Sacubitril/Valsartan in Pediatric Heart Failure (PANORAMA-HF): A Randomized, Multicenter, Double-Blind Trial.

Background: Sacubitril/valsartan, an angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI), is an established treatment for heart failure (HF) with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. It has not been rigorously compared with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in children. PANORAMA-HF (Prospective Trial to Assess the Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Neprilysin Inhibitor LCZ696 Versus Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor for the Medical Treatment of Pediatric HF) is a randomized, double-blind trial that evaluated the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD), safety, and efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan versus enalapril in children 1 month to <18 years of age with HF attributable to systemic left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD).

Multimodality Imaging of Cardiac Myxomas.

Cardiac myxomas are the most common benign cardiac neoplasms. Echocardiography is the first-line imaging modality used to analyze cardiac masses, allowing the detection of tumor location, size, and mobility. However, additional imaging techniques are required to confirm the diagnosis, evaluate tissue characteristics of the mass, and assess potential invasion of surrounding structures.

Urine high-sensitive troponin I in children cannot offer an applicable alternative to serum.

Introduction: In children, congenital heart defects represent the primary cause of increased serum troponin I. The elimination process of cardiac troponin I from the bloodstream and the factors influencing this process remain unknown. The objective of this study was to explore the role of troponin I as an indicator of cardiac damage in children both in serum and urine, a concept previously investigated in adults.

Urine High-Sensitive Troponin T-Novel Biomarker of Myocardial Damage in Children.

Background: The use of high-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hsTnT) in urine as a marker of cardiac damage in children has not yet been reported. Elimination of cardiac troponins is dependent on renal function; persistently increased serum hsTnT concentrations were observed among individuals with impaired renal function. The aim of this study was to investigate serum and urine hsTnT levels and its correlation in infants and children younger than 24 months of age after cardiac surgery.

Common benign primary pediatric cardiac tumors: a primer for radiologists.

Cardiac tumors are neoplasms arising from or located in the heart or the pericardium. Although rare, primary cardiac tumors in children require an accurate and timely diagnosis. Most pediatric primary cardiac tumors are benign (around 90%).

Management of failing bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt: Influence of additional systemic-to-pulmonary-artery shunt with classic Glenn physiology.

Objectives: Severe hypoxemia in the early postoperative period after bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt (BCPS) is a critical complication. We aimed to evaluate patients who underwent additional systemic to pulmonary shunt and septation of central pulmonary artery (partial takedown) after BCPS.

Methods: The medical records of all patients who underwent BCPS between 2007 and 2020 were reviewed.

Influence of Shunt Type on Survival and Right Heart Function after the Norwood Procedure for Aortic Atresia.

The study objective was to compare the results after Norwood procedure between modified Blalock-Taussig shunt (MBTS) and right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery conduit (RVPAC) according to Sano in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) and aortic atresia (AA). A total of 146 neonates with HLHS and AA who underwent the Norwood procedure at our institution between 2001 and 2020 were divided into 2 groups according to shunt type (MBTS or RVPAC). Survival after the Norwood procedure was compared between the groups.

ATP synthase deficiency due to m.8528T>C mutation - a novel cause of severe neonatal hyperammonemia requiring hemodialysis.

Objectives: Hyperammonemia in a newborn is a serious condition, which requires prompt intervention as it can lead to severe neurological impairment and death if left untreated. The most common causes of hyperammonemia in a newborn are acute liver failure and inherited metabolic disorders. Several mitochondrial disorders have been described as a cause of severe neonatal hyperammonemia.

Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation with low pump flow for blocked modified Blalock-Taussig shunt followed by spontaneous recanalization.

A 2-week-old male newborn with a double inlet left ventricle developed a cardiac arrest following modified Blalock-Taussig anastomosis in pediatric intensive care unit. Probable causes of the arrest were hemodynamic instability and thrombosed shunt, which was later recanalized on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy, which was successfully used with a pump flow lower than recommended in these patients-without the shunt clip, but without any complications.

Early postoperative interventional aortic valve closure for severe aortic regurgitation in a neonate after Norwood procedure.

A neonate presented with signs of heart failure early after a Norwood procedure, due to increase of aortic and mitral valve regurgitation. Because repeated surgery was considered risky, we closed the aortic valve by catheter intervention with an Amplatzer Duct Occluder. Aortic regurgitation was abolished almost completely and the child improved.

Ventricular tachycardia in a 16-year-old boy with primary hyperparathyroidism.

We report a case of primary hyperparathyroidism with hypercalcaemia in a 16-year-old boy who had spontaneous attack of ventricular tachycardia. To our knowledge, presentation of ventricular tachycardia caused by primary hyperparathyroidism in such a young patient has not been reported in medical literature so far.

Cardiopulmonary exercise performance is reduced in congenital diaphragmatic hernia survivors.

Background: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is associated with lung hypoplasia. CDH survivors may have pulmonary morbidity that can decrease cardiopulmonary exercise. We aimed to examine whether cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) results differ in CDH survivors versus healthy age-matched controls and whether CPET results among CDH survivors differ according to self-reported daily activity.

[CROATIAN POPULATION AND CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE (1995-2011): THE USE OF ABC SCORE AND RACHS-1 CARDIOSURGICAL MODEL FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY OF TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE].

Aim: 1. To present an epidemiological (population and clinical) study of congenital heart defects (CHD) in Croatia in a 16-year period (1995-2011). 2.

[TAKAYASU ARTERITIS AND POSSIBLE CARDIOLOGY REPERCUSSIONS IN THE CHILDHOOD].

Vasculitides are rare rheumatic diseases of unknown etiology whose main characteristic is a necrotizing inflammation of blood vessels. We are presenting two patients with Takayasu arteritis (TA) as entity forms of rare rheumatic diseases. One patient had TA type IIa and the other type IV.

[BICUSPID AORTIC VALVE AND LEFT VENTRICULAR OUTFLOW TRACT DEFECTS IN CIIILDREN - SYNDROME OF BICUSPID AORTOPATHY?].

Unlabelled: Although bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is considered the most common congenital heart defect (CHD) in adult age, with the 0.5-2% prevalence, BAV is not part of epidemiological studies of congenital heart defects (CHD) in children. Aortic valvulogenesis disorder is part of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) genetic disorders which include: hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), aortic stenosis (AS) and insufficiency (AI), dilatation of the ascending aorta (DAA), coaretation of the aorta (CoA), Shone's syndrome (SS), and probably some other disorders.

[Coarctation of the aorta in children in the 10-year epidemiological study: diagnostic and therapeutic consideration].

Our study is a clinical epidemiological retrospective analysis of coarctation of the aorta in a 10-year follow-up (2001-2011). The study includes 201 children, 72 (35.82%) girls and 129 (64.

Croatian clinical epidemiological study (2008-2011): the use of standardised risk scores in paediatric congenital cardiac surgery for a case complexity selection and gradual progress of cardiosurgical model in developing countries.

Objective: By employing the widely used and accepted methodologies of case-mix complexity adjustment in congenital cardiac surgery, we tried to evaluate our performance and use the ABC scores for a case complexity selection that may have different outcomes in various centres.

Methods: We analysed outcomes of cardiac surgical procedures - with or without cardiopulmonary bypass - performed in our institution between January, 2008 and December, 2011. Data were collected from the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery database.

[Congenital coronary artery fistulas: clinical and therapeutic consideration].

A coronary artery fistula is a link between one or more coronary arteries with another heart cavity or a segment of systemic or pulmonary circulation. Arterial blood from a coronary vessel enters another segment via myocardial capillary bed. These are very rare anomalies which constitute approximately 0.

Early postoperative interventional ASD-closure for severe atrial right to left shunt in a neonate with common arterial trunk.

Although closure of an atrial septal defect (ASD II) with an occluding device in the first year of life is not a routine procedure, it is a feasible treatment, even in neonates. Case reports on the off-label use of Amplatzer devices have been repeatedly published, but there are no reports on using the Amplatzer Duct Occluder (ADO) to close an atrial septal defect in a neonate. We report on a successful catheter closure of an ASD II with ADO in a severely cyanotic neonate, seven days after surgical repair of common arterial trunk.

[Distribution of congenital heart disease in Croatia and outcome analysis. A Croatian epidemiological study (2002-2007)].

Objective: The aim of our paper is to show results of population and hospital registry of congenital heart disease in Croatia.

Methods: Information on patients born during the five-year study and with diagnosis of congenital heart defects, obtained all across the country, were collected in the population and hospital registry set up according to the EUROCAT and BWIS registries principles.

Results: Between October 1, 2002, and October 1 2007, there were 205051 live births in Croatia, of which 1480 patients were diagnosed with congenital heart defects, accounting for 0.

Evaluation of paediatric cardiosurgical model in Croatia by using the Aristotle basic complexity score and the risk adjustment for congenital cardiac surgery-1 method.

Objective: The Aristotle basic complexity score and the risk adjustment in congenital cardiac surgery-1 method were developed and used to compare outcomes of congenital cardiac surgery. Both methods were used to compare results of procedures performed on our patients in Croatian cardiosurgical centres and results of procedures were taken abroad.

Methods: The study population consisted of all patients with congenital cardiac disease born to Croatian residents between 1 October, 2002 and 1 October, 2007 undergoing a cardiovascular operation during this period.

Spectrum of congenital heart defects in Croatia.

The aim of our study was to investigate the incidence of congenital defects in children born in Croatia during a period of 5 years, its association with extracardiac malformations, its treatment, and outcome. Medical information about the patients was obtained from 14 paediatric cardiology centres that cover the whole country. Diagnosis was made by clinical findings, electrocardiography, chest X-ray, echocardiography, catheterisation, or autopsy.

[Clinical and epidemiological features of the mitral valve prolaps in children].

The study deals with the incidence and clinical significance of mitral valve prolapse in the population of outpatient pediatric cardiology patients in the time period from November 1999 to April 2004. The sample included 1187 children of both sexes, 688 of whom had a structural cardiac anomaly (57.9%), and the prolapse was diagnosed in 51 children (4.