Down-regulation of SHP2 promotes neutrophil autophagy and inhibits neutrophil extracellular trap formation to alleviate asthma through the ERK5 pathway.

Introduction: Neutrophil autophagy and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation are closely related to asthma pathogenesis. Src homology domain 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) is an important regulatory factor in airway remodeling in asthma. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of SHP2 in neutrophils.

The impact of COVID-19 on referrals among general practitioners and specialists in Shanghai, China.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted patient's visits to general practitioners (GPs). However, it is unclear what the impact of COVID-19 has been on the interaction among the local primary care clinics, the GP Department within the hospital and specialists.

Methods: The interaction among GPs referring to hospital-based specialists and specialists to local doctors was determined, comparing pre-pandemic 2019 and 2020 during the pandemic.

Structure, function, signaling pathways and clinical therapeutics: The translational potential of STAT3 as a target for cancer therapy.

Cancer remains one of the most difficult human diseases to overcome because of its complexity and diversity. Signal transducers and transcriptional activators 3 (STAT3) protein has been found to be overexpressed in a wide range of cancer types. Hyperactivation of STAT3 is particularly associated with low survival in cancer patients.

STIM1 promotes cervical cancer progression through autophagy activation via TFEB nuclear translocation.

Background: Autophagy plays an important role in maintaining the stability of intracellular environment, abnormal autophagy is associated with the occurrence and progression of cancer, the role of STIM1 in regulating cancer autophagy remains controversial, and its clinical relevance is unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of STIM1 on cervical cancer, thus to provide new molecular therapeutic targets for cervical cancer in clinic.

Methods: We collected CIN III, FIGO IB and IIA fresh Specimens without chemotherapy from patients in Renmin Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine (n = 10).

A Novel High-Throughput and Sensitive Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay System.

(1) Background: In vitro diagnostic (IVD) tests are the main means of obtaining diagnostic information for clinical purposes. The electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) has become an important in vitro diagnostic technique. It has unique advantages and broad market prospects due to its sensitivity, detection limit, detection range and reagent stability.

Causal relationships between gut microbiota, immune cell, and Henoch-Schönlein Purpura: a two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Regulating the immune system is a crucial measure of gut microbiota (GM) that influences the development of diseases. The causal role of GM on Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP) and whether it can be mediated by immune cells is still unknown.

Methods: We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization study using an inverse variance weighted (IVW) method to examine the causal role of GM on HSP and the mediation effect of immune cells between the association of GM and HSP.

Occurrence, sources and transport of triazine herbicides in the Antarctic marginal seas.

The extensively applied triazine herbicides are easily transported by ocean currents over long distances. This study analyzed ten triazine herbicides in the Antarctic marginal seas and the Southern Indian Ocean during the austral summer for the first time, addressing their largely unexplored behavior in remote marine environments. The total triazine herbicides showed great spatial heterogeneity, with a range of 20-790 pg/L and an average of 31 ± 66 pg/L.

Real-time coloration control of gallium-based strips through cold rolling.

Cold rolling has been used as a real-time surface oxidation control method to create colored strips on flexible substrates. By controlling the extrusion rate in real time, a variety of colored strips have been fabricated on Ga-based liquid metal (LM) strips. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis shows that the surfaces of the colored strips, which were obtained through extrusion rate control of LM-Al, consist primarily of metal oxide composites, including GaO, GaO, AlO, SnO, and InO.

Age-specific response to climate factors and extreme drought events in radial growth of Picea likiangensis.

The influence of tree age on the growth response of Picea likiangensis, a predominant timber species in southwestern China, to climatic factors has been under-researched. In this study, we examined the relationships between tree age and the response of P. likiangensis to climatic factors and extreme drought events using tree-ring samples procured from the southeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau.

Formosanin C inhibits pulmonary metastasis by targeting stearyl CoA desaturase-1.

Background: Cisplatin (DDP) as the first-line drug has been used in cancer therapy. However, side effects and drug resistance are the challenges of DDP. Disordered lipid metabolism is related to DDP resistance.

Hydralazine loaded nanodroplets combined with ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction to induce pyroptosis for tumor treatment.

Pyroptosis, a novel type of programmed cell death (PCD), which provides a feasible therapeutic option for the treatment of tumors. However, due to the hypermethylation of the promoter, the critical protein Gasdermin E (GSDME) is lacking in the majority of cancer cells, which cannot start the pyroptosis process and leads to dissatisfactory therapeutic effects. Additionally, the quick clearance, systemic side effects, and low concentration at the tumor site of conventional pyroptosis reagents restrict their use in clinical cancer therapy.

[Site-specific PCR identification of animal species and formula particles of Scorpio].

Scorpio, a commonly used animal medicine in China, is derived from Buthus martensii as recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. China harbors rich species of Scorpionida and adulterants exist in the raw medicinal material and deep-processed products of Scorpio. The microscopic characteristics of the deep-processed products may be incomplete or lost during processing, which makes the identification difficult.

Caffeic acid activates mitochondrial UPR to resist pathogen infection in via the transcription factor ATFS-1.

Mitochondria play roles in the resistance of against pathogenic bacteria by regulating mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR). Caffeic acid (CA) (3,4-dihydroxy cinnamic acid) is a major phenolic compound present in several plant species, which exhibits biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-fibrosis, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. However, whether caffeic acid influences the innate immune response and the underlying molecular mechanisms remains unknown.

A combination of PD-L1-targeted IL-15 mRNA nanotherapy and ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction for tumor immunotherapy.

PD-1/PD-L1-based immune checkpoint blockade therapy has shown limited benefits in tumor patients, partially attributed to the inadequate infiltration of immune effector cells within tumors. Here, we established a nanoplatform named DPPA/IL-15 NPs to target PD-L1 for the tumor delivery of IL-15 messenger RNA (mRNA). DPPA/IL-15 NPs were endowed with ultrasound responsiveness and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging performance.

BLVRA exerts its biological effects to induce malignant properties of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

The function of Biliverdin Reductase A (BLVRA) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells proliferation, invasion and migration remains unclear. Therefore, this research intends to explore the effect of BLVRA on HCC cells growth and metastasis. BLVRA expression was analyzed in public dataset and examined by using western blot.

Phosphate deficiency induced by infection promotes synthesis of anthracnose-resistant anthocyanin-3galactoside phytoalexins in the plant.

Tea () is a well-known beverage crop rich in polyphenols with health benefits for humans. Understanding how tea polyphenols participate in plant resistance is beneficial to breeding resistant varieties and uncovering the resistance mechanisms. Here, we report that a infection-induced 'pink ring' symptom appeared outside the lesion, which is highly likely to occur in resistant cultivars.

Modeling the protein binding non-linearity in population pharmacokinetic model of valproic acid in children with epilepsy: a systematic evaluation study.

Several studies have investigated the population pharmacokinetics (popPK) of valproic acid (VPA) in children with epilepsy. However, the predictive performance of these models in the extrapolation to other clinical environments has not been studied. Hence, this study evaluated the predictive abilities of pediatric popPK models of VPA and identified the potential effects of protein binding modeling strategies.

Radiomics nomogram for prediction of glypican-3 positive hepatocellular carcinoma based on hepatobiliary phase imaging.

Introduction: The hepatobiliary-specific phase can help in early detection of changes in lesion tissue density, internal structure, and microcirculatory perfusion at the microscopic level and has important clinical value in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, this study aimed to construct a preoperative nomogram for predicting the positive expression of glypican-3 (GPC3) based on gadoxetic acid-enhanced (Gd-EOB-DTPA) MRI hepatobiliary phase (HBP) radiomics, imaging and clinical feature.

Methods: We retrospectively included 137 patients with HCC who underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI and subsequent liver resection or puncture biopsy at our hospital from January 2017 to December 2021 as training cohort.

CAFs targeted ultrasound-responsive nanodroplets loaded V9302 and GLULsiRNA to inhibit melanoma growth via glutamine metabolic reprogramming and tumor microenvironment remodeling.

Despite rapid advances in metabolic therapies over the past decade, their efficacy in melanoma has been modest, largely due to the interaction between cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and cancer cells to promote cancer growth. Altering the tumor microenvironment (TME) is challenging and elusive. CAFs is critical for glutamine deprivation survival in melanoma.

Erythrocyte membrane -3 PUFA are inversely associated with breast cancer risk among Chinese women.

The relationship between erythrocyte membrane -3 PUFA and breast cancer risk is controversial. We aimed to examine the associations of erythrocyte membrane -3 PUFA with odds of breast cancer among Chinese women by using a relatively large sample size. A case-control study was conducted including 853 newly diagnosed, histologically confirmed breast cancer cases and 892 frequency-matched controls (5-year interval).

FGF19-Induced Inflammatory CAF Promoted Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation in the Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer.

Liver metastasis is the main cause of death in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC); thus, necessitating effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM). Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) is a protumorigenic gene in numerous human malignancies. In this study, it is shown that FGF19 plays an indispensable role in CRLM.

Prevalence trend and burden of neglected parasitic diseases in China from 1990 to 2019: findings from global burden of disease study.

Objective: This study sought to investigate the parasitic diseases of neglected tropical diseases defined by the World Health Organization based on the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) database. Importantly, we analyzed the prevalence and burden of these diseases in China from 1990 to 2019 to provide valuable information to formulate more effective measures for their management and prevention.

Methods: Data on the prevalence and burden of neglected parasitic diseases in China from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from the global health data exchange (GHDx) database, including the absolute number of prevalence, age-standardized prevalence rate, disability-adjusted life year (DALY) and age-standardized DALY rate.

Mechanism of active acetylcholinesterase inhibition by organic sulfanes in garlic: Non-covalent binding and covalent modifications.

Numerous secondary metabolites in medicinal food homology plants such as Allium inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), but the current understanding of the inhibition mechanism is limited. In this study, we employed ultrafiltration, spectroscopic, molecular docking, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS/MS) techniques to investigate the inhibition mechanism of AChE by garlic organic sulfanes, including diallyl sulfide (DAS), diallyl disulfide (DADS), and diallyl trisulfide (DATS). The results of UV-spectrophotometry and ultrafiltration experiments showed the inhibition of AChE activity by DAS and DADS was reversible (competitive inhibition), but inhibition by DATS was irreversible.