The Effect of on the Monitoring of Faecal Indicator Bacteria.

The survival of () bacteria, the most common faecal indicator bacteria (FIB), may be significantly affected by cyanobacteria present during a harmful algal bloom (HAB). Therefore, the effect of on the survival of FIB and coliforms was investigated. Microcosms containing two species of ( and ) were established and then inoculated with four reference strains of (ATCC 25922, 8739, 51813, and 11775) to explore the cyanobacteria-bacteria dynamics at a laboratory setting.

Depth-Dependent Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Overwintering Pelagic in a Temperate Water Body.

Cyanobacteria in the genus are dominant components of many harmful algal blooms worldwide. Their pelagic-benthic life cycle helps them survive periods of adverse conditions and contributes greatly to their ecological success. Many studies on overwintering have focused on benthic colonies and suggest that sediment serves as the major inoculum for subsequent summer blooms.

Effective aerial monitoring of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms is dependent on understanding cellular migration.

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CHABs) degrade water quality and may produce toxins. The distribution of CHABs can change rapidly due to variations in population dynamics and environmental conditions. Biological and ecological aspects of CHABs were studied in order to better understand CHABs dynamics.

Optimization of conditions for cadmium selenide quantum dot biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The biosynthesis of quantum dots has been explored as an alternative to traditional physicochemical methods; however, relatively few studies have determined optimal synthesis parameters. Saccharomyces cerevisiae sequentially treated with sodium selenite and cadmium chloride synthesized CdSe quantum dots in the cytoplasm. These nanoparticles displayed a prominent yellow fluorescence, with an emission maximum of approximately 540 nm.

Trametes meyenii possesses elevated dye degradation abilities under normal nutritional conditions compared to other white rot fungi.

Several species of white-rot fungi were investigated for their utility in prolonged decolouration of the recalcitrant sulfonated azo dye, amaranth. Trametes pubescens, T. multicolor, T.

The synthesis of elemental selenium particles by Synechococcus leopoliensis.

Exposure of Synechococcus leopoliensis to selenite in the light resulted in orange-colored granules associated with the cells. No such particles were made in dark grown cells or when selenite was replaced by selenate. Light and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the particles formed inside the cells.

Aerobic transformation of cadmium through metal sulfide biosynthesis in photosynthetic microorganisms.

Background: Cadmium is a non-essential metal that is toxic because of its interference with essential metals such as iron, calcium and zinc causing numerous detrimental metabolic and cellular effects. The amount of this metal in the environment has increased dramatically since the advent of the industrial age as a result of mining activities, the use of fertilizers and sewage sludge in farming, and discharges from manufacturing activities. The metal bioremediation utility of phototrophic microbes has been demonstrated through their ability to detoxify Hg(II) into HgS under aerobic conditions.

Aerobic transformation of zinc into metal sulfide by photosynthetic microorganisms.

Industrial activity over the last two centuries has increased heavy metal contamination worldwide, leading to greater human exposure. Zinc is particularly common in industrial effluents and although an essential nutrient, it is highly toxic at elevated concentrations. Photoautotrophic microbes hold promise for heavy metal bioremediation applications because of their ease of culture and their ability to produce sulfide through metabolic processes that in turn are known to complex with the metal ion, Hg(II).

The effect of ethylene glycol on the phytovolatilization of 1,4-dioxane.

Phytoremediation at contaminated sites is often complicated by the presence of more than one chemical However, the effects of common co-contaminants such as ethylene glycol on the phytoremediation of other chemicals, e.g., 1,4-dioxane, is not well understood.

Biotransformation of Hg(II) by cyanobacteria.

The biotransformation of Hg(II) by cyanobacteria was investigated under aerobic and pH-controlled culture conditions. Mercury was supplied as HgCl(2) in amounts emulating those found under heavily impacted environmental conditions where bioremediation would be appropriate. The analytical procedures used to measure mercury within the culture solution, including that in the cyanobacterial cells, used reduction under both acid and alkaline conditions in the presence of SnCl(2).

Biotransformation of mercury in pH-stat cultures of eukaryotic freshwater algae.

Eukaryotic algae were studied to determine their ability to biotransform Hg(II) under aerated and pH controlled conditions. All algae converted Hg(II) into beta-HgS and Hg(0) to varying degrees. When Hg(II) was administered as HgCl(2) to the algae, biotransformation by species of Chlorophyceae (Selenastrum minutum and Chlorella fusca var.

Mercury analysis of acid- and alkaline-reduced biological samples: identification of meta-cinnabar as the major biotransformed compound in algae.

The biotransformation of Hg(II) in pH-controlled and aerated algal cultures was investigated. Previous researchers have observed losses in Hg detection in vitro with the addition of cysteine under acid reduction conditions in the presence of SnCl2. They proposed that this was the effect of Hg-thiol complexing.

High root biomass production in anchored Arabidopsis plants grown in axenic sucrose supplemented liquid culture.

There are many benefits to growing Arabidopsis in solution-based media, especially when large amounts of root tissue are required for molecular and biochemical studies. Roots grown in soil are brittle and tend to break easily when removed from their substrate. We have developed an axenic liquid culture system that simplifies growing large amounts of roots from intact plants.