Evolution of antibiotic treatments for healthcare-associated infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in France.

Background: Infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBLE) remain a public health challenge.

Aim: We traced the evolution of antibiotics prescribed for patients with ESBLE-healthcare associated infections (ESBLE-HAI) between 2012 and 2017, with a specific focus on treatments for lower urinary tract infections (LUTI).

Methods: We used the 2012 and 2017 French point prevalence survey data.

Association of Healthcare and Aesthetic Procedures with Infections Caused by Nontuberculous Mycobacteria, France, 2012‒2020.

We describe nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections during 2012-2020 associated with health care and aesthetic procedures in France. We obtained epidemiologic data from the national early warning response system for healtcare-associated infections and data on NTM isolates from the National Reference Center for Mycobacteria. We compared clinical and environmental isolates by using whole-genome sequencing.

Genomics With Regard to Epidemiological and Clinical Investigations Conducted for an Open Chest Postsurgical Infection Outbreak.

Background: Postsurgical infections due to appeared as a novel nosocomial threat in 2015, with a worldwide outbreak due to contaminated heater-cooler units used in open chest surgery. We report the results of investigations conducted in France including whole-genome sequencing comparison of patient and heater-cooler unit isolates.

Methods: We sought infection cases from 2010 onwards through national epidemiological investigations in health care facilities performing cardiopulmonary bypass, together with a survey on good practices and systematic heater-cooler unit microbial analyses.

Patterns of antibiotic use in hospital-acquired infections.

Background: Monitoring the use of antimicrobials in hospitalized patients is critical owing to the risk of resistance selection. This study aimed to describe the patterns of antimicrobial prescription for the most frequent healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in France, relating drugs and microbiological data.

Methods: We used data from the 2017 point-prevalence survey of HAI and antimicrobial use in France, a large nationally representative sample survey of inpatients.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 in French Residential Care Facilities: A Nationwide Study.

Objectives: The Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused a considerable mortality in long-term care facilities (LTCFs), including residential care setting and nursing homes. This study aimed to estimate COVID-19 incidence and mortality in residential care facilities and to compare them with those recorded in nursing homes.

Design: Nationwide observational study conducted by French health authorities.

A prospective multicentre surveillance study to investigate the risk associated with contaminated sinks in the intensive care unit.

Objectives: The aim was to assess the incidence of sink contamination by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacteriaceae, risk factors for sink contamination and splashing, and their association with clinical infections in the intensive care setting.

Methods: A prospective French multicentre study (1 January to 30 May 2020) including in each intensive care unit (ICU) a point-prevalence study of sink contamination, a questionnaire of risk factors for sink contamination (sink use, disinfection procedure) and splashing (visible plashes, distance and barrier between sink and bed), and a 3-month prospective infection survey.

Results: Seventy-three ICUs participated in the study.

Epidemiology of infections, France, 2010 to 2017.

Background is a leading cause of healthcare-associated diarrhoea in middle and high-income countries. Up to 2018, there has been no systematic, annual surveillance for infections (CDI) in France.AimsTo provide an updated overview of the epidemiology of CDI in France between 2010 and 2017 based on five different data sources.

[Study of self-reported health of people living near point sources of environmental pollution: a review. Second part: analysis of results and perspectives].

Background: Epidemiological studies have investigated the health impacts of local sources of environmental pollution using as an outcome variable self-reported health, reflecting the overall perception interviewed people have of their own health. This work aims at analyzing the advantages and the results of this approach. This second part presents the results of the studies.

[Study of self-reported health of people living near point sources of environmental pollution: a review. First part: health indicators].

Background: Epidemiological studies have investigated the health impacts of local sources of environmental pollution using as an outcome variable self-reported health, reflecting the overall perception interviewed people have of their own health. This work aims at analyzing the advantages and the results of this approach. A first step focused on describing the indicators.

Risk of cancer in the vicinity of municipal solid waste incinerators: importance of using a flexible modelling strategy.

Background: We conducted an ecological study in four French administrative departments and highlighted an excess risk in cancer morbidity for residents around municipal solid waste incinerators. The aim of this paper is to show how important are advanced tools and statistical techniques to better assess weak associations between the risk of cancer and past environmental exposures.

Methods: The steps to evaluate the association between the risk of cancer and the exposure to incinerators, from the assessment of exposure to the definition of the confounding variables and the statistical analysis carried out are detailed and discussed.

Risk for non Hodgkin's lymphoma in the vicinity of French municipal solid waste incinerators.

Background: Dioxin emissions from municipal solid waste incinerators are one of the major sources of dioxins and therefore are an exposure source of public concern. There is growing epidemiologic evidence of an increased risk for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in the vicinity of some municipal solid waste incinerators with high dioxin emission levels. The purpose of this study was to examine this association on a larger population scale.