Absence of (sub-)acute cerebral events or lesions after electroporation ablation in the left-sided canine heart.

Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a nonthermal ablation modality. A 200-J application can create deep myocardial lesions, but gas bubbles are created at the ablation electrode. Cerebral effects of these bubbles are unknown.

Evaluation of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging at 3.0 Tesla for differentiation between intracranial neoplastic and noninfectious inflammatory lesions in dogs.

Objective: To evaluate the utility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) values obtained by diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) at 3.0 T for differentiating intracranial neoplastic lesions from noninfectious inflammatory lesions (NIILs) in dogs.

Animals: 54 dogs that met inclusion criteria (ie, had a histologically confirmed intracranial lesion and DWI of the brain performed) with 5 lesion types: meningioma [n = 18], glioma [14], metastatic hemangiosarcoma [3], other metastatic neoplasms [5], and NIIL [14]).

Evaluation of the diagnostic utility of cytologic examination of renal fine-needle aspirates from dogs and the use of ultrasonographic features to inform cytologic diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE To describe cytologic characteristics of renal fine-needle aspirate (FNA) samples from dogs, evaluate proportions of cytologic specimens deemed adequate for interpretation (diagnostic yield), assess diagnostic utility of cytologic examination for neoplastic and nonneoplastic diseases, and characterize ultrasonographic features of evaluated kidneys to determine whether the imaging characteristics could be used to inform cytologic interpretations. DESIGN Retrospective, observational study. SAMPLE 102 cytologic specimens and 97 ultrasonographic studies from 100 dogs.

Evaluation of canine hepatic masses by use of triphasic computed tomography and B-mode, color flow, power, and pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasonography and correlation with histopathologic classification.

OBJECTIVE To determine clinical relevance for quantitative and qualitative features of canine hepatic masses evaluated by use of triphasic CT and B-mode, color flow, power, and pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasonography and to compare diagnostic accuracy of these modalities for predicting mass type on the basis of histopathologic classification. ANIMALS 44 client-owned dogs. PROCEDURES Dogs with histopathologic confirmation (needle core, punch, or excisional biopsy) of a hepatic mass were enrolled.

Diagnostic utility of renal fine-needle aspirate cytology and ultrasound in the cat.

Objectives The primary objective of this study was to retrospectively assess the diagnostic utility of feline renal fine-needle aspiration cytology by assessing diagnostic yield, cytologic characteristics and diagnostic accuracy. The secondary objective was to characterize ultrasonographic features of sampled kidneys to determine if they influenced diagnostic yield. Methods Slides, images and patient data were collected from the University of Minnesota Veterinary Medical Center database.

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the brain of neurologically normal dogs.

Unlabelled: OBJECTIVE To acquire MRI diffusion data (apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC] and fractional anisotropy [FA] values, including separate measures for gray and white matter) at 3.0 T for multiple locations of the brain of neurologically normal dogs.

Animals: 13 neurologically normal dogs recruited from a group of patients undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy.

Evaluation of 18-F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) as a staging and monitoring tool for dogs with stage-2 splenic hemangiosarcoma - A pilot study.

Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET-CT) is routinely used for staging and monitoring of human cancer patients and is becoming increasingly available in veterinary medicine. In this study, 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG)-PET-CT was used in dogs with naturally occurring splenic hemangiosarcoma (HSA) to assess its utility as a staging and monitoring modality as compared to standard radiography and ultrasonography. Nine dogs with stage-2 HSA underwent 18FDG-PET-CT following splenectomy and prior to commencement of chemotherapy.

Multivoxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of inflammatory and neoplastic lesions of the canine brain at 3.0 T.

Objective: To describe findings of 3.0-T multivoxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) in dogs with inflammatory and neoplastic intracranial disease and to determine the applicability of (1)H-MRS for differentiating between inflammatory and neoplastic lesions and between meningiomas and gliomas.

Animals: 33 dogs with intracranial disease (19 neoplastic [10 meningioma, 7 glioma, and 2 other] and 14 inflammatory).

Evaluation of the accuracy of neurologic data, survey radiographic results, or both for localization of the site of thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation in dogs.

Objective: To determine the accuracy of neurologic data, survey radiographic results, or both for localization of the site of thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation in dogs.

Sample: 338 dogs with surgically confirmed intervertebral disk herniation from disk spaces T10-11 to L6-7.

Procedures: Medical records and archived survey radiographs were reviewed for each case.

Relative metabolite concentrations and ratios determined by use of 3-T region-specific proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the brain of healthy Beagles.

Objective: To determine relative concentrations of selected major brain tissue metabolites and their ratios and lobar variations by use of 3-T proton (hydrogen 1 [(1)H]) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of the brain of healthy dogs.

Animals: 10 healthy Beagles.

Procedures: 3-T (1)H MRS at echo times of 144 and 35 milliseconds was performed on 5 transverse slices and 1 sagittal slice of representative brain lobe regions.

Ultrasound criteria and guided fine-needle aspiration diagnostic yields in small animal peritoneal, mesenteric and omental disease.

Peritoneal, mesenteric, and omental diseases are important causes of morbidity and mortality in humans and animals, although information in the veterinary literature is limited. The purposes of this retrospective study were to determine whether objectively applied ultrasound interpretive criteria are statistically useful in differentiating among cytologically defined normal, inflammatory, and neoplastic peritoneal conditions in dogs and cats. A second goal was to determine the cytologically interpretable yield on ultrasound-guided, fine-needle sampling of peritoneal, mesenteric, or omental structures.

Parenchymal signal intensity in 3-T body MRI of dogs with hematopoietic neoplasia.

We performed a preliminary study involving 10 dogs to assess the applicability of body MRI for staging of canine diffuse hematopoietic neoplasia. T1-weighted (before and after intravenous gadolinium), T2-weighted, in-phase, out-of-phase, and short tau inversion recovery pulse sequences were used. By using digital region of interest (ROI) and visual comparison techniques, relative parenchymal organ (medial iliac lymph nodes, liver, spleen, kidney cortex, and kidney medulla) signal intensity was quantified as less than, equal to, or greater than that of skeletal muscle in 2 clinically normal young adult dogs and 10 dogs affected with either B-cell lymphoma (n = 7) or myelodysplastic syndrome (n = 3).

Accuracy of US-guided FNA of focal liver lesions in dogs: 140 cases (2005-2008).

Medical records from dogs having abdominal ultrasound (US) performed between March 2005 and October 2008 were reviewed for detection of focal liver lesions (FLL) with both cytologic and histologic sampling. Samples were classified as to either the presence or absence of major categories of pathologic processes, including malignant neoplasia, inflammation, hyperplasia/benign neoplasia, vacuolar change, extramedullary hematopoeisis, cholestasis, necrosis, and no microscopic abnormalities. Evaluation of selection bias was performed by review of the relative distribution of cytologic diagnoses for cases with histology compared with cases excluded from the comparison analysis because histology results were not available.

Optimizing a protocol for (1) H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the canine brain at 3T.

Intracranial diseases are common in dogs and improved noninvasive diagnostic tests are needed. Magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy is a technique used in conjunction with conventional MR imaging to characterize focal and diffuse pathology, especially in the brain. As with conventional MR imaging, there are numerous technical factors that must be considered to optimize image quality.

Analysis of clinical and ultrasonographic data by use of logistic regression models for prediction of malignant versus benign causes of ultrasonographically detected focal liver lesions in dogs.

Objective: To investigate the value of clinical, laboratory, and imaging data for use in predicting malignant or benign histologic results for ultrasonographically detected focal liver lesions in dogs.

Sample: Records and archived images of 247 dogs evaluated at the University of Minnesota Veterinary Medical Center from 2005 to 2008 that underwent abdominal ultrasonography and histologic evaluation of the liver.

Procedures: Data were analyzed with multivariable logistic regression models.

Clinical, ultrasonographic, and laboratory findings associated with gallbladder disease and rupture in dogs: 45 cases (1997-2007).

Objective: To identify clinical, laboratory, and ultrasonographic characteristics associated with gallbladder disease and rupture in dogs.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 45 client-owned dogs.

Utility of diagnostic tests for and medical treatment of pulmonary blastomycosis in dogs: 125 cases (1989-2006).

Objective: To compare results of the most common diagnostic tests for pulmonary blastomycosis in dogs, identify factors associated with outcome, and determine response to various antifungal treatment protocols.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 125 dogs with pulmonary blastomycosis.

Radiographic findings in dogs with pulmonary blastomycosis: 125 cases (1989-2006).

Objective: To identify radiographic patterns in dogs with pulmonary blastomycosis and radiographic factors associated with outcome.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 125 dogs with pulmonary blastomycosis.

Statistical relevance of ultrasonographic criteria in the assessment of diffuse liver disease in dogs and cats.

Objective: To determine whether objectively applied ultrasonographic interpretive criteria are statistically useful in differentiating among 7 defined categories of diffuse liver disease in dogs and cats.

Sample Population: Ultrasonographic images of 229 dogs and 104 cats.

Procedures: Liver parenchymal or related sonographic criteria established by the authors were retrospectively and independently applied by 3 radiologists who were not aware of patient status or patient laboratory data.

Evaluation of total and ionized calcium status in dogs with blastomycosis: 38 cases (1997-2006).

Objective: To determine blood ionized calcium (iCa) and serum total calcium (tCa) concentrations in dogs with blastomycosis and to evaluate whether serum tCa concentration, albumin-adjusted serum calcium concentration (AdjCa-Alb), and total protein-adjusted serum calcium concentration (AdjCa-TP) accurately predict iCa status.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 38 client-owned dogs with a cytologic diagnosis of blastomycosis.

Nuclear imaging and radiation therapy in canine and feline thyroid disease.

The indications, techniques, and expectations for radionuclide diagnostic studies on canine and feline thyroid glands are presented. In addition, the considerations surrounding radioiodine or external beam radiotherapy for benign and malignant thyroid disease are reviewed. The intent of this article is to familiarize primary care veterinarians with the utility of and outcome of the ionizing radiation-based diagnostic and therapeutic techniques for assessing and treating canine and feline thyroid disease.

Relationship between selected echocardiographic variables before and after radioiodine treatment in 91 hyperthyroid cats.

Ninety-one spontaneously hyperthyroid cats were studied by two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography with in a week before and 2-3 months following oral radioiodine administration. A statistical search was made for a correlation between any of the linear echocardiographic variables (pre- or posttreatment) and the serum total thyroxine concentrations (pre- or posttreatment). No clinically useful relationships were found.

Absolute and relative cell counts for synovial fluid from clinically normal shoulder and stifle joints in cats.

Objective: To determine absolute and relative cell counts for synovial fluid from grossly, radiographically, and histologically normal shoulder and stifle joints in healthy cats.

Design: Clinical study.

Animals: 52 cats scheduled to be euthanatized for unrelated reasons.

Computed tomographic evaluation of canine and feline mediastinal masses in 14 patients.

A 15-year retrospective analysis of histologically proven canine and feline mediastinal malignancies at the University of Minnesota was conducted to identify patients imaged by computed tomography (CT). The goal of the study was to characterize the CT appearance, to determine if there were any tumor type-specific appearances, and to clarify the role of CT in patients with mediastinal masses. Fourteen patients meeting these criteria were available for evaluation.

Computed tomography of masses of the brachial plexus and contributing nerve roots in dogs.

A retrospective analysis of masses of the brachial plexus and contributing nerve roots in dogs seen at the University of Minnesota over a 17-year period was conducted. The goal of the study was to characterize their computed tomographic (CT) appearance and determine the minimum mass size confidently detectable. Twenty-four cases with a recorded diagnosis of brachial plexus or caudal cervical nerve root mass were found, wherein both the medical records and CT images were available for evaluation.