Mixed-methods needs assessment for development of school-based mental health implementation science capacity in low- and middle-income countries: Vietnam as a case example.

Worldwide, the majority of youth reside in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). School-based mental health (SBMH) services are particularly important in LMIC, in part because of LMIC's limited mental health infrastructure. Among the challenges to developing SBMH in LMIC are limited implementation science (IS) capacity, critical for identifying barriers to evidence-based intervention (EBI) use and dissemination, etc.

Relations between risk perception, perceptions of peers' driving, and risky driving among Cambodian adolescents.

Introduction: Traffic accidents are a leading cause of death globally, with substantial economic impact particularly in low-and-middle-income countries (LMIC). Adolescents are at particular risk, partly due to their tendency to engage in risky driving. However, most research designed to identify potential causes of risky adolescent driving has been conducted in Western, high-income countries, which often have substantial cultural differences from LMIC that potentially influence risky adolescent driving.

Concurrent and convergent validity of culture-specific psychopathology syndromes among Cambodian adolescents.

Psychopathology is defined in part by its impacts on life functioning (e.g., fulfillment of daily responsibilities at work or school, in family relationships).

Sooner is Better: Longitudinal Relations Between Delay Discounting, and Depression and Anxiety Symptoms among Vietnamese Adolescents.

Delay discounting refers to the decline in the present value of an outcome as a function of the delay to its receipt. Research on delay discounting initially focused on substance abuse, generally finding that greater delay discounting is associated with increased risk for and severity of substance abuse. More recently, delay discounting has been linked theoretically and empirically to affective psychopathology, potentially suggesting novel intervention targets for mental health problems such as depression and anxiety.

Child mental health literacy among Vietnamese and Cambodian mothers.

Background: Parents' perceptions of their children's mental health - including recognition of specific mental health problems as such, and their beliefs about the causes and treatments for the problems - have an important impact on child mental health.

Aims: This study investigated child mental health literacy among Cambodian and Vietnamese mothers.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 357 mothers in Hanoi, Vietnam, and Pnom Penh and Kampong Speu, Cambodia.

Prevalence of adverse childhood experiences among Vietnamese high school students.

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are linked to a range of negative health outcomes. However, the majority of research has been conducted in high-income-countries and little is known about ACE prevalence in low-and-middle-income-countries (LMIC), where the majority of the world's youth reside.

Objective: Assess ACE prevalence and demographic correlates in two provinces of the Southeast Asian LMIC Vietnam.

The 'big four' health risk behaviors among Vietnamese adolescents: co-occurrence and socio-cultural risk factors.

Background: Health Risk Behaviors (HRBs) represent significant health threats for adolescents. However, there has been relatively little research on multiple HRBs in low-and-middle-income countries (LMIC), where the majority of the world's youth reside. This study's objective was to investigate common HRB, their co-occurrence, and socio-demographic risk and protective factors among Vietnamese adolescents.

Effects of individual differences, society, and culture on youth-rated problems and strengths in 38 societies.

Background: Clinicians increasingly serve youths from societal/cultural backgrounds different from their own. This raises questions about how to interpret what such youths report. Rescorla et al.

Mental Health of University Students in Southeastern Asia: A Systematic Review.

Mental health in young people is a public health challenge worldwide, with around one-fifth of university students suffering from a 12-month mental disorder. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) of Southeastern Asia, resources for mental health are limited and counseling services are not regularly established at universities. This review aims to determine the prevalence of mental health problems among university students in six ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) countries (Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam) and to identify the determinants of mental health.

Recognition of anxiety disorder and depression and literacy of first-aid support: A cross-sectional study among undergraduate students in Ha Noi, Viet Nam 2018.

This study is aimed at exploring undergraduate students' abilities to recognize anxiety disorder and depression symptoms, and their literacy of mental first-aid supports for these problems. Using a mixed-method, cross-sectional design, data were collected from 724 undergraduate students in Hanoi. This used a questionnaire on literacy of anxiety disorder and depression, adapted from the Australian National Survey of Mental Health Literacy and Stigma.

Mental health literacy at the public health level in low and middle income countries: An exploratory mixed methods study in Vietnam.

Purpose: Mental health literacy (MHL) is key for mental health development, particularly in low-and-middle-income countries (LMIC) where mental health resources are limited. MHL development can be thought of as occurring at two levels: the individual person level (via direct contact, with specifically-targeted individuals), and the public health level (via indirect contact through public media, targeting the general public). Each approach has advantages and disadvantages.

Experimental evaluation of a school-based mental health literacy program in two Southeast Asian nations.

Background: Low mental health literacy (MHL) is a particular challenge in many low and middle-income countries (LMIC). School-based MHL programs hold promise to increase MHL but lack rigorous research assessing their effectiveness in LMIC. The present study evaluated a school-based MHL program, the " (""), implemented separately in two different contexts in Southeast Asia (Vietnam and Cambodia) following adaptations made by the research team.

Urbanization, and child mental health and life functioning in Vietnam: implications for global health disparities.

Purpose: Urbanization is linked to increased health risks, including mental health. However, the large majority of this research has been conducted in high-income countries, and little is known about effects in low-and-middle-income countries (LMIC) where urbanization is occurring most frequently and most rapidly. Within global mental health, children and adolescents are a critical but understudied population.

Mental health literacy and intervention program adaptation in the internationalization of school psychology for Vietnam.

This paper discusses how school psychology technology developed in Western countries can be adapted for global contexts and "internationalized." The article reports results of two studies, providing examples of: (a) our school psychology internationalization experiences in Vietnam, as lessons hopefully useful for other professionals interested in international development; and (b) how Western researchers can learn through internalization experiences. Because mental health literacy is foundational for mental health development, Study 1 focused on assessment of mental health literacy among 353 Vietnamese teachers, with findings suggesting overall low mental health literacy among these participants.

Incremental validity of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in Vietnam.

Objective: Valid but efficient psychiatric assessment is essential for mental health development in Asian low and middle-income countries. This study's objective was to assess the validity of Vietnamese versions of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in Vietnam.

Methods: Measures were completed by a community sample of 1314 parents of children 6-16 years old from 10 Vietnamese provinces, and by parents of 208 children recruited from 3 psychiatric facilities in Hanoi.

Vietnam as a case example of school-based mental health services in low and middle income countries: Efficacy and effects of risk status.

The purposes of this study were to (a) assess the efficacy of a universal classroom-based mental health and social skills program for primary school students in Vietnam, and (b) given the universal nature of the intervention, assess outcomes as a function of risk status (high vs. low). RECAP-VN is a semi-structured program that provides students with classroom social skills training, and teachers with in-classroom consultation on program implementation and classroom-wide behavior management.

Substance Abuse, Relapse, and Treatment Program Evaluation in Malaysia: Perspective of Rehab Patients and Staff Using the Mixed Method Approach.

This study examined reasons for substance abuse and evaluated the effectiveness of substance treatment programs in Malaysia through interviews with rehab patients and staff. Substance rehab patients (aged 18-69 years; n = 30) and staff (ages 30-72 years; n = 10) participated in semi-structured interviews covering a range of topics, including family and peer relationships, substance use and treatment history, factors for substance use and relapse, motivation for entering treatment, work experience, job satisfaction, treatment evaluation, and patient satisfaction. Most patients did not demonstrate the substance progression trend and had normal family relationships.

Regional research priorities in brain and nervous system disorders.

The characteristics of neurological, psychiatric, developmental and substance-use disorders in low- and middle-income countries are unique and the burden that they have will be different from country to country. Many of the differences are explained by the wide variation in population demographics and size, poverty, conflict, culture, land area and quality, and genetics. Neurological, psychiatric, developmental and substance-use disorders that result from, or are worsened by, a lack of adequate nutrition and infectious disease still afflict much of sub-Saharan Africa, although disorders related to increasing longevity, such as stroke, are on the rise.

Functional impairment and mental health functioning among Vietnamese children.

Purpose: Functional impairment is a key indicator of need for mental health services among children and adolescents, often a stronger predictor of service usage than mental health symptoms themselves. Functional impairment may be of particular importance in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) because of its potential to focus policy on treatment of child mental health problems which is generally given low priority in LMIC. However, few studies have assessed functional impairment in LMIC.

Drug abuse, relapse, and prevention education in malaysia: perspective of university students through a mixed methods approach.

In recent years, there have been increasing accounts of illegal substance abuse among university students and professional groups in Malaysia. This study looks at university students' perceptions about this phenomenon. Students from Malaysian universities were asked for their impressions about drug availability and abuse, as well as factors contributing to drug abuse and relapse.

Adaptation of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-IV (WISC-IV) for Vietnam.

Intelligence testing is used for many purposes including identification of children for proper educational placement (e.g., children with learning disabilities, or intellectually gifted students), and to guide education by identifying cognitive strengths and weaknesses so that teachers can adapt their instructional style to students' specific learning styles.

A Model for Sustainable Development of Child Mental Health Infrastructure in the LMIC World: Vietnam as a Case Example.

Children and adolescents are among the highest need populations in regards to mental health support, especially in low and middle income countries (LMIC). Yet resources in LMIC for prevention and treatment of mental health problems are limited, in particular for children and adolescents. In this paper, we discuss a model for development of child and adolescent mental health (CAMH) resources in LMIC that has guided a ten year initiative focused on development of CAMH treatment and research infrastructure in Vietnam.