Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of patients with monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis and chronic lymphocytic leukemia who develop venous thromboembolism.

Background: The incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) are not well described.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of incident VTE in patients with newly diagnosed MBL/CLL and compare the incidence to the age- and sex-matched general population.

Methods: Using the Mayo Clinic CLL Database, we identified 946 patients with newly diagnosed MBL/CLL between 1998 and 2021.

Risks of Right Heart Catheterization and Right Ventricular Biopsy: A 12-year, Single-Center Experience.

Objective: To study the incidence of complications when undergoing right heart catheterization (RHC) and right ventricular biopsy (RVB).

Methods: Complications following RHC and RVB are not well reported. We studied the incidence of death, myocardial infarction, stroke, unplanned bypass, pneumothorax, hemorrhage, hemoptysis, heart valve repair/replacement, pulmonary artery perforation, ventricular arrhythmias, pericardiocentesis, complete heart block, and deep vein thrombosis (primary endpoint) following these procedures.

Age- and Sex-Specific Incidence of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Associated With Ad26.COV2.S COVID-19 Vaccination.

This cohort study compares the sex- and age-adjusted incidence of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis before the COVID-19 pandemic with that during the first 92 days after Ad26.COV2.S vaccination.

Prognostic Risk Stratification of Patients with Moderate Aortic Stenosis.

Background: Currently risk stratification of moderate aortic stenosis (AS) is still incipient. The aim of this study was to identify prognostic factors in patients with moderate AS.

Methods: The prognosis of patients with moderate AS (1 < aortic valve area ≤ 1.

Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain Is Associated With Long-Term Outcomes in Moderate Aortic Stenosis.

Background: Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS) is associated with long-term outcomes of patients with severe aortic stenosis. However, its prognostic value in patients with moderate aortic stenosis remains unknown.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with moderate aortic stenosis (1.

Safety and Risk of Major Complications With Diagnostic Cardiac Catheterization.

Background: We aim to study the incidence of major complications related to procedure defined as in-hospital death, myocardial infarction, stroke, pericardial effusion or tamponade, percutaneous coronary intervention due to iatrogenic coronary dissection, or unplanned bypass surgery within 72 hours after diagnostic left heart catheterization (LHC; primary end point). Furthermore, all causes of in-hospital death after LHC were adjudicated and reported (secondary end point).

Methods And Results: Diagnostic LHC procedures (aortic angiography; coronary, including graft, angiography; and left ventricular angiography) from January 1, 2002, through December 31, 2013, were identified using the clinical scheduling system at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, and complications were identified through electronic records.

Sex Differences in Long-Term Cause-Specific Mortality After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Temporal Trends and Mechanisms.

Background: Women have higher rates of all-cause mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention. Whether this is because of greater age and comorbidity burden or a sex-specific factor remains unclear.

Methods And Results: We retrospectively assessed cause-specific long-term mortality after index percutaneous coronary intervention over 3 time periods (1991-1997, 1998-2005, and 2006-2012).

Benefits of Cardiac Rehabilitation on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Background: Participation in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an essential component of care for patients with coronary artery disease. However, little is known about its benefit on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention. The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of CR in this high-risk group of patients.

Is Infection an Independent Risk Factor for Venous Thromboembolism? A Population-Based, Case-Control Study.

Background: The independent association of recent infection with venous thromboembolism is uncertain. The study aims were to test both overall infection (site unspecified) and specific infection sites as potential risk factors for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism adjusting for other known venous thromboembolism factors.

Methods: By using Rochester Epidemiology Project resources, we identified all Olmsted County, Minnesota, residents with objectively diagnosed incident deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism over the 13-year period 1988 to 2000 (cases; n = 1303) and 1 to 2 residents without venous thromboembolism matched to each case on age, sex, and incident venous thromboembolism date (controls; n = 1494).

Temporal Trends of Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A 22-Year Experience From a Tertiary Academic Medical Center.

Background: There has been a gradual decline in the prevalence of abnormal stress single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging studies among patients without history of coronary artery disease (CAD). The trends of SPECT studies among patients with known CAD have not been evaluated previously.

Methods And Results: We assessed the Mayo Clinic nuclear cardiology database for all stress SPECT tests performed between January 1991 and December 2012 in patients with history of CAD defined as having previous myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, and coronary artery bypass grafting.

Effect of a near-universal hospitalization-based prophylaxis regimen on annual number of venous thromboembolism events in the US.

The annual number of US venous thromboembolism (VTE) events, the number of potentially preventable events, and the effect of hospitalization-based prophylaxis are uncertain. We estimated VTE attack (incident plus recurrent VTE) rates and the total annual number of US VTE events related and unrelated to hospitalization using Rochester Epidemiology Project resources to identify all Olmsted County, Minnesota, residents with incident or recurrent VTE over the 6-year period 2005-2010. The average annual VTE attack rates related and unrelated to hospitalization were 282 and 8 per 10 000 person-years, respectively.

Reasons for the persistent incidence of venous thromboembolism.

Reasons for trends in venous thromboembolism (VTE) incidence are uncertain. It was our objective to determine VTE incidence trends and risk factor prevalence, and estimate population-attributable risk (PAR) trends for each risk factor. In a population-based cohort study of all residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota from 1981-2010, annual incidence rates were calculated using incident VTE cases as the numerator and age- and sex-specific Olmsted County population estimates as the denominator.

Cardiac Structural Changes and Long-Term Survival in Patients With Prominent Thebesian Veins.

Although rare, numerous case reports suggest that Thebesian veins confer increased morbidity and mortality. No study has evaluated their effects on cardiac structure or long-term patient outcomes. Patients undergoing coronary angiogram at the study institution from October 2002 and January 2015 were assessed for a diagnosis of prominent Thebesian veins.

Relation between fractional flow reserve value of coronary lesions with deferred revascularization and cardiovascular outcomes in non-diabetic and diabetic patients.

Background: FFR of deferred PCI lesions can predict future cardiovascular events. However, the prognostic utility of FFR remains unclear in diabetic patients in view of the potential impact of the diffuse nature of vascular disease process. We aimed to study the relation between fractional flow reserve (FFR) values and long-term outcomes of diabetic and non-diabetic patients with deferred percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Temporal trends of single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging in patients without prior coronary artery disease: A 22-year experience at a tertiary academic medical center.

Background: Between 1990 and 2006, there was a large national increase in utilization of single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT) for assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD). We aim to examine the trends of SPECT test results and patients' characteristics at Mayo Clinic Rochester.

Methods: Using the Mayo Clinic nuclear cardiology database, we examined all SPECT tests performed between January 1, 1991, and December 31, 2012, in patients without prior CAD.

Poor early relapse recovery affects onset of progressive disease course in multiple sclerosis.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between early relapse recovery and onset of progressive multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: We studied a population-based cohort (105 patients with relapsing-remitting MS, 86 with bout-onset progressive MS) and a clinic-based cohort (415 patients with bout-onset progressive MS), excluding patients with primary progressive MS. Bout-onset progressive MS includes patients with single-attack progressive and secondary progressive MS.

Is lipid lowering therapy an independent risk factor for venous thromboembolism? A population-based case-control study.

Introduction: The independent effect of lipid lowering therapy (LLT) on venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk is uncertain.

Objective: To test statin and non-statin LLT as potential VTE risk factors.

Methods: Using Rochester Epidemiology Project resources, we identified all Olmsted County, MN residents with objectively diagnosed incident VTE (cases) over the 13-year period, 1988-2000 (n=1340), and one to two matched controls (n=1538).

Relapses and disability accumulation in progressive multiple sclerosis.

Objective: We examined the effect of relapses-before and after progression onset-on the rate of postprogression disability accrual in a progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) cohort.

Methods: We studied patients with primary progressive MS (n = 322) and bout-onset progressive MS (BOPMS) including single-attack progressive MS (n = 112) and secondary progressive MS (n = 421). The effect of relapses on time to Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of 6 was studied using multivariate Cox regression analysis (sex, age at progression, and immunomodulation modeled as covariates).

Low yield of stress imaging in a population-based study of asymptomatic patients after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: Little is known about the clinical value of stress imaging studies in asymptomatic patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods And Results: Residents of Olmsted County, MN, who underwent PCI were followed up for the occurrence of stress imaging (stress nuclear or stress echocardiography), coronary angiography, or coronary artery bypass grafting (without angiography) as initial procedures after PCI. Patients whose first follow-up procedure was a stress imaging test were evaluated for their symptom status at the time of the study and whether they underwent angiography or revascularization (PCI or coronary artery bypass grafting) within 90 days.

Hiatal Hernia Is Associated With an Increased Prevalence of Atrial Fibrillation in Young Patients.

Hiatal hernia (HH) causes protrusion of the stomach into the chest cavity, directly impinging on the left atrium and possibly increasing predisposition to atrial arrhythmogenesis. However, such association has not been fully explored. The objective was to determine if an association between HH and atrial fibrillation (AF) exists and whether there are age- and sex-related differences.

Population-based study of the use of cardiac stress imaging and referral for coronary angiography and repeated revascularization after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Objective: To assess stress single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and stress echocardiography use after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and their effect on referral for coronary angiography and revascularization.

Patients And Methods: The referral, timing, and results of stress imaging after CABG; referral for coronary angiography and revascularization; and all-cause mortality were assessed in this longitudinal, population-based, retrospective study of 1138 Olmsted County, Minnesota, patients undergoing CABG between January 1, 1993, and December 31, 2003.

Results: A total of 570 patients (50.

Onset of progressive phase is an age-dependent clinical milestone in multiple sclerosis.

Background: It is unclear if all patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) ultimately develop progressive MS. Onset of progressive disease course seems to be age- rather than disease duration-dependent. Some forms of progressive MS (e.

Development and validation of a risk score to predict early mortality in recipients of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.

Background: Current guidelines do not recommend implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation in patients with a life expectancy of <1 year. Better methods are needed for identifying patients at high risk for early mortality despite ICD therapy.

Objective: To develop and validate a risk prediction score to identify patients at high risk for death within 1 year despite ICD therapy.

Impact of implanted recalled sprint Fidelis lead on patient mortality.

Objectives: This study sought to compare all-cause mortality in patients with Fidelis leads (Medtronic, Minneapolis, Minnesota) to those with a nonadvisory lead.

Background: Although Fidelis leads are prone to fracture, and rare deaths due to lead failure have been reported, it is unclear whether the presence of a Fidelis lead is associated with increased mortality. This study compares all-cause mortality in a large cohort of patients with Fidelis and Quattro implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) leads.