Postoperative Pain Relief after Pancreatic Resection: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Analgesic Modalities.

Background: This systematic review explored the efficacy of different pain relief modalities used in the management of postoperative pain following pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) and distal pancreatectomy (DP) and impact on perioperative outcomes.

Methods: MEDLINE (OVID), Embase, Pubmed, Web of Science and CENTRAL databases were searched using PRISMA framework. Primary outcomes included pain on postoperative day 2 and 4 and respiratory morbidity.

Assessment of Autonomy in Operative Procedures Among Female and Male New Zealand General Surgery Trainees.

Importance: The need for trainee sex equality within surgical training has resulted in an appraisal of the training experience in the New Zealand general surgery training program.

Objective: To investigate the association between trainee sex and surgical autonomy in the operating room in the New Zealand general surgery training program.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Retrospective cohort study conducted from December 10, 2012, to December 10, 2017, examining all endoscopic, major, and minor procedures performed by all New Zealand general surgery trainees in every training hospital in New Zealand.