Perioperative Antibiotic Use in Pediatric Solid Tumor Resection: A Two-center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: There is no consensus on the perioperative use of antibiotics in pediatric solid tumor resection. This study collected data from two pediatric centers that utilize perioperative antibiotics to varying degrees in pediatric solid tumor patients to investigate the occurrence of postoperative sepsis and infectious complications.

Methods: A two-institution, retrospective cohort study was performed.

Wilms Tumor with Vena Caval Intravascular Extension: A Surgical Perspective.

Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common kidney tumor in pediatric patients. Intravascular extension of WT above the level of the renal veins is a rare manifestation that complicates surgical management. Patients with intravascular extension are frequently asymptomatic at diagnosis, and tumor thrombus extension is usually diagnosed by imaging.

CTNNB1 exon 3 mutations in metastatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas.

Background And Objectives: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas demonstrates an indolent disease course; however, some patients present with a "malignant" phenotype, including distant metastases resistant to chemotherapy. This analysis identifies molecular drivers of metastatic SPN using the world's largest clinicogenomics database.

Methods: The American Association for Cancer Research Project Genomics Evidence Neoplasia Information Exchange was queried for primary and metastatic SPN samples.

Concomitant Wilms tumor and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Background: Concomitant Wilms tumor (WT) and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is exceedingly rare, presenting a diagnostic and technical challenge to pediatric surgical oncologists. The simultaneous workup and management of these disease processes are incompletely described.

Procedure: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients treated at our institution with concomitant diagnoses of WT and ADPKD.

The role of extracorporeal life support and timing of repair in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) serves as a rescue therapy for patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and severe cardiopulmonary failure, and only half of these patients survive to discharge. This costly intervention has a significant complication risk and is reserved for patients with the most severe disease physiology refractory to maximal cardiopulmonary support. Some contraindications to ECLS do exist such as coagulopathy, lethal chromosomal or congenital anomaly, very preterm birth, or very low birth weight, but many of these limits are being evaluated through further research.

A predictive model for preterm babies born < 30 weeks gestational age who will not attain full oral feedings.

Objective: Develop a model to predict gastrostomy tube (GT) for feeding at discharge in infants born < 30 weeks' (w) gestational age (GA).

Study Design: A single-center retrospective study at academic NICU. Total of 391 (78 GT, 313 non-GT) infants < 30 w GA admitted in 2015-2018 split into test (15-16) and validation (17-18) cohorts.

Gastrojejunocolic fistula: case report of a rare late complication of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and review of the literature.

Introduction: Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) is known as the weight loss surgery to which other bariatric procedures are compared. While morbidity and mortality of this procedure are low, serious complications do exist which can be life-threatening and sometimes require surgical correction.

Case Presentation: A 63-year-old woman underwent LRYGB outside of the United States, later complicated by biliary colic treated with cholecystectomy and upper gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to H.

The role of RNase H2 in processing ribonucleotides incorporated during DNA replication.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae RNase H2 resolves RNA-DNA hybrids formed during transcription and it incises DNA at single ribonucleotides incorporated during nuclear DNA replication. To distinguish between the roles of these two activities in maintenance of genome stability, here we investigate the phenotypes of a mutant of yeast RNase H2 (rnh201-RED; ribonucleotide excision defective) that retains activity on RNA-DNA hybrids but is unable to cleave single ribonucleotides that are stably incorporated into the genome. The rnh201-RED mutant was expressed in wild type yeast or in a strain that also encodes a mutant allele of DNA polymerase ε (pol2-M644G) that enhances ribonucleotide incorporation during DNA replication.