Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-to-apolipoprotein B ratio as a potential indicator of LDL particle size and plasma atherogenicity in type 2 diabetes.

Aims: Atherogenic dyslipidemia, associated with small, dense low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (S-LDL) particles and impaired metabolism of triglycerides (TGs) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), leads to the development of atherosclerosis-related complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Based on the hypothesis that an LDL-c-to-apolipoprotein B ratio (LDL/ApoB) < 1.2 may predict the prevalence of S-LDL, this study aimed to evaluate the LDL/ApoB ratio in patients with type 2 diabetes with moderately elevated TG levels.

Clinical Utility of the Logarithmically Transformed Ratio of Triglycerides-to- High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Its Relationship with Other Atherosclerosis-Related Lipid Factors in Type 2 Diabetes.

Elevated triglyceride (TG) levels and reduced high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) levels indicate lipid abnormalities, but their levels alone do not reflect the actual status of plasma atherogenicity and cardiovascular disease risk (CVD). TG and HDL-c levels directly affect the balance between plasma atherogenic and antiatherogenic factors, as well as values of the atherogenic index of plasma [AIP (logarithmically transformed ratio of TG-to-HDL-c)]. The aim of this study was to evaluate the AIP risk categories (an indicator of plasma atherogenicity) and the relationships of AIP with other atherosclerosis-related lipid parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and their potential clinical utility.