Nonoperative Management of Boerhaave Syndrome: A Case Study.

Spontaneous esophageal rupture, also known as Boerhaave syndrome, represents an unusual yet clinically significant condition characterized by the rupture of the esophageal wall due to a sudden increase in intraluminal pressure, typically induced by vomiting, concomitant with negative intrathoracic pressure dynamics. This condition poses a challenging clinical entity, presenting high mortality rates, especially when treatment is delayed. Surgical intervention is frequently employed as the primary management strategy, while non-surgical approaches, including stent placement and endoluminal vacuum therapy, are less commonly utilized.

Extended Analysis of Raman Spectra Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Colorectal Abnormality Classification.

Raman spectroscopy (RS) techniques are attracting attention in the medical field as a promising tool for real-time biochemical analyses. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms with RS has greatly enhanced its ability to accurately classify spectral data in vivo. This combination has opened up new possibilities for precise and efficient analysis in medical applications.

High Intratumoral i-tRF-Gly Expression Predicts Short-Term Relapse and Poor Overall Survival of Colorectal Cancer Patients, Independent of the TNM Stage.

Colorectal cancer (CRC), one of the most prevalent types of cancer, requires the discovery of new tumor biomarkers for accurate patient prognosis. In this work, the prognostic value of the tRNA fragment i-tRF-Gly in CRC was examined. Total RNA extraction from 211 CRC patient cancer tissue specimens and 83 adjacent normal tissues was conducted.

MicroRNA-675-5p Overexpression Is an Independent Prognostic Molecular Biomarker of Short-Term Relapse and Poor Overall Survival in Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the main cause of cancer-related deaths globally, highlighting the importance of accurate biomarkers for early detection and accurate prognosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as effective cancer biomarkers. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic potential of miR-675-5p as a molecular prognostic biomarker in CRC.

Biochemical differentiation between cancerous and normal human colorectal tissues by micro-Raman spectroscopy.

Human colorectal tissues obtained by ten cancer patients have been examined by multiple micro-Raman spectroscopic measurements in the 500-3200 cm range under 785 nm excitation. Distinct spectral profiles are recorded from different spots on the samples: a predominant 'typical' profile of colorectal tissue, as well as those from tissue topologies with high lipid, blood or collagen content. Principal component analysis identified several Raman bands of amino acids, proteins and lipids which allow the efficient discrimination of normal from cancer tissues, the first presenting plurality of Raman spectral profiles while the last showing off quite uniform spectroscopic characteristics.

Raman Spectroscopy: A Personalized Decision-Making Tool on Clinicians' Hands for In Situ Cancer Diagnosis and Surgery Guidance.

Accurate in situ diagnosis and optimal surgical removal of a malignancy constitute key elements in reducing cancer-related morbidity and mortality. In surgical oncology, the accurate discrimination between healthy and cancerous tissues is critical for the postoperative care of the patient. Conventional imaging techniques have attempted to serve as adjuvant tools for in situ biopsy and surgery guidance.

Implant infections after breast reconstruction surgery following mastectomy: Experience from a Greek breast unit.

Background: Despite the dominance of implant-based breast reconstruction after mastectomy, during recent years, it has been correlated to some complications. The aim of this study is to present the Greek experience about management of implant infections after breast reconstructions and to investigate the relationship between possible risk factors and breast pocket fluid cultures.

Methods: In total, 260 patients underwent implant-based breast reconstruction due to breast cancer in our center from 2016 until 2020.

Femoral fractures are an indicator of increased severity of injury for road traffic collision victims: an autopsy-based case-control study on 4895 fatalities.

Introduction: The course of road traffic collision (RTC) victims with femoral fractures (FFx) from injury to death was reviewed. We sought to correlate the presence of femoral fractures with the overall severity of injury from RTCs using objective indices and to identify statistically significant associations with injuries in other organs.

Patients And Methods: A case-control study based on forensic material from 4895 consecutive RTC-induced fatalities, between 1996 and 2005.

The "misfortune" of being a COVID-19 negative patient during the coronavirus pandemic.

COVID-19 pandemic has obviously affected patients' behavior towards seeking medical help as well as physicians' decision in the management of emergencies. Our recent experience as surgeons at a COVID-19 referral hospital revealed cases which share an alerting characteristic: the delay in appropriate management. Unfortunately for COVID-19 negative patients a "coronacentric" health system has been adopted.

The Effects of Ursodeoxycholic Acid Pretreatment in an Experimental Setting of Extended Hepatectomy: A Feasibility Study.

Introduction Liver regeneration is an exceptionally complex process, orchestrated by a multitude of growth factors and cytokines. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) and interleukin-6 (Il-6) have a pivotal role in the initiation of the regenerative response. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) exhibits a liver protective effect that enhances liver growth after injury.

Comparison of Quality of Life before and after pancreaticoduodenectomy: a prospective study.

Background: Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy, and surgical resection is the only therapeutic option with pancreaticoduodenectomy being considered the standard of care. It is essential to take into account the patients' Quality of Life after the resection, in order to make more informed decisions about treatment options.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine perceived Quality of Life levels among patients who undergo pancreaticoduodenectomy, in a period of six months after surgery.

Assessment of Aesthetic Results of 100 Patients Who Underwent Rhinoplasty-Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation.

Background: To assess the long-term aesthetic results of rhinoplasty and predict the final outcome.

Methods: The sample was composed of 100 patients (34 men and 66 women) between 23 and 57 years old (mean, 34.8) operated on exclusively for aesthetic reasons.

Early Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment for Necrotizing Fasciitis: A Multicenter Study.

Background: Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a group of relatively rare infections, usually caused by two or more pathogens. It affects the skin and subcutaneous tissues of lower and upper limbs, perineal area (Fournier's gangrene), and the abdominal wall. Early diagnosis and aggressive surgical management are of high significance for the management of this potentially lethal disease.

The role of surgery in the therapeutic approach of gastric cancer liver metastases.

Gastric cancer (GC) currently prevails as the second cause of death by malignancy worldwide. Estimations suggest that 35 % of affected patients appear with synchronous distant metastases. The vast majority of patients present with hepatic metastatic disease, sometimes accompanied by synchronous peritoneal and lung dissemination.

Cost-Effective Surgical Management of Liver Disease Amidst a Financial Crisis.

Background: Intraoperative use of specialized equipment and disposables contributes to the increasing cost of modern liver surgery. As a response to the recent severe financial crisis in our country we have employed a highly standardized protocol of liver resection that minimizes intraoperative and postoperative costs. Our goal is to evaluate cost-effectiveness of this protocol.

Mesenteric ischemia: Pathogenesis and challenging diagnostic and therapeutic modalities.

Mesenteric ischemia (MI) is an uncommon medical condition with high mortality rates. ΜΙ includes inadequate blood supply, inflammatory injury and eventually necrosis of the bowel wall. The disease can be divided into acute and chronic MI (CMI), with the first being subdivided into four categories.

Quality of Life Variables Assessment, Before and After Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD): Prospective Study.

Introduction: The treatment of pancreatic cancer is a complex problem, due to late diagnosis, the need for specialized surgical treatment, the large number of relapses and poor survival.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of life of patients with periampulary pancreatic cancer before and after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD).

Material & Method: The sample was collected in the "Attikon" University General Hospital (Chaidari).

Metastatic Liver Disease Associated with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Controversies in Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach.

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most frequent mesenchymal lesions of the GI tract. They are considered to originate from neoplastic transformation of either the intestinal pacemaker cells of Cajal or the precursor pluripotential stem cells. The genetic basis of GIST growth is an activating mutation of two receptor tyrosine kinases.

Challenging diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for leiomyosarcoma of inferior vena cava.

Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava (IVCL) is a rare malignant tumour originating from the smooth muscle cells of the media with intra- or extra-luminal growth. The type of the lesion is further divided into three levels in relation to hepatic and renal veins respectively. The aim of this review was to evaluate the results of surgical treatment of IVCL with special reference to the extent of its histological spread and to analyse the recent literature in order to provide an update on the current concepts of diagnostic and therapeutic management of this entity.

Primary hepatic lymphoma: dilemmas in diagnostic approach and therapeutic management.

Primary hepatic lymphoma (PHL) is a very rare malignancy and is characterized by liver involvement at presentation with no affectation of the spleen, lymph nodes, peripheral blood, bone marrow, or other tissues until at least 6 months after diagnosis. PHL should be considered in the differential diagnosis in a patient with space-occupying liver lesions and normal levels of alpha-fetoprotein and CEA. A computed tomography (CT) scan is the commonly used modality for staging lymphomas.

Familial pancreatic cancer: challenging diagnostic approach and therapeutic management.

Background: Familial predisposition characterizes up to 10% of the patients with pancreatic cancer (PC). Although many syndromes have been associated with an increased risk for PC, familial pancreatic cancer (FPC) accounts for the majority of hereditary cases. FPC is defined by families with at least a pair of first-degree relatives (FDRs) who have been diagnosed with PC and do not fulfill the criteria of other inherited tumor syndromes.

Outcome following major hepatic resection in the elderly patients.

Recent advances in operative techniques, anaesthesiologic management and intensive care have greatly reduced morbidity and mortality of major hepatectomy allowing a progressive broadening of its indications by including patients with chronic liver disorders as well as elderly subjects. It is apparent that with the aging population, more elderly patients are being referred for surgery. Selecting appropriate candidates for surgical resection is therefore crucial to maximize the benefit derived from surgery.

Hereditary pancreatitis: dilemmas in differential diagnosis and therapeutic approach.

Introduction: Hereditary pancreatitis (HP) is a rare, heterogeneous familial disease and should be suspected in any patient who has suffered at least two attacks of acute pancreatitis for which there is no underlying cause and unexplained chronic pancreatitis with a family history in a first- or second-degree relative. Genetic factors have been implied in cases of familial chronic pancreatitis. The most common PRSS1 mutations worldwide are the R122H and N29I variants.

Retroperitoneal schwannomas: dilemmas in diagnostic approach and therapeutic management.

Introduction: Schwannomas are rare tumors arising from Schwan cells of the peripheral nerve sheath. The majority of the cases are sporadic and familial clustering is often observed in association with von Rechlinghausen's disease. Cases of intrasacral (osseous) and spinal tumors have also been described.