Predictable chronic mild stress promotes recovery from LPS-induced depression.

Clinical depression is frequently comorbid with chronic inflammatory disease, and neuroinflammation is currently proposed as a key mechanism in major depressive disorders. Different from unpredictable chronic stress, which is a well-established animal model for depression, predictable chronic mild stress (PCMS), a routine stress experienced in day-to-day life, has been demonstrated to improve mood and memory. In the present study, we assess the effects of PCMS (5 min of daily restrain stress for 4 weeks) on depressive-like behavior, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and pyrin domain containing three (NLRP3) activation in hippocampus of mice subjected to peripheral immune challenge by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Recategorization of tumor stage in patients with node-negative oral tongue cancer: Impact of the eighth edition American Joint Committee staging system.

Background: To evaluate recategorization of pT1-3N0 oral tongue cancer, from seventh to eighth editions of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging classification, and impact on overall survival (OS).

Methods: Using the National Cancer Database, 1277 patients were categorized using tumor size and depth of invasion with seventh and eighth AJCC staging systems and evaluated for OS.

Results: Tumor-category was unchanged in 82.

The Involvement of Renin-Angiotensin System in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Behavioral Changes, Neuroinflammation, and Disturbed Insulin Signaling.

Brain insulin signaling is accounted for the development of a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and depression, whereas both inflammation and the activated renin-angiotensin system (RAS) are two major contributors to insulin resistance. Intriguingly, inflammation and RAS can activate each other, forming a positive feedback loop that would result in exacerbated unwanted tissue damage. To further examine the interrelationship among insulin signaling, neuroinflammation and RAS in the brain, the effect of repeated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure and co-treatment with the angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor type 1 (AT1) blocker, candesartan (Cand), on anxiety and depression-like behaviors, RAS, neuroinflammation and insulin signaling was explored.

Craniofacial Anthropometry: Normative Data for Caucasian Infants.

Purpose: Craniofacial anthropometry is a valuable tool for characterization of facial dysmorphology and evaluation of treatment outcomes. Databases of normal anthropometric ranges are limited for infants. The aim of this study is to establish normative data for craniofacial anthropometric measurements in Caucasian infants.

Determination of genetic effects of on important growth traits in beef cattle.

Serine protease inhibitor protein 3 (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 3, ) is a member of the serpin superfamily, probably related to the yield and quality of muscle. This study focuses on the relationship between gene polymorphism and growth traits in beef cattle. The study first uses sequencing pooled DNA samples (Pool-Seq), PCR-RFLP and Tetra-primer ARMS-PCR techniques to determine the genetic polymorphisms of SERPINA3 in 765 beef cattle.

Genetic diversity and maternal origin of Northeast African and South American donkey populations.

To investigate the mtDNA variation and origin of maternal lineages in South American donkeys and to reassess the domestication of donkeys in northeast Africa, we analyzed sequences (489 bp of the D-loop) from 323 domestic donkeys sampled from Peru, Brazil, Ethiopia and Egypt. Altogether, the 323 sequences displayed 53 different haplotypes (45 in Ethiopia, 14 in Egypt, eight in Peru and six in Brazil). Among the four populations, Egyptian donkeys possessed the highest haplotype diversity (0.

Synthesis and Characterization of Nanoscale Tungsten Particles with Hollow Superstructure Using Spray Drying Combined with Calcination Process.

Nanoscale tungsten (W) powder is used in some special materials. In this study, a hollow superstructure W powder consisting of nanoparticles was synthesized by spray drying combined with two-step calcination from commercial (NH)WO·6HO. The high-pressure gas (HPG) was the significant factor in spray drying process, which affect the BET surface area and average particles size of the spray-dried powders.

The interferon antagonistic activities of the V proteins of NDV correlated with their virulence.

Protein V of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) serves as interferon (IFN) antagonist, and NDV stains with different pathogenicity show different abilities in inhibition IFN expression. To further reveal the relationship between viral virulence and their IFN-antagonistic activity derived from protein V, six NDV strains with three different pathotypes were used in this study and their V gene were cloned into eukaryotic expression vector. The V gene derived from different NDV strains were expressed in same level in cells after transfection according to the results from Western blotting.

Role of t-PA and PAI-1 variants in temporal lobe epilepsy in Chinese Han population.

Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic disabling neurologic diseases. The purpose of our study was to investigate whether there is an association between t-PA (tissue plasminogen activator, rs2020918 and rs4646972), PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, rs1799768) polymorphisms and susceptibility to temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in Chinese Han population.

Method: One hundred and twenty-one cases of patients who were diagnosed as TLE and 146 normal controls were enrolled and the genotypes of t-PA and PAI-1 were detected by polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction (PCR-LDR) method after the genomic DNA being extracted from peripheral blood.

[Clinical efficacy observation on combination of narrow-spectrum medium-wave ultraviolet, red light, and low power He-Ne laser in treating post-burn eczema].

To investigate the clinical effects of combined utilization of narrow-spectrum medium-wave ultraviolet, red light, and low power He-Ne laser on treatment of post-burn eczema. From July 2014 to July 2017, 80 patients with post-burn eczema who met the study inclusion criteria were treated in our burn rehabilitation center, and their clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were divided into ultraviolet treatment group, red light treatment group, laser treatment group, and combination treatment group according to the utilized treatment methods, with 20 cases in each group.

A novel SNP of PLAG1 gene and its association with growth traits in Chinese cattle.

Genetic polymorphism has great influences on the improvement of cattle traits. The polymorphism of the same gene family will greatly change the growth traits of cattle, such as the pleomorphic adenoma gene (PLAG) family. Many studies have shown that the PLAG family proteins are the transcription regulators of nuclear protein, which mainly regulates the expression of many important genes in the body.

Exploring genotype-phenotype relationships of the gene on growth traits in beef cattle.

Cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 () is essential to myoblast differentiation. However, there was no report about the function of gene in cattle. This study explored the association of gene polymorphisms with growth traits in cattle breeds by several methods, such as DNA sequencing, PCR, PCR-RFLP and forced PCR-RFLP.

Reference Phase Stabilizer for Distributed Underwater Sonar Systems.

An optical fiber is a promising approach for data and clock transmission in distributed underwater sonar systems. However, synchronization is a critical challenge in distributed sonar systems, which mandates accurate clock synchronization down to a sub degree. Potential phase misalignment is caused by fiber length variations.

A Fast Calibration Method for Phased Arrays by Using the Graph Coloring Theory.

Phased array radars are able to provide highly accurate airplane surveillance and tracking performance if they are properly calibrated. However, the ambient temperature variation and device aging could greatly deteriorate their performance. Currently, performing a calibration over a large-scale phased array with thousands of antennas is time-consuming.

Na-Conductive NaTiO-Modified P2-type NaNiMnO via a Smart in Situ Coating Approach: Suppressing Na/Vacancy Ordering and P2-O2 Phase Transition.

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have shown great superiority for grid-scale storage applications because of their low cost and the abundance of sodium. P2-type NaNiMnO cathode materials have attracted much attention for their high capacities and operating voltages as well as their simple synthesis processes. However, Na/vacancy ordering and the P2-O2 phase transition are unavoidable during Na insertion/extraction, leading to undesired voltage plateaus and deficient battery performances.

CuO-Coated and Cu-doped Co-modified P2-type Na[NiMn]O for sodium-ion batteries.

Layered P2-type CuO-coated Na2/3[Ni1/3Mn2/3]O2 (NNMO@CuO) with excellent rate capability and cycling performance was investigated as a sodium-ion battery cathode material for the first time. The NNMO@CuO cathode material combines the advantages of CuO coating and Cu2+ doping. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, TEM elemental line scan analysis and ex situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that CuO has been successfully coated on the particle surface uniformly, and that this CuO layer effectively suppresses the exfoliation of the metal oxide layers and unfavorable side reactions.

Heart rate variability rebound following exposure to persistent and repetitive sleep restriction.

While it is well established that slow-wave sleep electroencephalography (EEG) rebounds following sleep deprivation, very little research has investigated autonomic nervous system recovery. We examined heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) during four blocks of repetitive sleep restriction and sequential nights of recovery sleep. Twenty-one healthy participants completed the 22-day in-hospital protocol.

Y-chromosome haplotype analysis revealing multiple paternal origins in swamp buffaloes of China and Southeast Asia.

To further probe into the paternal origins and domestication area of swamp buffaloes, we examined Y-chromosome diversity of 482 bulls representing 22 populations from China and Southeast Asia. A total of 40 bovine Y-chromosome-specific microsatellite (Y-STR) markers were screened in this study. The results showed that seven Y-STR markers (UMN2405, UMN0504, UMN0103, UMN1307, BC1.

Pharmacologic Effect of Miao Medicine Maxim. on Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Rats.

Objectives: To study the pharmacologic effect and mechanism of action of Miao medicine Maxim. (ISM) in treating rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods: Sixty rats were randomly divided to six groups: normal control (normal), collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model (model), CIA + tripterygium glycosides (TG), CIA + ISM high dose oral (ISM-H), CIA + ISM low-dose oral (ISM-L), and CIA + ISM topical application (ISM-T).

Neutrophil-Mediated Endogenous Analgesia Contributes to Sex Differences in Oral Cancer Pain.

The incidence of oral cancer in the United States is increasing, especially in young people and women. Patients with oral cancer report severe functional pain. Using a patient cohort accrued through the New York University Oral Cancer Center and immune-competent mouse models, we identify a sex difference in the prevalence and severity of oral cancer pain.

Ω-3 fatty acids-supplementary in gestation alleviates neuroinflammation and modulates neurochemistry in rats.

Background: The mechanisms underlying the association between immune activation and postpartum depression remained elusive. Although Ω-3 fatty acids possess anti-inflammatory properties, there is limited evidence directly linking the modulating effects of Ω-3 fatty acids on neuroimmune and neurochemistry to the antidepressant actions.

Methods: A between-groups design was used to assess the effects of reproductive status (virgin or parous) and Ω-3 fatty acids content (control and supplementary).

Lactate Deficit in an Alzheimer Disease Mouse Model: The Relationship With Neuronal Damage.

Cerebral energy metabolism in Alzheimer disease (AD) has recently been given increasing attention. This study focuses on the alterations of cerebral lactate metabolism in the double-transgenic amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) mouse model of AD. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting analysis were used to identify the alterations of lactate content and lactate transporters (MCT1, MCT2, MCT4) in APP/PS1 mouse brains, which display amyloid beta plaques, reduced amounts of neurons and oligodendrocytes, and increased quantity of astrocytes.

The paraventricular thalamus is a critical thalamic area for wakefulness.

Clinical observations indicate that the paramedian region of the thalamus is a critical node for controlling wakefulness. However, the specific nucleus and neural circuitry for this function remain unknown. Using in vivo fiber photometry or multichannel electrophysiological recordings in mice, we found that glutamatergic neurons of the paraventricular thalamus (PVT) exhibited high activities during wakefulness.