Determinants of depressive symptoms in patients with heart failure based on the hopelessness theory of depression.

Aims: Depressive symptoms are common in patients with heart failure (HF) and are associated with adverse outcomes in this group. This study examined depressive symptoms and associated determinants in patients with HF based on the hopelessness theory of depression.

Methods And Results: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 282 patients with HF were recruited from 3 cardiovascular units of a university hospital.

Functional status mediates the association of nutritional status with depressive symptoms in patients with heart failure.

Aims: The decline of nutritional status and depressive symptoms are pandemic in heart failure patients and functional status may play a pivotal role between these. This study aimed to determine whether nutritional status is associated with depressive symptoms and whether functional status mediates this relationship in heart failure patients.

Design: This was a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study.

The Relationship Between Caregiver Reactions and Psychological Distress in Family Caregivers of Patients With Heart Failure.

Background: Providing care often causes negative reactions and psychological distress in family caregivers of patients with heart failure. How these 2 constructs are related has not been fully explored.

Objective: The aims of this study were to describe caregiver reactions to caregiving and psychological distress and to determine the associations between caregiver reactions to caregiving and psychological distress in family caregivers of patients with heart failure.