Transfusion Thresholds and Risk Factors of Acute Kidney Injury in Gastrointestinal Oncology Surgery: Insights from a Retrospective Study.

: To identify transfusion thresholds and risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in gastrointestinal oncology surgery, enhancing early intervention and improving postoperative outcomes. : From 2018 to 2022, 765 patients with gastric or colorectal cancer who underwent major gastrointestinal surgery were retrospectively enrolled. The primary outcome was AKI development within 7 days postoperatively.

Impact of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) on surgical site infection and postoperative recovery outcomes: a retrospective study of 1276 cases.

This retrospective observational study aimed to evaluate the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) in the era of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) and the effect of ERAS on postoperative outcomes. Totally 1,276 patients (565 in ERAS group and 711 in non-ERAS group) who underwent operations at the department of general surgery during 2017-2021 were included. Risk factors were identified via logistic regression analysis and meta-analysis of all relevant published studies was performed.

Histological Image-based Ensemble Model to Identify Myenteric Plexitis and Predict Endoscopic Postoperative Recurrence in Crohn's Disease: A Multicentre, Retrospective Study.

Background And Aims: Myenteric plexitis is correlated with postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease when relying on traditional statistical methods. However, comprehensive assessment of myenteric plexus remains challenging. This study aimed to develop and validate a deep learning system to predict postoperative recurrence through automatic screening and identification of features of the muscular layer and myenteric plexus.

Altered fecal microbiome and metabolome profiles in rat models of short bowel syndrome.

Introduction: Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is featured by impaired nutrients and fluids absorption due to massive small intestine resection. Gut dysbiosis has been implicated in SBS, this study aimed to characterize the metagenomic and metabolomic profiles of SBS and identify potential therapeutic targets.

Methods: Fecal samples from SBS and Sham rats ( = 8 per group) were collected for high-throughput metagenomic sequencing.

Investigation of trends in gut microbiome associated with colorectal cancer using machine learning.

Background: The rapid growth of publications on the gut microbiome and colorectal cancer (CRC) makes it feasible for text mining and bibliometric analysis.

Methods: Publications were retrieved from the Web of Science. Bioinformatics analysis was performed, and a machine learning-based Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model was used to identify the subfield research topics.

Earlier anti-TNF therapy reduces the risk of malnutrition associated with alterations in body composition in patients with Crohn's disease.

Background: Anti-TNF therapy has been found to exert an influence on long-term nutritional status and even reverse malnutrition in patients with Crohn's disease.

Aims: to observe the effect of anti-TNF therapy on nutritional status in patients with Crohn's disease, investigate the correlation between the timing of anti-TNF therapy and the human body composition and examine independent body composition factors for predicting malnutrition in these patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 115 patients with Crohn's disease.

Pathological Nodal Staging Score for Gastric Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma: A Clinical Tool of Adequate Nodal Staging.

Background: Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (GSRCC) is a subset of gastric cancer with distinct histological and inconsistent prognosis outcome. Currently, the association between the adequate regional lymph node and proper nodal staging in GSRCC is rarely noticed. Materials and methods: Clinical data of GSRCC were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.

Evaluation of open reduction of distal humerus fractures in children after implementation of an enhanced recovery after surgery program.

Objective: This study assessed whether an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol could be beneficial for children with distal humerus fractures.

Methods: Children with distal humerus fractures (n = 85) were randomly assigned to the ERAS and control groups and subjected to different perioperative managements. This was followed by the evaluation of their intraoperative characteristics (operation time and bleeding), postoperative characteristics (food intake conditions, pain scores, and discharge time), and postoperative functions.

Preoperative Anti-TNF Therapy is Associated with a Shorter Length of Resected Bowel in Patients Undergoing Ileocolic Resection for Crohn's Disease.

Background: Massive or repeated intestinal resections for Crohn's disease (CD) could lead to disabling consequences. The present study aimed to assess the effect of preoperative anti-TNF therapy on the length of resected bowel and identify risk factors for postoperative morbidity following ileocolic resection for CD.

Methods: Patients undergoing elective ileocolic resection for CD were included prospectively.

MiR-125-5p/IL-6R axis regulates macrophage inflammatory response and intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis in ulcerative colitis through JAK1/STAT3 and NF-κB pathway.

This study explored the effects of miR-125-5p and interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6 R) on ulcerative colitis (UC) cell models and mouse models. The sera derived from UC patients and healthy subjects were collected for expression analysis. UC models and model were constructed and used.

Sphingosine kinase 1 regulates HMGB1 translocation by directly interacting with calcium/calmodulin protein kinase II-δ in sepsis-associated liver injury.

Previously, we confirmed that sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) inhibition improves sepsis-associated liver injury. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) translocation participates in the development of acute liver failure. However, little information is available on the association between SphK1 and HMGB1 translocation during sepsis-associated liver injury.

Perioperative Surgical Home Model Improves Outcomes in Crohn's Disease Patients Undergoing Disease-Related Surgery.

Background: To evaluate Perioperative Surgical Home (PSH) practice model implementation in Crohn's disease (CD) patients undergoing disease-related surgery.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of CD patients requiring disease-related surgery in the Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital was undertaken. Subjects were divided into a non-PSH group consisting of 49 patients (June 2016 to November 2017) and a PSH group consisting of 72 patients (December 2017 until May 2019).

Normothermic extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support: Improving the function of intestinal grafts obtained from cardiac death donors.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) could ameliorate the energy status and viability of bowel grafts from cardiac death donors. However, the function of these grafts after transplantation is not clear. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the early function of intestinal grafts after transplantation from expected cardiac death donors supported with normothermic extracorporeal support using a porcine allogeneic orthotopic segmental small bowel transplantation model.

MicroRNA-150 functions as a tumor suppressor and sensitizes osteosarcoma to doxorubicin-induced apoptosis by targeting RUNX2.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common form of bone malignancy in children and adolescents. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been associated with the development and progression of OS. In the present study, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western blotting, Cell Counting Kit-8, luciferase and Transwell assays were performed to investigate the biological function of microRNA-150 (miR-150) in OS.

Omi/HtrA2 Protease Associated Cell Apoptosis Participates in Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction.

: Omi/HtrA2 is a proapoptotic mitochondrial serine protease involved in caspase-dependent cell apoptosis, translocating from mitochondria to the cytosol after an apoptotic insult. Our previous study indicated pre-treatment with UCF-101, a specific inhibitor of Omi/HtrA2, could significantly reduce neuronal apoptosis and attenuate sepsis-induced cognitive dysfunction. Various hypotheses involving blood-brain-barrier (BBB) disruption have been proposed to account for sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE).

Omi/HtrA2 Regulates a Mitochondria-Dependent Apoptotic Pathway in a Murine Model of Septic Encephalopathy.

Background/aims: the pathogenesis of sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is multifactorial, involving neurotransmitter alterations, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and other factors. Mitochondria are major producers of reactive oxygen species, resulting in cellular injury. Omi/HtrA2 is a proapoptotic mitochondrial serine protease involved in caspase-dependent cell death; it is translocated from mitochondria to the cytosol after an apoptotic insult.

Vitamin D Improves Intestinal Barrier Function in Cirrhosis Rats by Upregulating Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression.

Intestinal barrier dysfunction always accompanies cirrhosis in patients with advanced liver disease and is an important contributor facilitating bacterial translocation (BT), which has been involved in the pathogenesis of cirrhosis and its complications. Several studies have demonstrated the protective effect of Vitamin D on intestinal barrier function. However, severe cholestasis leads to vitamin D depletion.

Surgery for chronic radiation enteritis: outcome and risk factors.

Background: Surgery is required in approximately one-third of patients with chronic radiation enteritis (CRE). The aim of this study was to explore the short- and long-term outcomes after surgery for CRE and risk factors of postoperative morbidity.

Methods: Clinical features and surgical outcomes of patients undergoing surgery for CRE were retrospectively reviewed.

Associations between body composition and nutritional assessments and biochemical markers in patients with chronic radiation enteritis: a case-control study.

Background: Chronic radiation enteritis (CRE) is defined as loss of absorptive capacity after irradiation due to chronic inflammation and damage of intestinal mucosa, which may lead to varying degrees of malnutrition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential correlation between the nutritional status and systemic inflammation in patients with CRE.

Methods: Medical records of 92 patients with CRE and 184 age- and sex-matched controls in a single center from January 2010 to October 2015 were retrospectively reviewed.

[Feasibility of laparoscopic surgery for chronic adhesive small bowel obstruction].

Objective: To determine the feasibility and possible superiority of laparoscopic surgery for chronic adhesive small bowel obstruction(CASBO).

Methods: Clinical data of 36 CASBO patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery in Jinling Hospital from March 2011 to August 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. In addition, 36 cases, matched by age, gender, previous abdominal surgery history, body mass index(BMI) and abdominal adhesion grade, who underwent open surgery from April 2007 to February 2011 were used as controls.

Intestinal Conditioning After Cardiac Arrest: The Use of Normothermic Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in the Non-Heart-Beating Animal Model.

The effect of normothermic extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (NECMO) on small bowel preservation in a clinically relevant large animal model of expected donation after cardiac death (eDCD) was evaluated. Thirty domestic crossbred donor pigs were divided into five groups. The first group served as the live donation (LD) group, the second group served as the donation after cardiac death (DCD) group, and the remaining were further assigned into three subgroups: E1 group (1 h NECMO support), E3 group (3 h NECMO support), and E5 group (5 h NECMO support).

Early- Versus Late-Onset Prosthetic Mesh Infection: More than Time Alone.

Prosthetic mesh used for ventral incisional hernia makes hernia repair surgery simple, effective, and safe. The mesh infection is a formidable complication and bimodal distribution. The differences between early- and late-onset are unknown.

A potential anatomic subtype of short bowel syndrome: a matched case-control study.

Background: Fundamental researches suggest that ileum presents greater adaptive potential than the jejunum. However, few studies estimate the association between ileum and adaptive potential in human. To discover the association, we conducted this matched case-control study.