Low Dietary Fiber Intake Links Development of Obesity and Lupus Pathogenesis.

Changed dietary habits in Western countries such as reduced fiber intake represent an important lifestyle factor contributing to the increase in inflammatory immune-mediated diseases. The mode of action of beneficial fiber effects is not fully elucidated, but short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and gut microbiota have been implicated. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of dietary fiber on lupus pathology and to understand underlying mechanisms.

Multiplex gene analysis reveals T-cell and antibody-mediated rejection-specific upregulation of complement in renal transplants.

In renal transplantation, complement is involved in ischemia reperfusion injury, graft rejection and dysfunction. However, it is still unclear how induction of complement and its activation are initiated. Using allograft biopsies of a well-characterized cohort of 28 renal transplant patients with no rejection (Ctrl), delayed graft function (DGF), acute T-cell-mediated (TCMR) or antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) we analyzed differences in complement reaction.

Dysfunction of the key ferroptosis-surveilling systems hypersensitizes mice to tubular necrosis during acute kidney injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is morphologically characterized by a synchronized plasma membrane rupture of cells in a specific section of a nephron, referred to as acute tubular necrosis (ATN). Whereas the involvement of necroptosis is well characterized, genetic evidence supporting the contribution of ferroptosis is lacking. Here, we demonstrate that the loss of ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (Fsp1) or the targeted manipulation of the active center of the selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) sensitize kidneys to tubular ferroptosis, resulting in a unique morphological pattern of tubular necrosis.

Screening major trauma patients for prevalence of illicit drugs.

Introduction: Australasian emergency departments (ED) routinely test patient alcohol levels following major trauma, but assessment for illicit drugs is uncommon.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study of major motor-vehicle-related trauma patients attending both adult major trauma centres in Victoria, Australia. All eligible patients had point-of-care saliva testing to determine the prevalence of common illicit drugs.

Dietary N-Nitroso Compounds and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A USA-Based Study.

Background And Aims: N-nitroso compounds (NOCs) are among the most potent dietary carcinogens. N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), and N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP) are abundant in foods and carcinogenic to the liver. We investigated the relationship between dietary NOCs and HCC risk.

Enrolling a rural community pharmacy as a Vaccines for Children provider to increase HPV vaccination: a feasibility study.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the U.S. with over 80 million infected individuals.

Recumbent cycling to improve outcomes in people with hip fracture: a feasibility randomized trial.

Background: Early mobilization after surgery is a key recommendation for people with hip fracture, however this is achieved by only 50% of people. Recumbent bike riding has been used in other populations with limited mobility and has potential to allow early exercise in people post hip fracture. The primary aim of this pilot trial was to demonstrate the feasibility of a trial protocol designed to determine the effect of early post-operative cycling in bed on outcomes in people with hip fracture.

Super-resolved local recruitment of CLDN5 to filtration slits implicates a direct relationship with podocyte foot process effacement.

Under healthy conditions, foot processes of neighbouring podocytes are interdigitating and connected by an electron-dense slit diaphragm. Besides slit diaphragm proteins, typical adherens junction proteins are also found to be expressed at this cell-cell junction. It is therefore considered as a highly specialized type of adherens junction.

Electronic Cigarettes: Their Role in the Lives of College Students.

Background: Electronic cigarettes have increased in popularity amongst college-aged adults. Although often advertised as smoking cessation tools, students have taken to them as their primary exposure to nicotine. For many reasons, e-cigarettes are extremely convenient and have become the most common tobacco products among this generation.

Endocrine contribution to the sexual dysfunction in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease and the role of hyperprolactinemia.

In this study, we investigated the prevalence of sexual dysfunction among males with advanced chronic kidney disease and the effect of treating hyperprolactinemia among these patients. In this prospective study, patients were assessed with history, physical examination, hormonal assessment, and two questionnaires, IIEF and AIPE. Patients with hyperprolactinemia received treatment with cabergoline 0.

Complement in Renal Disease as a Potential Contributor to Arterial Hypertension.

Objective: Complement deposition is prevalent in kidney biopsies of patients with arterial hypertension and hypertensive nephropathy, but an association of hypertension and complement deposition or involvement of complement in the pathogenesis of hypertensive nephropathy has not been shown to date.

Methods: In this study, we analyzed complement C1q and C3c deposition in a rat model of overload and hypertension by subtotal nephrectomy (SNX) and in archival human renal biopsies from 217 patients with known hypertension and 91 control patients with no history of hypertension using semiquantitative scoring of C1q and C3c immunohistochemistry and correlation with parameters of renal function. To address whether complement was only passively deposited or actively expressed by renal cells, C1q and C3 mRNA expression were additionally analyzed.

c-Perpendicular Orientation of Poly(ʟ-lactide) Films.

Poly(ʟ-lactide) (PLLA) films, even of high thickness, exhibiting co-crystalline and crystalline α phases with their chain axes preferentially perpendicular to the film plane (c orientation) have been obtained. This c orientation, unprecedented for PLLA films, can be achieved by the crystallization of amorphous films as induced by low-temperature sorption of molecules being suitable as guests of PLLA co-crystalline forms, such as ,-dimethylformamide, cyclopentanone or 1,3-dioxolane. This kind of orientation is shown and quantified by two-dimensional wide-angle X-ray diffraction (2D-WAXD) patterns, as taken with the X-ray beam parallel to the film plane (EDGE patterns), which present all the hk0 arcs centered on the meridian.

Complement 9 in amyloid deposits.

Amyloidosis is a disease group caused by pathological aggregation and deposition of peptides in diverse tissue sites. Apart from the fibril protein, amyloid deposits frequently enclose non-fibrillar constituents. In routine diagnostics, we noticed the presence of complement 9 (C9) in amyloid.

Duodenal recurrence of endometrial carcinoma: report of a rare metastatic site.

Endometrial carcinoma is one of the most common gynaecologic malignancies in the western society. Treatment of recurrent disease became more refined, with the study of molecular and hormonal receptors playing a central role. A 76-year-old caucasian woman presented to the emergency department with growing tiredness, and melaena.

Patients with COVID-19: in the dark-NETs of neutrophils.

SARS-CoV-2 infection poses a major threat to the lungs and multiple other organs, occasionally causing death. Until effective vaccines are developed to curb the pandemic, it is paramount to define the mechanisms and develop protective therapies to prevent organ dysfunction in patients with COVID-19. Individuals that develop severe manifestations have signs of dysregulated innate and adaptive immune responses.

Detection of Post-translational Modifications on MYC.

Detection of post-translational modifications in c-Myc is an invaluable tool in assessing Myc status, particularly in cancer. However, it can be challenging to detect these modifications. The evaluation of phosphorylation status of c-Myc can also be challenging with the current commercially available phosphorylation sensitive antibodies.

Impact of COVID-19 on the management of patients with thoracic cancers in a tertiary referral center.

Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 has spread worldwide in 2020 leading the World Health Organization to declare a pandemic. Patients with thoracic cancers have been reported at higher risk to develop severe disease, and die from COVID-19. In this setting, clinical practice recommendations for the management of patients were published.

Genome-informed approach to identify genetic determinants of Flavobacterium psychrophilum phage susceptibility.

The fish pathogen Flavobacterium psychrophilum infects farmed salmonids worldwide, and application of bacteriophages has been suggested for controlling disease outbreaks in aquaculture. Successful application of phages requires detailed knowledge about the variability in phage susceptibility of the host communities. In this study, we analysed the genetic diversity of F.

Sulfopin is a covalent inhibitor of Pin1 that blocks Myc-driven tumors in vivo.

The peptidyl-prolyl isomerase, Pin1, is exploited in cancer to activate oncogenes and inactivate tumor suppressors. However, despite considerable efforts, Pin1 has remained an elusive drug target. Here, we screened an electrophilic fragment library to identify covalent inhibitors targeting Pin1's active site Cys113, leading to the development of Sulfopin, a nanomolar Pin1 inhibitor.

Loss of Ambra1 promotes melanoma growth and invasion.

Melanoma is the deadliest skin cancer. Despite improvements in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying melanoma biology and in defining new curative strategies, the therapeutic needs for this disease have not yet been fulfilled. Herein, we provide evidence that the Activating Molecule in Beclin-1-Regulated Autophagy (Ambra1) contributes to melanoma development.

New cancer cases at the time of SARS-Cov2 pandemic and related public health policies: A persistent and concerning decrease long after the end of the national lockdown.

Introduction: The dissemination of SARS-Cov2 may have delayed the diagnosis of new cancers. This study aimed at assessing the number of new cancers during and after the lockdown.

Methods: We prospectively collected the clinical data of the 11.

Integration of ethical considerations into HTA reports: an analysis of integration levels using a systematic review.

Objective: To describe the type and level of ethical integration in published health technology assessment (HTA) reports and systematically identify the ethical approaches utilized.

Methods: A literature search was conducted with the Google™ search engine using the keyword "ethic" between 1 January 2015 and 20 August 2019. Only HTA assessment reports with a section on ethics were retained and classified according to their level of ethical integration: no ethical analysis, ethical issues highlighted, assessments according to legal or social norms, and assessments from a moral or axiological perspective-using a qualitative methodology to distinguish such integration.

Significance of Glomerular Immune Reactivity in Time Zero Biopsies for Allograft Survival Beyond IgA.

The quality of a renal transplant can influence the clinical course after transplantation. Glomerular immune reactivity in renal transplants has previously been described, focusing particularly on IgA, and has been shown to disappear in most cases without affecting the outcome. Here, we describe a cohort of time zero biopsies with regard to glomerular immune reactivity and implications for histomorphology and follow-up.