Diagnostic Performance of MR Elastography for Liver Fibrosis in Children and Young Adults with a Spectrum of Liver Diseases.

Purpose To assess the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance (MR) elastography-derived liver stiffness to detect liver fibrosis in a pediatric and young adult population with a spectrum of liver diseases. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included patients younger than 21 years of age who underwent MR elastography and liver biopsy within 3 months of one another between January 2012 and September 2016 for indications other than liver transplantation or Fontan palliation of congenital heart disease. MR elastography examinations were reprocessed by a single observer, blinded to pathologic findings.

Secretin-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography for Assessing Pancreatic Secretory Function in Children.

Objective: To assess the accuracy and interrater reproducibility of measurements of pancreatic secretory function by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography in response to secretin administration and to describe our experience using the technique to noninvasively assess pancreatic secretory function in a pediatric population.

Study Design: In the accuracy study, phantoms with varying fluid volume (47-206 mL) were imaged using the clinical quantification sequence. Fluid volume was measured by image segmentation (ImageJ).

Specialized Imaging and Procedures in Pediatric Pancreatology: A North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Clinical Report.

Objectives: An increasing number of children are being diagnosed with pancreatitis and other pancreatic abnormalities. Dissemination of the information regarding existing imaging techniques and endoscopic modalities to diagnose and manage pancreatic disorders in children is sorely needed.

Methods: We conducted a review of the medical literature on the use of the following imaging and procedural modalities in pediatric pancreatology: transabdominal ultrasonography (TUS), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

Diagnostic Performance and Dose Comparison of Filtered Back Projection and Adaptive Iterative Dose Reduction Three-dimensional CT Enterography in Children and Young Adults.

Purpose: To investigate diagnostic performance and radiation dose with the use of computed tomographic (CT) enterography in children and young adults and to compare reconstruction with filtered back projection (FBP) to that with adaptive iterative dose reduction (AIDR) with three-dimensional (3D) processing.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective investigation was HIPAA compliant and approved by the institutional review board. Informed consent was waived.

Relationship of MR elastography determined liver stiffness with cardiac function after Fontan palliation.

Purpose: To use MR elastography to assess liver stiffness in patients with congenital heart disease palliated with the Fontan procedure and correlate findings with cardiac index and other functional parameters obtained during cardiac MRI.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 14 patients (15 examinations) with Fontan circulation who underwent both cardiac MRI and liver MR elastography (MRE) on the same day. Liver stiffness was determined by calculating the mean liver stiffness from four slice locations.

CT and MR enterography in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease.

The term inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is used to describe multiple idiopathic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. As many as one-quarter of patients with IBD initially present in childhood or adolescence. Multiple methods can be used to diagnose IBD in this age group, including computed tomographic (CT) enterography, magnetic resonance (MR) enterography, small bowel follow-through examination, ileocolonoscopy, and capsule endoscopy.

Magnetic resonance elastography of the liver in patients status-post fontan procedure: feasibility and preliminary results.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of performing magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) as a screening tool for elevated liver stiffness in patients' status-post Fontan procedure.

Background: With greater numbers of Fontan patients surviving far into adulthood, a factor increasingly affecting long-term prognosis is the presence of hepatic congestion and fibrosis. If detected early, steps can be taken to potentially slow or halt the progression of fibrosis.

Hepatic pathology after Fontan palliation: spectrum of imaging findings.

Background: Patients with congenital heart disease corrected by Fontan palliation have chronic liver congestion that commonly progresses to fibrosis and cirrhosis with resultant complications.

Objective: To define the hepatic imaging characteristics associated with Fontan circulation.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was performed in patients who underwent Fontan palliation who had CT or MR examinations including the liver.

Inflammatory bowel disease in children and adolescents: assessing the diagnostic performance and interreader agreement of magnetic resonance enterography compared to histopathology.

Rationale And Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) compared to histopathology in the evaluation of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease and to assess interreader reliability for image interpretation.

Materials And Methods: All magnetic resonance enterography studies performed for known or suspected inflammatory bowel disease between July 2009 and July 2010 were retrospectively reviewed by two pediatric radiologists. Exams were evaluated for signs of enteric inflammation and extraenteric disease.