a key evolutionary process, as it can have a profound impact on fitness and speciation. One way to study mate choice in the wild is by measuring trait correlation between mates. Positive assortative mating is inferred when individuals of a mating pair display traits that are more similar than those expected under random mating while negative assortative mating is the opposite.

Application of multivariate analysis and artificial neural networks for the differentiation of red wines from the Canary Islands according to the island of origin.

Eleven metals (K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Sr, Li, and Rb) were determined in 83 red wines from the Canary Islands. The wines presented high concentrations of Na, and the concentrations of Cu and Zn were much lower than the maximum concentrations established by the International Office of Vine and Wine (OIV). Applying principal component analysis, the dimension space was reduced to five principal components that explain 76.