Basic Hip Arthroscopy: Anatomic Establishment of Arthroscopic Portals Without Fluoroscopic Guidance.

Hip arthroscopy has gained popularity in recent years for diagnostic and therapeutic hip preservation management. This article details the establishment of arthroscopic portals of the hip, specifically the anterolateral and modified anterior portals without fluoroscopic guidance. The anterolateral portal is established anatomically, and the modified anterior portal is then established under arthroscopic guidance.

Anatomic and physiopathologic changes affecting the airway of the elderly patient: implications for geriatric-focused airway management.

There are many anatomical, physiopathological, and cognitive changes that occur in the elderly that affect different components of airway management: intubation, ventilation, oxygenation, and risk of aspiration. Anatomical changes occur in different areas of the airway from the oral cavity to the larynx. Common changes to the airway include tooth decay, oropharyngeal tumors, and significant decreases in neck range of motion.