Fat-based registration of breast dynamic contrast enhanced water images.

Purpose: In this study, a 3D fat-based deformable registration algorithm was developed for registering dynamic contrast-enhanced breast images.

Methods: The mutual information similarity measure with free-form deformation motion correction in rapidly enhancing lesions can introduce motion. However, in Dixon-based fat-water separated acquisitions, the nonenhancing fat signal can directly be used to estimate deformable motion, which can be later used to deform the water images.

The family of berberine bridge enzyme-like enzymes: A treasure-trove of oxidative reactions.

Biological oxidations form the basis of life on earth by utilizing organic compounds as electron donors to drive the generation of metabolic energy carriers, such as ATP. Oxidative reactions are also important for the biosynthesis of complex compounds, i.e.

Development of a Web-Based Registry to Support Diabetes Care in Free Medical Clinics.

The United States has more than 1,000 free medical clinics. Because these clinics do not bill Medicare or Medicaid, they are not eligible for federal reimbursement for electronic health record (EHR) adoption. As a result, most do not have EHRs or electronic disease registries.

An integrated method to evaluate and monitor the conservation state of coralligenous habitats: The INDEX-COR approach.

A new method based on photographic sampling coupled with in situ observations was applied to 53 stations along the French Mediterranean coast, to assess the integrity of coralligenous reefs affected by different levels of anthropogenic pressure. The conservation state of the assemblages characterizing these habitats was then assessed by an index - the INDEX-COR - that integrates three metrics: (i) the sensitivity of the taxa to organic matter and sediment deposition, (ii) the observable taxonomic richness, and (iii) the structural complexity of the assemblages. The sensitivity of INDEX-COR was tested and showed good correlation with the Level of Pressure calculated for each station according to expert judgment and field observations.

TITAN: phase III study of doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide followed by ixabepilone or paclitaxel in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer.

Purpose: Ixabepilone is a microtubule stabilizer with activity in taxane-refractory metastatic breast cancer and low susceptibility to taxane-resistance mechanisms including multidrug-resistant phenotypes and high β-III tubulin expression. Since these resistance mechanisms are common in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), ixabepilone may have particular advantages in this patient population. This study evaluated the substitution of ixabepilone for paclitaxel following doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide (AC) in the adjuvant treatment of early-stage TNBC.

Prevalence of Dental Caries, Oral Hygiene Knowledge, Status, and Practices among Visually Impaired Individuals in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.

. To assess the prevalence of dental caries, oral hygiene knowledge, status, and practices among visually impaired individuals in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. .

Mobile laboratories: An innovative and efficient solution for radiological characterization of sites under or after decommissioning.

During the operation and the decommissioning of a nuclear site the operator must assure the protection of the workers and the environment. It must furthermore identify and classify the various wastes, while optimizing the associated costs. At all stages of the decommissioning radiological measurements are performed to determine the initial situation, to monitor the demolition and clean-up, and to verify the final situation.

Clinical anatomy e-cases: a five-year follow-up of learning analytics.

Aim: This article explores the development and user experiences of a supplementary e-learning resource (clinical anatomy e-cases) for medical students, across a five-year teaching period.

Methods: A series of online supplementary e-learning resources (the clinical anatomy e-cases) were developed and introduced to the regional and clinical anatomy module of the medicine course. Usage analytics were collected online from a cohort of third-year medical students and analysed to gain a better understanding of how students utilised these resources.

A comparison study of clinician-rated atopic dermatitis outcome measures for intermediate- to dark-skinned patients.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) assessment is more difficult in patients with skin of colour (SOC).

Objectives: To compare the reliability of commonly used outcome measures for assessing AD in patients with SOC and to evaluate a novel greyscale in this population.

Methods: Twenty-five patients with AD each attended a 1-day scoring exercise based in either Sydney or Melbourne, Australia.

Australian dermatologists' perspective on skin of colour: Results of a national survey.

Background/objectives: This study documents the perspectives of Australian dermatologists on the adequacy of teaching and training in skin of colour (SOC), and their confidence in diagnosing and treating common medical, surgical and cosmetic issues in SOC and to gauge their desire for further training in this area.

Methods: Surveys were distributed to Australasian Dermatologists during their annual scientific meeting in Melbourne, Australia in 2014. Completed surveys from dermatologists nationwide were collected and evaluated.

Nostril Advantage in Trigeminal/Olfactory Perception and Its Relation to Handedness.

Introduction Few studies investigated nostril-advantage in chemosensory perception, particularly, in relation to handedness. The aim of the present article was therefore to assess whether trigeminal/olfactory perception is altered by handedness. Methods We tested 50 (all right-handed) and 43 (22 left-handed) participants in Studies 1 and 2, respectively.

Testing Hadronic Interactions at Ultrahigh Energies with Air Showers Measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory.

Ultrahigh energy cosmic ray air showers probe particle physics at energies beyond the reach of accelerators. Here we introduce a new method to test hadronic interaction models without relying on the absolute energy calibration, and apply it to events with primary energy 6-16 EeV (E_{CM}=110-170  TeV), whose longitudinal development and lateral distribution were simultaneously measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory. The average hadronic shower is 1.

Aging is associated with an expansion of CD49f mammary stem cells that show a decline in function and increased transformation potential.

Breast cancer incidence increases during aging, yet the mechanism of age-associated mammary tumorigenesis is unclear. Mammary stem cells are believed to play an important role in breast tumorigenesis, but how their function changes with age is unknown. We compared mammary epithelial cells isolated from young and old mammary glands of different cohorts of C57BL6/J and BALB/c mice, and our findings revealed that old mammary glands were characterized by increased basal cell pool comprised of mostly CD49f cells, altered luminal-to-basal cell ratio, and irregular ductal morphology.

Macrophage PPARγ, a Lipid Activated Transcription Factor Controls the Growth Factor GDF3 and Skeletal Muscle Regeneration.

Tissue regeneration requires inflammatory and reparatory activity of macrophages. Macrophages detect and eliminate the damaged tissue and subsequently promote regeneration. This dichotomy requires the switch of effector functions of macrophages coordinated with other cell types inside the injured tissue.

International Society for Advancement of Cytometry (ISAC) flow cytometry shared resource laboratory (SRL) best practices.

The purpose of this document is to define minimal standards for a flow cytometry shared resource laboratory (SRL) and provide guidance for best practices in several important areas. This effort is driven by the desire of International Society for the Advancement of Cytometry (ISAC) members in SRLs to define and maintain standards of excellence in flow cytometry, and act as a repository for key elements of this information (e.g.

Use of a multiplexed immunoassay (PRO Onc assay) to detect HER2 abnormalities in circulating tumor cells of women with HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer: lack of response to HER2-targeted therapy.

Purpose: Determination of HER2 status by testing circulating tumor cells (CTCs), compared to sampling tumor biopsies, may improve patient management by allowing ongoing assessment of HER2 status during the disease course. The PRO Onc assay (Prometheus Laboratories; San Diego, CA) is a multiplexed immunoassay that measures the expression and activation of HER2 in CTCs. In this study, we screened patients with metastatic HER2-negative breast cancer with the PRO Onc assay; patients with HER2 overexpression or activation received a trial of HER2-targeted therapy.

Fatty acid-related modulations of membrane fluidity in cells: detection and implications.

Metabolic homeostasis of fatty acids is complex and well-regulated in all organisms. The biosynthesis of saturated fatty acids (SFA) in mammals provides substrates for β-oxidation and ATP production. Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) are products of desaturases that introduce a methylene group in cis geometry in SFA.

Ramucirumab With Eribulin Versus Eribulin in Locally Recurrent or Metastatic Breast Cancer Previously Treated With Anthracycline and Taxane Therapy: A Multicenter, Randomized, Phase II Study.

Background: Use of antiangiogenic agents in treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) remains controversial. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of ramucirumab and eribulin versus eribulin alone as third- to fifth-line therapy in women with advanced breast cancer.

Patients And Methods: In this randomized (1:1), open-label, phase II study, US women aged 18 years or older with 2 to 4 previous chemotherapy regimens for locally recurrent or MBC, previous anthracycline and taxane treatment, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1 received ramucirumab with eribulin or eribulin alone in 21-day cycles (eribulin 1.

SETDB2 Links Glucocorticoid to Lipid Metabolism through Insig2a Regulation.

Transcriptional and chromatin regulations mediate the liver response to nutrient availability. The role of chromatin factors involved in hormonal regulation in response to fasting is not fully understood. We have identified SETDB2, a glucocorticoid-induced putative epigenetic modifier, as a positive regulator of GR-mediated gene activation in liver.

Simulations in undergraduate nursing programmes in New Zealand: current status and next steps.

Introduction: There is an increasing global tendency to use simulations in nursing education. This research examined the current status of simulation programs in undergraduate nursing schools in New Zealand. The goal was to gain a better understanding of how simulations are currently implemented in nursing schools and to identify the associated opportunities and challenges.

Following the Reduction of Oxygen on TiO2 Anatase (101) Step by Step.

We have investigated the reaction between O2 and H2O, coadsorbed on the (101) surface of a reduced TiO2 anatase single crystal by scanning tunneling microscopy, density functional theory, temperature-programmed desorption, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. While water adsorbs molecularly on the anatase (101) surface, the reaction with O2 results in water dissociation and formation of terminal OH groups. We show that these terminal OHs are the final and stable reaction product on reduced anatase.

Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy.

We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of 15.8±0.

Panitumumab, Gemcitabine, and Carboplatin as Treatment for Women With Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Sarah Cannon Research Institute Phase II Trial.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype with poor prognosis, and treatment options are limited to chemotherapy. Because the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in up to 70% of these tumors, this phase II trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of panitumumab in combination with gemcitabine and carboplatin as first- or second-line treatment for metastatic TNBC.

Patients And Methods: Adult women with metastatic TNBC with a maximum of 1 previous chemotherapy regimen were eligible.

Five-year results of a prospective clinical trial investigating accelerated partial breast irradiation using 3D conformal radiotherapy after lumpectomy for early stage breast cancer.

Background: Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) is emerging as an alternative to whole-breast irradiation. This study presents the results of a prospective trial evaluating 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) to deliver APBI for early-stage breast cancer.

Methods: Patients with unifocal stage 0-II breast cancer measuring ≤2.

Impact of Breast Density Legislation on Breast Cancer Risk Assessment and Supplemental Screening: A Survey of 110 Radiology Facilities.

Breast density notification laws, passed in 19 states as of October 2014, mandate that patients be informed of their breast density. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of this legislation on radiology practices, including performance of breast cancer risk assessment and supplemental screening studies. A 20-question anonymous web-based survey was emailed to radiologists in the Society of Breast Imaging between August 2013 and March 2014.