The structural, electrical, and optical properties of a series of six layered oxychalcogenides with the general formula Sr OCu, where M = Ga, Sc, or In and = S or Se, have been investigated. From this set, we report the structure and properties of SrGaOCuSe for the first time, as well as the full structural details of SrScOCuSe, which have not previously been available. A systematic study of the suitability of all of the Sr OCu phases as -type conductors has been carried out, after doping with both sodium and potassium to a nominal composition of Sr OCu, ( = Na or K), to increase the hole carrier concentration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: To evaluate the structural validity, internal reliability, and measurement invariance of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory - Patient Reported Outcome (PEDI-PRO), a measure of functional performance of discrete tasks required to participate in everyday life situations important for adulthood.
Method: This was a cross-sectional study with 306 young people aged 14 to 22 years (mean 18 years 10 months, SD 2 years 5 months) with developmental disabilities (43.1% autism spectrum disorder only, 23.
Hydrogen atom abstraction is an important elementary chemical process but is very difficult to carry out enantioselectively. We have developed catalysts, readily derived from the Cinchona alkaloid family of natural products, which can achieve this by virtue of their chiral amine structure. The catalyst, following single-electron oxidation, desymmetrizes -diols by selectively abstracting a hydrogen atom from one carbon center, which then regains a hydrogen atom by abstraction from a thiol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe optoelectronic properties of two layered copper oxyselenide compounds, with nominal composition SrZnOCuSe and BaZnOCuSe, have been investigated to determine their suitability as p-type conductors. The structure, band gaps and electrical conductivity of pristine and alkali-metal-doped samples have been determined. We find that the strontium-containing compound, SrZnOCuSe, adopts the expected tetragonal structure with 4/ symmetry, and has a band gap of 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEclipsed mitral regurgitation (MR) is a rare phenomenon of transient severe MR in patients with normal left ventricular function. This paper presents a case of a patient with recurrent heart failure exacerbations and transient, positional severe MR consistent with eclipsed MR, which improved after mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNovel two-dimensional semiconductor crystals can exhibit diverse physical properties beyond their inherent semiconducting attributes, making their pursuit paramount. Memristive properties, as exemplars of these attributes, are predominantly manifested in wide-bandgap materials. However, simultaneously harnessing semiconductor properties alongside memristive characteristics to produce memtransistors is challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
August 2024
The many diverse polymorphic behaviors observed in organic electronic materials offer opportunities to modulate electronic properties through reversibly switching crystal structures. Here, we access the prolific polymorphism observed in two-dimensional quinoidal terthiophene via laser writing to locally heat and direct the phase transitions. We access a metastable polymorph IV through rapid cooling and observe distinct symmetry as well as packing through grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: Well-designed score reports can support therapists to accurately interpret assessments. We piloted a score report for the Pediatric Evaluation Disability Inventory-Patient Reported Outcome (PEDI-PRO) and evaluated: 1) To what extent can occupational and physical therapists (OT, PT) accurately interpret item-response theory (IRT)-based PEDI-PRO assessment results? 2) What is the perceived clinical utility of the pilot score report?
Methods: Exploratory, sequential mixed methods design. Focus groups with OT and PTs ( = 20) informed the development of the final score report; revisions were made in response to feedback.
Controlling the multi-level assembly and morphological properties of conjugated polymers through structural manipulation has contributed significantly to the advancement of organic electronics. In this work, a redox active conjugated polymer, TPT-TT, composed of alternating 1,4-(2-thienyl)-2,5-dialkoxyphenylene (TPT) and thienothiophene (TT) units is reported with non-covalent intramolecular S⋯O and S⋯H-C interactions that induce controlled main-chain planarity and solid-state order. As confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, these intramolecular interactions influence the main chain conformation, promoting backbone planarization, while still allowing dihedral rotations at higher kinetic energies (higher temperature), and give rise to temperature-dependent aggregation properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemical diversity is challenging to describe objectively. Despite this, various notions of chemical diversity are used throughout the medicinal chemistry optimization process in drug discovery. In this work, we show the usefulness of considering exploited vectors during different phases of the drug design process to provide a quantitative and objective description of chemical diversity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCheckpoint inhibition (CPI), particularly that targeting the inhibitory coreceptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), has transformed oncology. Although CPI can derepress cancer (neo)antigen-specific αβ T cells that ordinarily show PD-1-dependent exhaustion, it can also be efficacious against cancers evading αβ T cell recognition. In such settings, γδ T cells have been implicated, but the functional relevance of PD-1 expression by these cells is unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe US population suffers 1.5 million head injuries annually, of which mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) comprise 75%. Many individuals subsequently experience long-lasting negative symptoms, including anxiety.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D1TC05051F.].
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Imperial College School of Medicine, London UK, introduced a new curriculum in 2019, with a focus on the GMC outcomes for graduates, and pedagogy best practice. The new curriculum included formative assessments, named engagement and feedback assessments (EFAs), to support learning, and attainment in the summative examinations. The aims of this study were to assess the validity of EFAs and to determine whether they have utility as a modified form of programmatic assessment to inform decision-making regarding possible interventions by measuring and analysing attendance at and performance in these formative events.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Biosimilars are clinically equivalent to branded products yet cost significantly less. Interchangeability is a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designation that allows generic drugs to be substituted for reference drugs at the pharmacy, without a physician's consent. Currently, no oncologic biosimilar has FDA approval for interchangeability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBuilding on the extensive exploration of metal oxide and metal halide perovskites, metal nitride perovskites represent a largely unexplored class of materials. We report a multi-tier computational screening of this chemical space. From a pool of 3660 ABN compositions covering I-VIII, II-VII, III-VI and IV-V oxidation state combinations, 279 are predicted to be chemically feasible.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), an inflammatory type 4 hypersensitivity disease, induces skin infiltration by polyclonal effector CD8 αβ T cells and precursors of tissue-resident memory T (T) cells. Because T have long-term potential to contribute to body-surface immunoprotection and immunopathology, their local regulation needs a fuller understanding.
Objective: We sought to investigate how T-cell maturation might be influenced by innate-like T cells pre-existing within many epithelia.
Background: Ultrasound-determined gallbladder wall thickness is widely used to aid in the diagnosis of gallbladder disease, but no reference values supported by published measurement data are available in dogs.
Hypothesis/objective: Establish normal thickness of the gallbladder wall in dogs.
Animals: Fifty-three dogs presented to a referral hospital and required abdominal ultrasound examination for reasons unrelated to primary hepatobiliary disease.
In the last century, molecular crystals functioned predominantly as a means for determining the molecular structures X-ray diffraction, albeit as the century came to a close the response of molecular crystals to electric, magnetic, and light fields revealed that the physical properties of molecular crystals were as rich as the diversity of molecules themselves. In this century, the mechanical properties of molecular crystals have continued to enhance our understanding of the colligative responses of weakly bound molecules to internal frustration and applied forces. Here, the authors review the main themes of research that have developed in recent decades, prefaced by an overview of the particular considerations that distinguish molecular crystals from traditional materials such as metals and ceramics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCooperativity is used by living systems to circumvent energetic and entropic barriers to yield highly efficient molecular processes. Cooperative structural transitions involve the concerted displacement of molecules in a crystalline material, as opposed to typical molecule-by-molecule nucleation and growth mechanisms which often break single crystallinity. Cooperative transitions have acquired much attention for low transition barriers, ultrafast kinetics, and structural reversibility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFYears of important research has revealed that cells heavily invest in regulating their size. Nevertheless, it has remained unclear why accurate size control is so important. Our recent study using hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) indicates that cellular enlargement is causally associated with aging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFour novel compositions containing chalcogenide layers, adopting the BaMOM'Ch layered structure have been identified: BaScOCuSe, BaYOCuS, BaScOAgSe and BaInOAgSe. A comprehensive comparison of experimental and computational results providing the crystallographic and electronic structure of the compounds under investigation has been conducted. Materials were synthesised at 800 °C under vacuum using a conventional ceramic synthesis route with combination of binary oxide and chalcogenide precursors.
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